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PubMed2004

[Expression of MUC5AC in human nasal polyp and inferior turbinate epithelium].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of MUC5AC in human nasal polyp and inferior turbinate epithelium, to evaluate the relationship between MUC5AC and the increased mucous secretions in polyps and chronic hypertrophy rhinitis. METHOD: With immunohistochemistry ABC and HE dyeing, twenty-seven polyps, nineteen chronic hypertrophy rhinitis and eleven normal inferior turbinates epithelium were applied to this study. RESULT: The number of MUC5AC+ cells in nasal polyps and chronic hypertrophy rhinitis was significantly bigger than that in normal inferior turbinates (P < 0.05), and the MUC5AC+ cells were mainly concentrate on the goblet cells. CONCLUSION: MUC5AC is highly expressed in epithelium of human polyps and chronic hypertrophy rhinitis inferior turbinates, and MUC5AC takes part in increasing secretion in polyps and chronic hypertrophy rhinitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Fibrous dysplasia of middle turbinate associated with Widal syndrome: endoscopic treatment of a rare case.

Fibrous dysplasia, a rare bony disease, is characterised by substitution of normal bone with immature tissue embedded in a fibrous stroma. It can be either monostotic or involve several bones. Fibrous dysplasia is usually asymptomatic but, in the advanced stage, pain due to neural compression or pathological fractures may occur. In the case of cranio-facial involvement, ocular, masticatory, respiratory or auditory functional alterations are possible. A case of fibrous dysplasia, limited to the middle turbinate and associated with Widal triad (sinus-nasal polyposis, asthma, acetyl salicylic acid intolerance), is described. Craniofacial computed tomography revealed enlargement of left middle turbinate with characteristic "ground-glass" appearance. The patient underwent anterior bilateral functional endoscopic sinus surgery with near-total resection of left middle turbinate. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia. After 2 years the patient is still asymptomatic. Videorhinoscopy shows good sinus-nasal patency without disease recurrence. Even though exceptional, localization of fibrous dysplasia at middle turbinate has been described, therefore, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of the craniofacial ossifying disorder. For localized and symptomatic lesions, endoscopic surgery is an effective option. Scrupulous life-long follow-up is necessary due to the high percentage of recurrence and possible malignant degeneration.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Results of temperature-controlled radiofrequency tissue volume reduction for the turbinate hypertrophy.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy of temperature-controlled radiofrequency tissue volume reduction (RFTVR) for the inferior turbinate. RESEARCH DESIGNS: Prospective, single-blinded, experimental clinical trial. METHOD: Twenty patients with nasal obstruction secondary to inferior turbinate hypertrophy were enrolled. Nasal obstruction was compared between before and after the treatment (at 1-3 days, 1 week and 6-8 weeks) of RFTVR using subjective symptom scores, physical findings and videotape images. RESULTS: Improvement of nasal symptoms was observed as early as 1 week after the operation. However, significant improvement was obtained at 6-8 weeks. CONCLUSION: RFTVR for the turbinate may be useful as an alternative approach for the treatment of chronic turbinate hypertrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Culture and identification of microvascular endotheliocytes from human nasal inferior turbinate tissue].

OBJECTIVE: To study the method of culturing human nasal inferior turbinate endotheliocytes in vitro, and to provide the study base for nasal-related disease. METHOD: The endotheliocytes from human nasal inferior turbinate were gotten in nasal surgery and cultured in vitro. RESULT: We got human nasal inferior turbinate microvascular endotheliocytes in vitro, and confirmed them by immunity fluorescence. CONCLUSION: Human nasal inferior turbinate microvascular endotheliocytes can be cultured in vitro, and be used in the studies of nasal-related disease.

Capillaries↗
PubMed2001

Heat transfer and flow characteristics on a gas turbine shroud.

The work described in this paper is an experimental investigation of the heat transfer from the main flow to a turbine shroud surface, which may be applicable to ceramic gas turbines. Three kinds of turbine shrouds are considered with a flat surface, a taper surface and a spiral groove surface opposite to the blades in an axial flow turbine of actual turbo-charger. Heat transfer measurements were performed for the experimental conditions of a uniform heat flux or a uniform wall temperature. The effects of the inlet flow angle, rotational speed, and tip clearance on the heat transfer coefficient were clarified under on- and off-design flow conditions. The mean heat transfer coefficient was correlated to the blade Reynolds number and tip clearance, and compared with an experimental correlation and measurements of a flat surface. A comparison was also made for the measurement of static pressure distributions.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

The development of the dental high-speed air turbine handpiece. Part 1.

The high-speed air turbine handpiece is currently used for most dental cutting procedures and has been in widespread use for more than thirty years. Although reports of its historical background have been previously published these have not dealt with all relevant developments and some inconsistencies exist. The history of the development of turbines and their application in dental cutting systems from the late 19th century to the present day is now reviewed. An historical account of the recognition of benefits that may accrue from rotary cutting at increased speeds is given and the various attempts that have been made to design equipment capable of high speeds are discussed. Consideration is given to the development of non-rotary cutting devices, as is the failure of these adequately to replace the air turbine handpiece for routine work. It is concluded that the air turbine handpiece will continue to hold a leading position in the field for some years to come but that future improvements would be facilitated by the development of an understanding of the theoretical aspects of its behaviour.

Dental High-Speed Equipment↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the cutting efficiencies of electric motor and air turbine dental handpieces.

As part of a larger comprehensive performance evaluation to determine whether electric motor handpieces are a suitable substitute for air turbine handpieces in a portable field dental treatment and operating system, the cutting efficiencies of electric motor and air turbine handpieces were compared. A device was made that applies an identical cutting force to a glass ceramic material for each handpiece tested. The laboratory results show that with equal amounts of applied force, the electric motor handpiece cuts a glass ceramic material significantly more efficiently (volume of material removed per second) than does the air turbine. In clinical trials, after minimal experience utilizing the electric motor, the majority of dentists felt that the electric motor cut tooth and amalgam more efficiently than did the air turbine.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2005

[Expressions of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in epithelial cells of nasal polyps and normal turbinate mucosae].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in human nasal polyps. METHOD: CFTR were studied in 28 cases of nasal polyps and 7 cases of normal turbinate mucosae with immunochemistry staining. RESULT: (1) CFTR was detected in the two tissues and localized mainly in epithelial cells and secretory cells. Its staining showed a more prominent feature in nasal polyps than in normal turbinate mucosae. CFTR showed a typical apical distribution in the normal turbinate mucosae whereas, in the nasal polyps, CFTR demonstrated the other pattern of localization comprising cytoplasmic distribution and typical apical location. (2) Both the CFTR staining intensity of apical and cytoplasmic distribution in the epithelial cell layer from nasal polyps were higher than those from turbinates (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 respectively). CONCLUSION: Over expression and dysfunction of the chloride channels CFTR may play a role in the formation of nasal polyps.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Studies on the performance of the dental air turbine handpieces. (Part 1). Air pressure and bur length to be influenced over the rotational performance of the air bearing type handpieces (author's transl)].

Air turbine handpieces are used as the dental cutting instruments for the clinical use and many appliances. But, there are no studies on the performance of air turbine handpieces. So, this paper shows the rotational performance of air turbine handpieces which are influenced over the supplying air pressure and cutting bur length. Experimentally used air turbine handpieces is air bearing type and it's set up air pressure to be supplied is 3.5 kg/cm2. So, in this experiments, the range of air pressure is 1.8 approximately 3.5 kg/cm2, which is established five stages. And the bur length of the rotational parts is 5 approximately 9 mm with five steps. As the results, the rotational performance of air handpieces are influenced over these factors of the air pressure and the bur length. And air pressure to be supplied are influenced to be not only over the rotational speed but the load for the putting a stop to the revolutions.

Air Pressure↗
PubMed1980

[Noise-induced hearing loss caused by dental turbines].

Sound level measurements and third octave analyses were carried out to estimate the risk of hearing impairment caused by working the turbine drills. Idling noise of two turbines equipped with ball-bearings and air-bearings respectively and the effects of different burs under varying load conditions in particular were examined. Finally, the background sound level in a great consulting room of a dental clinic at medium activity was looked at. Without any exception the sound levels were situated below 85 dB (A). The sound level exceeded 80 dB in only a few third octave bands; this was the case only with the antiquated ball-bearing turbine. Working with turbine drills requires only a fraction of the total treatment duration, resulting in a very low equivalent sound level. As a consequence a hearing impairment risk may be excluded within the reach of this investigation.

Dental High-Speed Equipment↗
PubMed1993

Persistence of tick-derived Anaplasma marginale in cultured bovine turbinate and endothelial cells.

Anaplasma marginale from salivary glands of Dermacentor andersoni was used to inoculate monolayers of bovine turbinate and endothelial cells. Monolayers were passaged at 2 or 4 week intervals and monitored with light and electron microscopy and with an A. marginale-specific DNA probe. Intracellular inclusions were observed in turbinate cells after 2-4 weeks. The number of inclusion-bearing cells increased over 1-2 weeks and gradually disappeared. A radiolabeled fragment from within the msp1 beta gene of the erythrocytic stage of A. marginale hybridized to DNA extracted from bovine turbinate cell cultures as late as 7 weeks post inoculation (passage 4). Individual rickettsiae were observed with electron microscopy in samples taken at this time. Susceptible calves inoculated with suspect cultures did not develop clinical anaplasmosis but did develop significant antibody titers as detected with ELISA. DNA from endothelial cell cultures at 9 weeks post inoculation also bound the Anaplasma-specific DNA probe. Anaplasma marginale from salivary glands of D. andersoni appears to persist in cultured bovine turbinate and endothelial cells but typical development and infectivity for bovines do not occur.

Anaplasma↗
PubMed2007

Epithelial shedding of the inferior turbinate in perennial allergic and nonallergic rhinitis: a riddle to solve.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the epithelial integrity of the inferior turbinate in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) and perennial nonallergic (vasomotor) rhinitis (PNAR). DESIGN: Nonrandomized, controlled morphometric study. SETTING: University-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS: Fifty-eight inferior turbinate samples were processed for histological study. Nineteen were from patients with PAR, and 20 were from patients with PNAR. Samples from 19 healthy individuals who underwent rhinoplasty for cosmetic reasons served as control specimens. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The length of the basement membrane (BM) covered with intact epithelium, covered with a single layer of basal cells, and devoid of epithelium was measured. RESULTS: Intact respiratory epithelium and areas of partial and complete epithelial denudation were encountered in control specimens and in samples from patients with PAR and PNAR. A significant difference was found between the 3 groups (P = .001). The proportion of the BM covered with undamaged epithelium was significantly greater in control specimens and in samples from patients with PNAR than in samples from patients with PAR; the difference between the former 2 groups was nonsignificant. Most of the epithelial damage in patients with PAR occurred between columnar and basal cells rather than between basal cells and the BM (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial shedding of the inferior turbinate is a genuine feature of PAR and is not an artifact of tissue sampling. The finding of greater epithelial exfoliation between basal cells and the more superficial columnar cells than between basal cells and the BM probably reflects different attachment qualities of these cells.

Epithelial Cells↗
PubMed1986

Anterior turbinectomy. A new surgical approach to turbinate hypertrophy: a review of 220 cases.

Surgical correction of mechanical nasal airway obstruction is commonly treated by septoplasty. The nasal airflow, however, is often inadequate postoperatively. The inferior turbinates are responsible for nasal obstruction more often than is realized. Recent studies have confirmed that the main site of respiratory resistance is located at the level of the anterior ends of the inferior turbinates. A new turbinectomy approach in which the anterior end of the inferior turbinate is resected with a specially modified forceps is described. A large series of patients, along with their follow-up data, are described. The advantages of the anterior turbinectomy are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Diode laser treatment of hyperplastic inferior nasal turbinates.

UNLABELLED: Background and Objective Different laser types have been used for the treatment of hyperplastic inferior nasal turbinates. The clinical experiences of its treatment by means of a diode laser are presented. Study Design/Materials and Methods A total of 76 patients suffering from nasal obstruction due to hyperplastic inferior nasal turbinates were treated with a continuous diode laser (wavelength of lambda = 940 nm, laser parameter 10 W/energy/turbinate 5 kJ) in "noncontact" mode and under local anesthesia. All patients were refractory to conservative medical treatment. Fifty patients (26 of 50 [52%] with allergic rhinitis and 24 of 50 [48%] with vasomotor rhinitis) were included into this clinical trial with a follow-up of 1 year. The study was conducted by a questionnaire, photo documentation, allergy test, mucociliary clearance test, rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry, conventional radiology of the paranasal sinuses, and histology. RESULTS: The mean operation time took 6 min/turbinate, no nasal packing was necessary and no immediate complications (e.g., major bleeding) were observed. During the first 2-4 weeks, nasal obstruction was correlated to the extent of postoperative edema and nasal crusting. Statistical analysis revealed significant improvement of the nasal airflow (rhinomanometry) and nasal cavity volume (acoustic rhinometry) 6 months and 1 year after laser surgery, respectively. A total of 86% of the patients described a subjective improvement of nasal airflow 6 months and 76% of the patients 1 year after laser treatment. The mucociliary function test showed no significant variation in comparison to the preoperative measurements 1 year after laser treatment. CONCLUSION: Diode laser treatment of hyperplastic inferior nasal turbinates is a useful procedure, which can be performed as an outpatient surgery under local anesthesia, resulting in a controlled coagulation and ablation of the soft tissue. The short operation time and the good results provide an excellent patient acceptance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Another CT sign of sinonasal polyposis: truncation of the bony middle turbinate.

In order to study the features of sinonasal polyposis (SNP) on CT, 100 consecutive coronal sinus CT examinations done for chronic inflammatory sinonasal disease were reviewed. The CT findings of the 27 fully documented SNPs were analyzed. All our SNPs were bilateral. There was a strong tendency for extensive involvement. Nasal polyps were seen in 22 of 27(81%); bony trabecular deossification in 23 of 27 (85%); widening of infundibulum in 26 of 27 (96%). We discovered a new sign "truncation of the bony middle turbinate", where the bulbous part of bony middle turbinate was missing, in 15 of 26 (58%) of SNP patients without a previous history of middle turbinectomy, 12 of 15(80%) were bilateral. The one SNP patient (1 of 27) with previous middle turbinectomy was not regarded to be real truncation. Truncation of the bony middle turbinate is a characteristic and easily recognizable ancillary sign, and is not seen in other patterns of sinusitis. Together with other features on coronal sinus CT, this adds diagnostic confidence in diagnosing sinonasal polyposis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ossifying fibroma of the middle turbinate: a case report.

Ossifying fibromas (OFs) are rare, benign, nonaggressive fibroosseous tumors that are commonly seen in head and neck region. They show aggressive pattern when the midface and paranasal sinuses are involved. We report a 28-year-old woman with OF of the middle turbinate. Computed tomography images of the nasal cavity showed monostotic hyperdense lesion confined to middle turbinate. En bloc excision was performed. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis as OF. Our case is of particular interest because it is, to our knowledge, the first documented case of OF arising from the middle turbinate.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Radiofrequency treatment of turbinate hypertrophy: a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate the short-term efficacy of radiofrequency volumetric tissue reduction (RFVTR) in treating nasal obstruction in subjects with inferior turbinate hypertrophy. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a prospective, randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial with crossover option, involving 32 patients and performed in a clinical office setting at the University of Oklahoma Medical Center. RESULTS: The outcomes were measured using 10-cm visual analog scales (VASs) before treatment and at 8 weeks and 6 months posttreatment. Improvement was shown in frequency of obstruction, severity of obstruction, and overall ability to breathe for both the placebo and RFVTR treatment arms at 8 weeks (P < 0.05). The amount of improvement, however, was significantly better in the treatment arm compared with placebo for the severity of obstruction and overall ability-to-breathe categories. At 6 months, the mean improvement scores were significantly better than the pretreatment scores for all 3 categories. CONCLUSIONS: RFVTR is an effective alternative for the treatment of patients with nasal obstruction due to inferior turbinate hypertrophy. SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first randomized trial that demonstrates that RFVTR is significantly better than placebo in treating nasal obstruction due to inferior turbinate hypertrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Submucous electrocautery following submucous resection of turbinate bone--a rationale of surgical treatment for allergic rhinitis.

OBJECTIVE: Since the majority of the key elements such as trigeminal nerves, parasympathetic nerves, nasal glands, and blood vessels targeted by histamine and leukotrienes are found in the lamina propria of the nasal mucosa, its selective electrocautery has a rationale to improve the symptoms of allergic rhinitis with preservation of epithelial layer. To achieve the above goal, we performed the submucous electrocautery of the lamina propria (SECLP) following the submucous resection of the inferior turbinate bone (submucous turbinectomy: SMT). This paper discusses the efficacy of this procedure for the patients with persistent perennial allergic rhinitis. METHODS: An intranasal initial incision was made along the piriform aperture. The mucoperiosteum was elevated from the inferior turbinate bone followed by its complete resection. The SECLP was performed by applying a high-frequency coagulation current with a ball tip electrode, which was inserted into the mucoperiosteal sack after the completion of the SMT and was drawn forward on the medial surface of the mucoperiosteum with drawing a wavy line. We performed this surgery in 43 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis who were refractory to pharmacotherapy or were reluctant to take medicine. Symptoms, macroscopic intranasal findings, the results of allergic tests, nasal resistance, mucociliary function with saccharin, and the number of mast cells were compared pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS: The patients exhibited satisfactory improvement in symptoms only with a few crust formations. The macroscopic intranasal findings and allergic tests improved after surgery. Saccharin transport time remained normal. The number of anti-tryptase positive mast cells significantly decreased in the epithelial layer and in the superficial layer of the lamina propria of the postoperative inferior turbinate mucosa. CONCLUSION: The SECLP following the SMT is evaluated to be a useful surgical modality for allergic rhinitis with preservation of the nasal mucosal function.

Adolescent↗