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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The use of subcutaneous tissue flaps in the repair of soft tissue defects of the forearm and hand: an experimental and clinical study of a new technique.

This paper records our experience with a new technique of providing cover for soft tissue defects of the upper extremity using flaps consisting of subcutaneous tissue only and relying on the arterial anastomotic network of this tissue layer to sustain its vascularisation. The experimental basis of this technique is described in detail and two illustrations of the clinical use of this technique are given. The main advantages of this type of flap are its ready availability from the local tissues, its elasticity, the absence of functional and aesthetic disturbance at the donor site and the preservation of the natural contour of the limb.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Cellular reactions to polylactide-based sponge and collagen gel in subcutaneous tissue.

Polylactide copolymer and collagen are now used as bio-absorbable scaffold materials for restoration of lost oral tissues. Polylactide caprolactone (PLCL) sponge and collagen gel were examined for their cellular reactions when implanted in 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats' subcutaneous tissues for up to 8 weeks. The PLCL sponges were slowly absorbed by a mild chronic inflammation process in which multinucleated giant cells covered and slowly captivated the sponge surfaces without thick encapsulation. On the other hand, collagen gel was surrounded by thick inflammatory reaction zones and infiltrated by acute inflammation cells including neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages, and disappeared more rapidly. Although the bio-absorption process differed, both materials, when combined, appear to be useful scaffold materials for tissue engineering therapy in future dental practice.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMed2005

Disseminated cysticercosis involving orbit, brain and subcutaneous tissue.

Human cysticercosis is caused by dissemination of embryos of Taenia solium from the intestine via the hepatoportal system to the tissues and organs of the body. We report, probably the first case, where orbital cysticercosis was associated with multiple Cysticercus cellulosae cysts in the brain and subcutaneous tissue. Thorough screening for all the sites of involvement by the cyst is extremely useful for knowing the extent of dissemination, infection control, and for epidemiological purposes.

Albendazole↗
PubMed2006

Dynamics of subcutaneous tissue response to the implantation of tetracycline-treated or untreated membrane of demineralized bovine cortical bone in rats.

This study aims to conduct a histological evaluation of tissue response to a membrane obtained from demineralized bovine cortical bone, associated or not, to tetracycline (TTC). TTC treated and untreated bovine membranes were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats (n = 120). The animals were killed 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days after surgery. The tissue around the material was fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 24 h. Sections of 6 mm were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. In general, moderate to intense inflammatory response was observed in the initial periods (1 and 3 days), moderate response in the 7- and 15-day periods, and that was remarkably reduced at 30 and 60 days. Resorptions of the membranes by mononuclear cells (fibroblasts and macrophages) and multinucleated giant cells were observed 15 days after implantation. Only the remnants of the material could be detected in some animals in 60 days. Both membranes were tolerated by the tissue and were completely resorbed after 30-60 days. While the association of TTC apparently accelerated the biodegradability of the membrane substrate, no significant differences were found in the tissue response behavior between the two groups tested.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMed1992

Expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta 1) and insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) messenger RNA in the developing subcutaneous tissue (SQ) of the fetal pig.

Studies (in situ hybridization) were performed on the developing subcutaneous tissue (SQ) of the pig fetus to determine sites of synthesis of TGF-beta 1 and IGF-II. Tissues from 50, 70, 90, 110-day-old pig fetuses and 7-day-old postnatal pigs were Bouin's fixed, paraffin embedded and hybridized with biotin labelled cDNA probes. The expression of TGF-beta 1 messenger RNA was detectable primarily in the dermis, hair follicle fat lobule, outer and inner SQ areas at all ages. Cells adjacent to adipocyte clusters and some small adipocytes were positive for TGF-beta 1. There was no positive hybridization of TGF-beta 1 probes in the developing muscle below the SQ. The expression of IGF-II was evident in the developing muscle below the SQ at 50 d and 70 d, and could be detected in the outer and inner SQ at 70 d. Much lower levels of IGF-II expression were observed in 90 and 110 d fetuses, but an increase in IGF-II expression was evident in the muscle of 7d postnatal pigs. Our results suggest that paracrine and autocrine regulatory systems may be operative for developing adipocytes (TGF-beta 1) and muscle (IGF-II), with specific areas and times of TGF-beta 1 and IGF-II expression being evident in developing pig SQ tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Surgical treatment of local recurrences of breast carcinoma in the skin and subcutaneous tissues.

Twenty-six cases of local recurrence of breast carcinoma in the skin and subcutaneous tissues after treatment with radical excision and large skin grafts or reconstruction are presented. Seventy-seven per cent of the patients were alive 2 years after the treatment. As a chest wall recurrence of breast cancer in the absence of distant metastases does not always indicate a generalization of the disease, radical reconstructive surgery is recommended as the therapy of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Color Doppler sonography of focal lesions of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.

We evaluated with color Doppler sonography 71 visible and palpable nodules of the skin and subcutaneous tissue from 51 patients. The nodules were classified as avascular (type I), hypovascular with a single vascular pole (type II), hypervascular with multiple peripheral poles (type III), and hypervascular with internal vessels (type IV). Of the 32 malignant nodules, 9% showed a type I pattern, 50% had a type III pattern, and 41% had a type IV pattern; of the 39 benign nodules, 86% showed a type I pattern and 14% had a type II pattern. The sensitivity and specificity of hypervascularity in malignant lesions were 90% and 100%, respectively, whereas the sensitivity and specificity of hypovascularity in benign lesions were 100% and 90%, respectively. The authors conclude that color Doppler sonography is able to increase the specificity of ultrasonography in the evaluation of nodular lesions of the skin.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1976

Isofiltration capillary pressure and compartmental vascular resistances following elevation of venous pressure in subcutaneous tissue.

Isofiltration technique was used to measure the functional capillary pressure in 10 canine hindpaw (mainly subcutaneous tissue) preparations. With simultaneous determinations of arterial pressure, blood flow and venous pressure, the changes in total, precapillary and postcapillary resistances were assessed at different levels of venous pressure. When the tibial arterial pressure was 100 mm Hg. at an initial venous pressure of 5 mm Hg, the isofiltration capillary pressure averaged 12.8 mm Hg, the ratio of pre-to post-capillary resistance 9.9. The precapillary resistance accounted for 90.8% of the total vascular resistance. The isofiltration capillary pressures were 24.9 and 38.0 mm Hg, respectively when venous pressure was elevated to 20 and 35 mm Hg. Capillary pressure (Pc) was approximately related to venous pressure (Pv) by: Pc=0.82Pvm8. Upon elevation of venous pressure, the total and precapillary resistances were not significantly altered. The paw resistance vessels possess neither myogenic nor metabolic autoregulation. With increasing venous pressure, presumably due to passive distension of venules, the postcapillary resistance fell and the ratio of pre-to post-capillary resistance increased.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[A case of systemic sarcoidosis diagnosed initially by tonsillar biopsy, with discontinuous nodules in a straight line in the subcutaneous tissue of the upper arm].

A 31-year-old woman was admitted due to swollen cervical lymph nodes and swollen tonsils. These did not respond to treatment by antibiotics, and histological findings of epithelioid cell granulomas were obtained by tonsillar biopsy. After corticosteroid therapy in the subcutaneous tissue of the upper arm 5 nodules were found discontinuously in a straight line. A biopsy of one of these nodules revealed non-caseous epithelioid cell granuloma with Langhans giant cells in the superficial lymph nodes. Her older brother was strongly suspected to have neurogenic sarcoidosis. Familial sarcoidosis was considered related to this case.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transplantation of the urinary bladder and other organs in the subcutaneous tissue induces cyst formation and epithelialization: its potential usefulness in regenerative medicine.

Certain hollow organs are known to form cysts when heterologously transplanted. In order to examine the usefulness of the phenomenon for regenerative medicine, rat urinary bladders and other organs were allo-transplanted under the subcutaneous tissue of the back. These transplanted tissues very often formed cysts covered with epithelia. The epithelia covered an area about twice the original size. In the case of the urinary bladder, the epithelium started moving from the edge of the transplants around day 3 after the operation, and as time proceeded, the tela submucosa and tunica muscularis also moved to encircle the epithelium, and formed the wall of the cyst. The basal laminae were formed under the newly expanded epithelium slightly behind the leading tip. All of the organs tested had the capability of cyst formation and epithelialization, although their rate differed between organs. The results are discussed with reference to the potential use of cyst formation for regenerating damaged organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Distribution of penicillins into subcutaneous tissue chambers in ponies.

The distribution of penicillins into a tissue chamber implanted subcutaneously in ponies was studied. Ampicillin sodium (equivalent to 15 mg/kg ampicillin) was administered intravenously. Pivampicillin, a prodrug of ampicillin, was administered by nasogastric tube to fed ponies at a dose of 19.9 mg/kg (equivalent to 15 mg/kg ampicillin). Procaine penicillin G was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 12 mg/kg (equivalent to 12000 IU/kg). Six ponies were used for each medication. Antibiotic concentrations in plasma and tissue chamber fluid (TCF) were measured for 24 h after administration. Mean peak concentrations of ampicillin in TCF were 7.3 micrograms/mL, reached at 1.7 h, and 1.3 micrograms/mL, reached at 2.7 h, after administration of ampicillin sodium and pivampicillin respectively. The mean peak concentration of penicillin G of 0.3 microgram/mL was reached 12.3 h after administration of procaine penicillin G. Concentrations in TCF remained above the minimum inhibitory concentration of Streptococcus zooepidemicus for the proposed dosing intervals of 8, 12 and 24 h for ampicillin sodium, pivampicillin and procaine penicillin G respectively.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed2006

Electrochemotherapy a novel approach to the treatment of metastatic nodules on the skin and subcutaneous tissues.

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new treatment for metastatic nodules of solid tumors on the skin or subcutaneous tissue. ECT is a combination of a physical effect, cell membrane poration, and cytotoxic drug administration. Cell membrane poration is achieved by applying short intense electric filed pulses. Pore formation on the cell membrane allows low permeant drugs like bleomycin or cisplatin to enter the cell and thus locally increase their toxicity: up to 10.000 times for bleomycin and 80 times for cisplatin. ECT has been investigated in a multicenter study European Standard Operating Procedures for Electrochemotherapy (ESOPE) that demonstrates how by ECT over 80% of the cutaneous or subcutaneous metastatic nodules can be healed, thus confirming the results of previous studies. ECT efficacy is independent of tumor histology. The experience gathered in the ESOPE study allowed to prepare standard operating procedures that are key to the dissemination of the technology. ECT is safe effective, the treatment is completed in one session usually on an out-patient basis with minimum side-effects. ECT is cost-effective and, although palliative, it ameliorates patients' quality of life. ECT is the treatment of choice for tumors refractory to conventional treatment, can be used in form of cytoreductive therapy before conventional treatment for organ sparing and functions saving, finally can be adopted to treat hemorrhagic or painful nodules, it can be applied in previously irradiated areas.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma involving subcutaneous tissue.

The peripheral T-cell lymphomas, presumably derived from various immunocompetent peripheral T-cell system components, form a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. We describe two patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma primarily involving subcutaneous tissue. They presented with multiple subcutaneous nodules. Skin biopsy specimens in both patients demonstrated a lobular subcutaneous infiltrate. The infiltrate consisted of small and medium-sized atypical lymphoid cells. Both patients had a protracted clinical course before they were diagnosed as having malignant lymphoma. We detected latent Epstein-Barr virus infection in the skin lesions of case 2. Latent Epstein-Barr virus infection might be related to the development of this variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ultrastructural study of initial calcification in the rat subcutaneous tissues elicited by a root canal filling material.

The ultrastructural aspects of initial calcification in the rat subcutaneous tissues elicited by the root canal filling material Vitapex, made up of calcium hydroxide and iodoform with the addition of silicone oil, were studied by means of electron microscopic and cytochemical techniques. The embedded paste caused heterotopic calcifications. These were divided into two types: dystrophic calcification and matrix vesicle calcification which resembled that of bone tissue. These data suggest that Vitapex may be an excellent root canal filling material for differentiation of osteoblasts or cementoblasts from mesenchymal cells in the periodontal ligament.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Dioctophyme larva in the subcutaneous tissues of a woman in Ohio.

A nematode larva undistinguishable from Dioctophyme renale was found in the subcutaneous tissues of the abdomen of a 23-year-old woman from Ohio. This is the third case of Dioctophyme larva reported in humans. Although it is not known how the infection was acquired, we suggest that ingestion of raw fish was the probable source. We further hypothesize that such a larva could eventually migrate to the kidney and grow to the adult state.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1977

Local regulation of blood flow in subcutaneous tissue in generalized scleroderma.

The effect of orthostatic changes in vascular transmural pressure on blood flow in subcutaneous tissue was studied in 10 patients with the acrosclerotic type of generalized scleroderma. Blood flow was measured on the back of the hand by the local 133xenon washout technique. The blood flow remained constant when the hand was elevated 20 cm above the jugular notch, indicating that there is autoregulation of blood flow, When the hand was lowered 40 cm below by 50% observed in normals. Thus, intrinsic vascular reactions responsible for the autoregulator response are present, whereas the normal "vasoconstrictor response" to an increase in venous transmural pressure is almost abolished in tissues with sclerodermic changes. The abolition of the vasoconstrictor response is probably due to sympathetic neuropathy associated with the sclerodermic changes.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

A biphasic poroelastic analysis of the flow dependent subcutaneous tissue pressure and compaction due to epidermal loadings: issues in pressure sore.

A layer of skin and subcutaneous tissue on a bony substratum was modeled as a homogeneous layer of biphasic poroelastic material with uniform thickness. The epidermal surface and the bony interface were taken to be impervious. The soft tissue on the bony interface was assumed either fully adhered or completely free to slide on the bone. The cases for surface pressure loadings and displacement controlled indentations were simulated. The resultant biomechanical responses of the layer, including the transient tissue hydrostatic pressure and the tissue compaction, were presented. A new hypothesis is offered to interpret the threshold pressure-time curve for pressure sores in term of the time required for a particular area in the tissue layer to reach a critical compaction for a given level of applied pressure.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1982

Povidone-iodine irrigation of the subcutaneous tissue to prevent surgical wound infections.

In a prospective randomized trial, the influence of irrigation of the subcutaneous tissue using povidone-iodine solution upon the development of postoperative wound infection was examined in 592 patients undergoing general surgical operative procedures. No beneficial effect of irrigation with povidone-iodine solution could be demonstrated, nor could it be demonstrated in the group as a whole or in the subgroups according to bacterial contamination.

Abdomen↗