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[Legal international migration across the northern frontier of Mexico].

The impact of the Simpson-Rodino Law of 1986, which increased legal commuting labor migration across the Mexican-U.S. border, is examined using data from surveys undertaken in 1986 and 1990. "Using these data and LOGIT regression models which include variables related to individuals as well as their household members and their context, statistical evidence is generated in support of the propositions that, i) an expansion occurred of the spectrum of social strata incurring in this type of migration; ii) the selectivity characteristics of new entrants into this migration group show a reproduction strategy oriented toward upward mobility; and iii) contextual factors led to a geographic redistribution of the commuter migrant group in the state of Baja California." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Americas↗
PubMed1980

The role of returned migrants in England's poorest region.

"Work on the growing international phenomenon of return migration requires a base of comparative knowledge on the less conspicuous process of inter-regional return migration. Three questionnaire studies in the North-East of England identified about one-quarter of respondents as 'returned migrants' to that region. This group [is] attracted to work in new factories, but their economic status has not been markedly improved by geographic mobility."

Demography↗
PubMed1988

A note on the modelling of circular smallholder migration.

"It is argued that circular migration [in Africa] should be seen as an optimization problem, where the household allocates its labour resources across activities, including work which requires migration, so as to maximize the joint family utility function. The migration problem is illustrated in a simple diagram, which makes it possible to analyse economic aspects of migration."

Africa↗
PubMed1988

Socio-economic stratification generated by international migration loops.

This paper analyzes the migration phenomenon within a framework that treats migration movements as continuous loops, from the country of origin to the destination and back. Significant social-psychological factors at each step of the loop process contribute to the development of migration streams along a predictable pattern. The general model of the loop process shows that the migration stream is 1st sparked when labor is recruited from less developed countries for work in developed industrialized countries. Once the social process of migration has begun, it tends to acquire a self-feeding character. Social and economic change in sending and receiving societies brought about by migration make further migration more likely. The case of the Mexico-US-Mexico loop process is analyzed. This case illustrates the effects of socioeconomic stratification that occurs in communities where the migration loop process reaches a certain level of maturity. The majority of a town's population may become committed to migration as a way of life. Eventually, wealth becomes concentrated in the hands of those that are most able to migrate. Thus, migrants may become a new elite segment of rural populations that were once relatively homogenous societies. Further research of the migration loop process should be conducted. At least in the case of Mexico, the socioeconomic stratification in the villages and towns acting as sources of migration loops with destinations in the US have significant internal economic, social, and political implications.

Americas↗