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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Immunogenicity of combination DNA vaccines for Rift Valley fever virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, Hantaan virus, and Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.

DNA vaccines for Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and Hantaan virus (HTNV), were tested in mice alone or in various combinations. The bunyavirus vaccines (RVFV, CCHFV, and HTNV) expressed Gn and Gc genes, and the flavivirus vaccine (TBEV) expressed the preM and E genes. All vaccines were delivered by gene gun. The TBEV DNA vaccine and the RVFV DNA vaccine elicited similar levels of antibodies and protected mice from challenge when delivered alone or in combination with other DNAs. Although in general, the HTNV and CCHFV DNA vaccines were not very immunogenic in mice, there were no major differences in performance when given alone or in combination with the other vaccines.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

The influence of maternal immunity on the efficacy of a classical swine fever vaccine against classical swine fever virus, genogroup 2.2, infection.

In Thailand, where vaccination is routinely employed, there has been an increased incidence of chronic classical swine fever (CSF) outbreaks during the past decade. The major causative virus has been identified to be the moderate virulence, classical swine fever virus (CSFV) of the genogroup 2.2. An investigation was made into the efficacy of a CSF vaccine against this genogroup 2.2 challenge. Five-week-old pigs, grouped by their level of passive antibody titer were immunized with lapinized Chinese-strain CSF vaccine and challenged with CSFV genogroup 2.2, 13 days after vaccination. The group containing passive titers of lower than 64 at the time of immunization, had significantly higher number of CSFV-specific IFN-gamma secreting cells and was completely protected against the challenge. Interestingly, both cellular and antibody responses were inhibited in the pigs with the higher passive titer. Furthermore, following challenge, CSFV could be isolated from 50% of the pigs in this group. It was demonstrated that the CSF vaccine could induce complete protection in pigs, provided that the maternal derived titer at the time of vaccination was lower than 64. The result implied that an increase in CSFV outbreaks might be due to the inappropriate timing of vaccination as well as the nature of the CSFV genogroup 2.2.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Reactivity of rheumatic fever and scarlet fever patients' sera with group A streptococcal M protein, cardiac myosin, and cardiac tropomyosin: a retrospective study.

Archived sera (collected in 1946) from acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and untreated scarlet fever and/or pharyngitis patients were reacted with streptococcal M protein, cardiac myosin, and cardiac tropomyosin. Except for very low levels to tropomyosin, antibodies to other antigens were not elevated in the sera of ARF patients relative to those of non-ARF patients, even though there was roughly equivalent exposure to group A streptococci. This suggests that antibodies to these molecules may not play a central role in the induction of ARF.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

[Fever and abdominal pain. A case of familial mediterranean fever].

Familial mediterranean fever (FMF) is an hereditary disease transmitted in an autosomal recessive way and characterized by recurrent and brief episodes of fever and pain secondary to serositis. The pain is usually located in abdomen simulating an acute abdomen, and in thorax in the form of pleuritic pain. The most severe complication of the FMF is the development of amyloidosis being the main cause of death. This illness affects an specific ethnic group of the mediterranean area, but the prevalence in our area is low. We present the case of a 30 years old man with recurrent thoracic and abdominal pain, whose final diagnostic was FMF. Insisting on the difficulty that it was recognize this proper illness.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1991

Prolonged fever and pyuria: an uncommon manifestation of Q fever.

A patient with Q fever is described who had been ill for a year before the diagnosis was made on the basis of serological data. In addition it was possible to isolate Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent by culture from the urine. This is very exceptional and is to our knowledge only the second case in which this has been achieved. The patient made a full recovery after lengthy treatment with tetracycline. Q fever should be considered in patients with pyrexia of unknown origin, particularly in travellers.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Neutralization of African swine fever virus by sera from African swine fever-resistant pigs.

Sera from African swine fever-resistant pigs with infection-inhibitory activity decreased virus replication in infected porcine buffy coat cultures. This same effect was observed even after virus was adsorbed. The infection-inhibition was not reversed by removing the immune serum from the assay cultures. Reduction of African swine fever virus replication by immune sera was demonstrated by fluorescent focus assay on MS cell line cultures. Virus-neutralization tests showed a persistent fraction of non-neutralized virus, which was not demonstrable by infection-inhibition tests. One hypothesis for explaining this difference is proposed.

African Swine Fever↗
PubMed1985

[Use of stabilized yellow fever vaccine 17D at the time of the yellow fever epidemic in Burkina Faso in 1983].

During the 1983 yellow fever epidemic in Burkina Faso, vaccinations were performed with a stabilized yellow fever 17D vaccine. Samples of vaccine were collected in different places during the vaccination campaigns. The virus titers of these samples were compared with those of vaccine samples of the same batches stored at--20 degree C in the Institut Pasteur in Dakar. There was no significant decrease of the titer when the vaccine had been stored in the conditions recommended by the expanded programme on immunization. The results confirm the experimental data on the stability of this vaccine. A serological survey carried out in young children showed that about 90% have hemagglutination inhibition antibodies following the vaccination.

Burkina Faso↗
PubMed1994

[Liver involvement in Q fever and Mediterranean boutonneuse fever. Comparative study].

Rickettsia spp. infections produce hepatic damage with transaminases elevation and biological signs of cholostasis. Classical biochemical tests of hepatic function were analyzed and compared in 8 patients with Q Fever (QF) and 7 with Boutonneuse Mediterranean Fever (BMF). Liver enlargement was detected in 75% of the QF group of patients as compared with the 57% of the BMF group. Transaminases were raised in 75% of the patients of the QF group and in 85, 7% of the BMF patients. Only one patient in the QF group showed manifest clinical jaundice. Statistically significant differences were found between the values of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and GGT, which were higher in the QF group. Liver involvement is more important in patients with QF than in FBM. There is a large percentage of clinically silent involvement in both diseases. Liver function tests should be carried out in infections by Rickettsia spp.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Fever and survival in the rat. The effect of enhancing fever.

To study the effect of fever on infectious disease in a mammal, rats, partially restrained by an antirotatory device and with chronically implanted preoptic thermodes, were injected with Salmonella enteritidis and, in some of them, the hypothalamus was then continuously cooled to enhance the febrile response. All animals developed a fever that peaked 2 days after the infection, reaching 40.9 +/- 0.2 (SD) degrees C in the nine hypothalamic cooled and only 39.8 +/- 0.4 degrees C in the 13 control animals (P less than 0.001). All the hypothalamic cooled animals died within 8 days of infection, whereas only 23% of the controls had died after 28 days of infection (P = 0.0006). When the hypothalamus was continuously cooled in five uninfected animals, rectal temperature increased to 40.9 +/- 0.3 degrees C but 24 h later it had decreased to 39.6 +/- 0.3 (P less than 0.025). This decrease in body temperature suggests that the hypothalamic thermosensors had partially lost their effectiveness. It is concluded that cooling the hypothalamus increases the mortality rate in rats infected with S. enteritidis and that this effect could be mediated by the high body temperature or by the concomitant metabolic and endocrine responses thus induced.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Sequences and coding strategies of the S RNAs of Toscana and Rift Valley fever viruses compared to those of Punta Toro, Sicilian Sandfly fever, and Uukuniemi viruses.

The sequences and coding strategies of the S RNAs of two viruses, Toscana (TOS) and the M12 derivative of Rift Valley fever ZH-548 (RVF, Phlebovirus genus, Bunyaviridae) have been determined from cDNA clones and compared to the previously published sequences of Punta Toro (PT), Sandfly fever Sicilian (SFS), and Uukuniemi (UUK) viruses. All five viruses exhibit an ambisense coding strategy for their small (S) RNA species, i.e., one gene product (the NSs protein) is encoded in the 5' half of the viral RNA, a second (the N protein) is encoded in the sequence complementary to the 3' half. The terminal nucleotides of the S RNAs of the five viruses are comparable through 13-14 residues. The 3' and 5' ends of these S RNAs have inverted complementary compositions. Three phleboviruses (TOS, SFS, and RVFV) exhibit comparable G-rich, centrally located intergenic sequences, albeit of different lengths. These sequences have a number of similar motifs at, or immediately following, the end of the coding regions, motifs that may be involved in their S mRNA transcription termination processes. The other two viruses (UUK, PT) have AT-rich intergenic sequences that have the potential to form secondary structure. They lack the G-rich sequences or particular sequence motifs recognized in the other three virus RNAs. The deduced sizes of the TOS and RVFV N proteins are 27,704 and 27,430 kDa (respectively). Their NSS proteins are 36,677 and 29,903 kDa (respectively). When aligned, the deduced sequences of the N proteins of the five viruses exhibit homologies ranging from 54 to 30%. The order of homology to RVFV N protein is PT greater than TOS greater than SFS greater than UUK; to TOS N protein it is PT greater than or equal to RVF greater than SFS greater than UUK. The sequences of the NSS proteins are less similar, with values ranging from 30 to less than 17%. The order of homology to RVFV NSS is SFS greater than PT greater than TOS greater than UUK. Due to these more distant relationships, the homologies to TOS NSS protein are less clear.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Chest pain and ST elevation associated with fever in patients with asymptomatic Brugada syndrome: fever and chest pain in Brugada syndrome.

Brugada syndrome is a disease with a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Genetic mutations of the cardiac sodium channel are linked to the characteristic electrocardiogram abnormality of Brugada syndrome. Dysfunction of the mutated sodium channel is reported to be temperature-sensitive. We experienced two patients with asymptomatic Brugada syndrome who showed significant ST elevation in precordial leads while they were in a febrile state. Moreover, these patients had chest pain during precordial ST elevation. From these cases, asymptomatic Brugada syndrome should be considered as one of differential diagnoses when we examine the patients who complained of fever and chest pain. Furthermore, we should lower the elevated body temperature in patients with Brugada syndrome, because fever caused spontaneous ST elevation leading to fatal ventricular arrhythmias.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Prevalence of antibodies to spotted fever group rickettsiae in human beings and dogs from and endemic area of mediterranean spotted fever in Catalonia, Spain.

We assessed the prevalence of antibodies to spotted fever group rickettsiae in human beings and dogs by indirect immunofluorescence in the region of 'Vallés Occidental', Barcelona (Spain). In the group of 150 serum samples from patients without former history of Mediterranean spotted fever, 12 had antibodies to Rickettsia conori. The overall seroprevalence was 8% (95% confidence interval, 4.6% to 13.5%). There were no statistically significant differences between the mean ages of patients with positive and negative antibodies to R. conorii. However, seropositivity was significantly more common among patients living in semi-rural areas. In the group of 138 dog serum samples, 36 (26.1%) sera had antibodies to R. conorii. When the present results were compared with those obtained in a previous seroepidemiological survey carried out in the same geographical region in 1987, no significant differences were found. Therefore, although the epidemiological markers have dropped, this does not absolutely confirm the decrease of the presence of R. conorii in this area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Studies of endotoxin-dependent fever in pre-pubertal pigs following acute activation of the pituitary-adrenocortical axis: towards a new hypothesis of fever regulation.

The possibility that adrenocortical activation might alter the pyretic effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide endotoxin in growing pigs was investigated. In a series of four experiments, animals received increasing doses of porcine adrenocorticotrophic hormone ACTH (1.5, 4.5, 13.5 IU kg-1) or CRH (7 microg kg-1), all of which markedly affected cortisol release. Unexpectedly, these treatments tended to increase body temperature during the early and middle stages of the febrile response, although they did appear to induce an earlier deferscence. These results suggest that acute stress may not modify fever induced by immunological challenge, although a different situation could obtain during chronic stress. Furthermore, a hypothesis of fever regulation is proposed which attempts to reconcile the present findings with those from previous studies in swine.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1988

A case of periodic fever--reevaluation of etiocholanolone fever as an established clinical entity.

A case of periodic fever is reported in a 28-year-old male. The patient's clinical and laboratory findings fulfilled diagnostic criteria for etiocholanolone fever (EF). The most crucial endocrine data comprised higher values of both urinary etiocholanolone/androsterone ratio and plasma unconjugated etiocholanolone on febrile days, as compared to the values on afebrile days. However, the author hesitates to promptly diagnose him as EF, because of arguments against EF as an isolated clinical entity, and also because of the presence of auto-antibodies suggestive of an early stage of collagen disease(s). If the patient should develop a florid collagen disease in later clinical course, this case could be another evidence against EF as an established clinical entity, thus a careful follow-up is needed.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1983

Etiologic studies of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome).

Two strains of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) virus were isolated from the lung tissues of Apodemus agrarius mice that were captured in an area where EHF is endemic. The strains were isolated by passages in A. agrarius mice from a nonendemic area. Identification of the isolates by usual procedures was confirmed by repeated blind tests with coded sera. Contamination with certain known viruses such as reovirus, adenovirus (types 3 and 7), and other pathogens, such as murine typhus rickettsiae and Leptospira, which may be naturally present in wild rodents, appeared to have been ruled out. The antigen slides made from these isolates are in use in the specific diagnosis and seroepidemiologic studies of EHF. The first successful application is the serodiagnosis of a mild type of hemorrhagic fever that occurs with characteristic epidemiologic features in certain provinces of China.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Circulating and ex vivo production of pyrogenic cytokines and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in 123 patients with fever of unknown origin. The Netherlands Fever of Unknown Origin Study Group.

Circulating and ex vivo production of interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 receptor antagonist (ra) and the diagnostic utility of these cytokines were studied in 123 patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO). Diagnoses were infections, 28; neoplasms, 14; noninfectious inflammatory diseases (NIID), 32; miscellaneous diseases, 10; and none made, 39. IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-1ra concentrations were higher in patients with infections, neoplasms, and NIID than in healthy controls. Patients with infections had higher concentrations of TNF-alpha than controls. The ex vivo production of IL-1beta and IL-1ra in all patients with FUO did not differ from that in controls; however, production of TNF-alpha was lower in patients with neoplasms and NIID, and IL-6 production was lower in patients with neoplasms. Thirty-five patients with fever did not have elevated cytokines. Although some significant differences were found among the diagnostic subgroups, there was wide variation. Thus, measurement of these cytokines does not aid in the diagnosis of FUO.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Epidemiology of boutonneuse fever in western Sicily. Distribution and prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsial infection in dog ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus).

The distribution and prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsial infection in the ixodid dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus were found to occur at a rate of 19.7% with variation related to geographic and sociooccupational factors. A higher rate of infection was demonstrated in ticks removed from dogs associated with documented cases of boutonneuse fever. The results fit into available clinical and seroepidemiologic data on Rickettsia conorii infection in western Sicily.

Animals↗