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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Changes in the maternal essential fatty acid profile during early pregnancy and the relation of the profile to diet.

BACKGROUND: Although the pattern of the essential fatty acids (EFAs) changes considerably from week 10 of pregnancy to term, no information is available on changes in EFA concentrations in the early stages of pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: The main objectives were to assess the EFA status, particularly that of 22:6n-3, in women during the first 10 wk of pregnancy and to investigate the relation of EFA status to dietary EFA intake during this period. DESIGN: Healthy women (n = 24) planning to become pregnant were recruited. The fatty acid composition of plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids was determined before and at weeks 4, 6, 8, and 10 of pregnancy. Food intake was assessed at entry into the study and at week 10 of pregnancy by using food-frequency questionnaires. RESULTS: A small but nonsignificant increase in dietary intake of 22:6n-3 was found. The plasma phospholipid content of 22:6n-3 (% by wt) increased continuously during the first 10 wk of pregnancy. At week 10 of pregnancy, the plasma percentages of 16:0, 20:3n-6, and 20:4n-6 had increased significantly, whereas the percentages of the 18-24-carbon saturated fatty acids, 18:2n-6, and the ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids had dropped significantly. The composition of erythrocyte phospholipids showed changes similar to those observed in plasma. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal plasma and erythrocyte phospholipid 22:6n-3 concentrations start to increase in very early pregnancy, which cannot be explained by changes in dietary intake alone. This rise probably represents early maternal adaptations to meet the requirements of highly proliferating and differentiating tissues at this stage of fetal development.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Mclip: motif detection based on cliques of gapped local profile-to-profile alignments.

UNLABELLED: A multitude of motif-finding tools have been published, which can generally be assigned to one of three classes: expectation-maximization, Gibbs-sampling or enumeration. Irrespective of this grouping, most motif detection tools only take into account similarities across ungapped sequence regions, possibly causing short motifs located peripherally and in varying distance to a 'core' motif to be missed. We present a new method, adding to the set of expectation-maximization approaches, that permits the use of gapped alignments for motif elucidation. AVAILABILITY: The program is available for download from: http://bioinfoserver.rsbs.anu.edu.au/downloads/mclip.jar. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: http://bioinfoserver.rsbs.anu.edu.au/utils/mclip/info.php.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1995

Profile of HLA-B27-related 'unclassifiable' seronegative spondyloarthropathy in females and its comparison with the profile in males.

Unclassifiable seronegative spondyloarthropathy (SSA) syndrome is primarily considered to be an affliction of males. In this report from northern India, 25 HLA-B27 antigen positive females with this condition are described and compared with 39 HLA-B27-positive males with the same disease. All these patients presented with typical features of spondyloarthropathy such as predominantly lower limb synovitis, enthesopathy and inflammatory spinal pain. The onset was insidious in 56% of the females and in 64% of the males. The mean age of onset as also the mean duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis were significantly higher in females (26.2 vs 19.4 yr and 8 vs 2 yr, respectively). A mono- or oligo-arthritis was seen in 52% of the females and in 53% of the males, but the average number of joints involved was less in females (4.8 vs 7.7). Lower limb joints alone were involved in 56% of the females and 49% of the males, with the knees, ankles and hips being most commonly involved, often asymmetrically. The mean degree of symmetry was significantly lower in females (62 vs 76). Ninety-two per cent of females and 74% of males had inflammatory spinal pain. Radiographic sacroiliitis was demonstrable in 56% females and 74% males. It is concluded that 'unclassifiable' SSA syndrome is not infrequent in females but is diagnosed late. Fewer joints tend to be involved and there is greater tendency towards asymmetry in females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Profile-profile comparisons by COMPASS predict intricate homologies between protein families.

Recently we proposed a novel method of alignment-alignment comparison, COMPASS (the tool for COmparison of Multiple Protein Alignments with Assessment of Statistical Significance). Here we present several examples of the relations between PFAM protein families that were detected by COMPASS and that lead to the predictions of presently unresolved protein structures. We discuss relatively straightforward COMPASS predictions that are new and interesting to us, and that would require a substantial time and effort to justify even for a skilled PSI-BLAST user. All of the presented COMPASS hits are independently confirmed by other methods, including the ab initio structure-prediction method ROSETTA. The tertiary structure predictions made by ROSETTA proved to be useful for improving sequence-derived alignments, because they are based on a reasonable folding of the polypeptide chain rather than on the information from sequence databases. The ability of COMPASS to predict new relations within the PFAM database indicates the high sensitivity of COMPASS searches and substantiates its potential value for the discovery of previously unknown similarities between protein families.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Pharmacokinetic profile of recombinant human (rh) inhibin A and activin A in the immature rat. I. Serum profile of rh-inhibin A and rh-activin A in the immature female rat.

The serum pharmacokinetics of recombinant human inhibin A (rh-inhibin A) and rh-activin A were examined in immature female Sprague Dawley-derived rats after iv and sc injection of the drugs. After iv administration of rh-inhibin A (120 micrograms/kg), the serum concentrations were described by a biexponential equation. The weight-normalized clearance was 21.3 ml/min.kg, and the initial (t1/2 alpha) and terminal (t1/2 beta) half-lives were 2.9 min and 37.9 min, respectively. Subcutaneous administration of 120 micrograms/kg rh-inhibin A resulted in a peak serum concentration of 10.6 ng/ml at 30.8 min after injection. Approximately 24% of the sc administered material was absorbed. Serum concentrations of rh-activin A also declined biexponentially after iv injection of the drug (120 micrograms/kg). The clearance of rh-activin A was 5.1 ml/min.kg, the t1/2 alpha was 6.1 min, and the t1/2 beta was 46.3 min. The peak serum concentration of rh-activin A (104.7 ng/ml) was achieved 24.7 min after sc delivery of the drug. The bioavailability of the sc dose was 38%. Iodinated rh-inhibin A and rh-activin A were used to examine the serum forms and metabolites of the drugs. [125I]rh-inhibin A and [125I]rh-activin A associated with two serum-binding proteins. Within 2 min of iv injection, the labeled hormones bound follistatin and alpha-2-macroglobulin. Even though rh-inhibin A and rh-activin A are structurally similar and appear to bind to the same serum proteins, their disposition in the immature rat differ.

Activins↗
PubMed1989

[Hormone profile and follicle development in ovarian stimulation treatment for in vitro fertilization. II. Prolactin, estradiol and progesterone profile].

144 patients were treated by 5 different stimulation protocols in the IVF-program of the University Women's Hospital Rostock (Clomiphene/hCG, Clomiphene/Anthrogon/hCG, Pergonal/hCG, Anthrogon/hCG, Folistiman/hCG). Estradiol-17 beta and progesterone were determined during the follicular phase of 172 cycles by RIA. The results were compared between the treatment groups by means of Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney's nonparametric test. Additionally, in 37 cycles prolactin was determined. The levels of estradiol-17 beta in all treated groups were higher as compared with spontaneous cycles. Between the groups statistically significant differences were found in start and velocity of E2-rise, in the average level of E2, and in the level of preovulatory peaks. The latent phase of stimulation was significantly longer in patients treated with pergonal than in Anthrogon treated patients. Moreover, in the Anthrogon group the rate of "high responder" was higher. On average, in patients with a very fast growth rate of estradiol-17 beta (greater than 1.9 nmol/l) during the late follicular phase the percentage of less mature oocytes was increased after follicular puncture. The levels of progesterone started to rise in all groups between day-2 and -1 (day 0: day of LH-peak). On day 0, patients with Pergonal and Anthrogon had the significantly highest level. Levels above the 1s-range occurred in 12 patients during the follicular phase. This elevation of progesterone took place in 3 patients without any rise of basal LH-levels. 80.4% of 37 patients investigated were found to have prolactin levels above 500 mE/l during the late follicular phase. This transient hyperprolactinemia correlated with the rise of estradiol levels and continued during the early and mid luteal phase. Hence preventive administration of bromocryptine appears to be advisable in cycles stimulated with gonadotropins.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗