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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Long-term effects on lipids and lipoproteins of pioglitazone versus gliclazide addition to metformin and pioglitazone versus metformin addition to sulphonylurea in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to determine the long-term effects of pioglitazone add-on to metformin or sulphonylurea on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effects of pioglitazone were studied in two clinical trials in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c > or =7.5 and < or =11%). In the first trial, patients currently receiving metformin were randomised to pioglitazone (15-45 mg/day, n=317) or gliclazide (80-320 mg/day, n=313) add-on therapy. In the second study, pioglitazone (15-45 mg/day, n=319) or metformin (850-2,550 mg/day, n=320) was added to sulphonylurea therapy. Patients were force-titrated to the maximum tolerated dose of add-on therapy, which was maintained to the 2-year endpoint. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with respect to HbA1c reduction from baseline to week 104. Whether added to metformin or sulphonylurea, pioglitazone caused highly significant greater decreases in triglycerides and increases in HDL cholesterol from baseline to week 104 than treatments with gliclazide or metformin add-on therapies (p< or =0.001). The triglyceride reductions noted with pioglitazone were maintained over time, with decreases of 16-18% at 1 year and 17-23% at 2 years. In the pioglitazone groups, the improvement in HDL cholesterol at 1 year was maintained, with 21-22% augmentations at 2 years (p<0.001 between-group difference). Small but statistically significant greater reductions in LDL cholesterol were observed with gliclazide vs pioglitazone add-on to metformin and metformin vs pioglitazone add-on to sulphonylurea (p<0.001 for between-group difference). In the pioglitazone groups, mean LDL cholesterol at 2 years was similar to mean baseline LDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: After 2 years, highly significant decreases in triglycerides and increases in HDL cholesterol that were sustained over time or even improved were observed when pioglitazone was added to metformin or sulphonylurea therapy. These effects of pioglitazone on lipids may be potentially beneficial in reducing cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Theoretical calculation of ionization potentials for disubstituted benzenes: additivity vs non-additivity of substituent effects

The ionization potentials of 55 para- and 55 meta-disubstituted benzenes, consisting of all binary combinations of electron-withdrawing groups (-NO2, -CF3, -CHO, -COOH) and electron-donating groups (-Cl, -CH3, -OH, -OCH3, -NH2, and -N(CH3)2) have been calculated using density functional theory with the B3LYP functional and a 6-31G(d) basis set. Relative ionization potentials (delta IP), referred to benzene, are compared with experimental values and shown to be in good agreement. The disubstituted data were correlated with monosubstituted delta IP data and shown to require quadratic terms in order to achieve a good fit; the validity of this conclusion was possible due to the low scatter in the calculated data. A simple MO analysis gives a semiquantitative interpretation of the observed trends in substitutent effects, including a discussion of combinations of substituents for which nonadditivity should be expected.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Can positron emission tomography with [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose after first-line treatment distinguish Hodgkin's disease patients who need additional therapy from others in whom additional therapy would mean avoidable toxicity?

To assess the ability of restaging positron emission tomography (PET) scanning to predict clinical outcome after first-line treatment in patients with Hodgkin's disease, we included 60 patients with histologically proven HD, who underwent whole-body [(18)F]-fluorodeoxygenase ([(18)F]-FDG)-PET studies after first-line treatment and with a follow-up of at least 1 year. Persistence or absence of residual disease on PET was related to progression-free survival (PFS) using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. After treatment, 55 patients showed a normal [(18)F]-FDG-PET scan; 50 of 55 remained in complete remission (CR), with a median follow-up of 955 d. Only five patients relapsed (median PFS, 296 d). During follow-up in all five patients, [(18)F]-FDG-PET was the first tool that became positive for relapse. Persistent abnormal [(18)F]-FDG uptake was seen in only five patients; all of them relapsed (median PFS, 296 d). In four of five patients, only PET predicted persistent disease. All relapses were proven histologically. Two-year actuarial PFS rate for negative patients was 91% compared with 0% for positive patients. We concluded that [(18)F]-FDG-PET has an important prognostic role in the post-treatment evaluation of HD patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Clusterin expression distinguishes follicular dendritic cell tumors from other dendritic cell neoplasms: report of a novel follicular dendritic cell marker and clinicopathologic data on 12 additional follicular dendritic cell tumors and 6 additional interdigitating dendritic cell tumors.

While tumors of dendritic cell lineage may have overlapping histomorphologic features, most but not all cases can be classified using an immunohistochemical panel, including CD21, CD23, CD35, CD1a, and S-100. Based on observations that clusterin is expressed in benign follicular dendritic cells, clusterin expression in 32 dendritic cell tumors was evaluated. Diffuse strong staining for clusterin was seen in 12 of 12 follicular dendritic cell tumors. Two of these cases were negative for traditional markers (CD21, CD23, CD35); they were classified based on characteristic ultrastructural features. Three of 6 interdigitating dendritic cell tumors were negative for clusterin and 3 showed focal weak positivity. Clusterin staining in Langerhans cell histiocytosis ranged from negative (6 of 14) to weak/moderate (8 of 14). Follicular dendritic cell tumors behaved as benign tumors or low-grade sarcomas. Interdigitating dendritic cell tumors demonstrated a widely variable behavior, ranging from benign to rapidly fatal disease. Based on this initial study, strong clusterin staining supports a diagnosis of follicular dendritic cell tumor. Thus, staining for clusterin is useful in classification of dendritic cell tumors, particularly when the more common markers of follicular dendritic cells are not expressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Modification of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin for safe debonding of orthodontic brackets--influence of the addition of degradable additives or fluoride compound.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of modified 4-META/MMA-TBB resin cements (Superbond C&B) in terms of debonding orthodontic brackets easily and safely from enamel without the loss of proper bracket bond strength. Poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), calcium fluoride (CaF2), or alpha-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) was added to the polymer powder of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin, and the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets to human enamel using modified resins was measured before and after 10,000-cycle thermal cycling test between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C. The modified resins tended to provide lower bond strength compared with the original 4-META/MMA-TBB resin. However, alpha-TCP- or CaF2-modified resin showed no significant differences in bond strength before and after thermal cycling. Moreover, there was a tendency of more residual resin remaining on the tooth surface after debonding, thereby suggesting a lower risk of enamel fracture. In conclusion, alpha-TCP- or CaF2-modified 4-META/MMA-TBB resin seemed to allow easy and safe debonding of orthodontic brackets without loss of proper bracket bond strength.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1998

Privacy Act of 1974; addition of routine uses to an existing system of records--HRSA. Notification of an addition of routine uses to an existing system of records.

In accordance with the requirements of the Privacy Act, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) is publishing a proposal to add three new routine uses for the records in System of Records 09-15-0056, National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP), BHPr/ HRSA/HHS. HRSA proposes to specify the categories of records in the system, and to expand the list of routine use in record disclosures to include disclosures for research purposes, disclosures to annuity brokers, and disclosures to employees of life insurance companies for the purposes of providing benefits to recipients under the VICP.

Forms and Records Control↗