Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Stomatitis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Intestinal permeability in patients with chemotherapy-induced stomatitis.

PURPOSE: Mucositis represents one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy, and may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in stomatitis, dysphagia, dyspepsia, or diarrhea. The aim of the present study was to evaluate intestinal permeability in patients with stomatitis during treatment with oral granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, Leucomax). METHODS: Ten patients with chemotherapy-induced stomatitis and 21 control cancer patients were included in the study. Intestinal permeability in patients with stomatitis was evaluated before and after the treatment with oral GM-CSF (200 micrograms for 4 consecutive days) by measuring urinary lactulose, D-xylose, and mannitol after oral challenge in collected urine using capillary gas chromatography. RESULTS: Mean grade of stomatitis (3, range 2-3) improved during treatment by a mean of 1 grade (range 0-2, sign test P < 0.05) with an improvement observed in eight of ten patients. Lactulose excretion, lactulose/mannitol, and lactulose/xylose ratios were markedly elevated in the patients with mucositis compared with 21 control cancer patients (1.60 +/- 1.04%, 0.2446 +/- 0.2937, and 0.3877 +/- 0.6808 vs 0.35 +/- 0.20%, 0.0332 +/- 0.0148, and 0.0255 +/- 0.0086, respectively, Mann Whitney U-test, P < 0.001). After treatment, lactulose excretion, lactulose/mannitol, and lactulose/xylose ratio decreased significantly (1.60 +/- 1.04 vs 0.63 +/- 0.42%; 0.2446 +/- 0.2937 vs 0.1303 +/- 0.1149; and 0.3877 +/- 0.6808 vs 0.1126 +/- 0.1146, respectively, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Lactulose excretion after oral challenge, lactulose/mannitol, or lactulose/xylose ratio may be useful markers for intestinal involvement in chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Improvement of oral mucositis was associated with a significant decrease of intestinal permeability to lactulose. Testing of intestinal permeability by the present method may be useful to evaluate the effect of therapeutic interventions in patients with chemotherapy-induced mucositis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

Denture stomatitis and ABO blood types.

To determine the interrelation between ABO blood types of denture wearers, denture plaque accumulation, and denture stomatitis, 442 denture wearers were studied using a simplified culture method, which is convenient to use in the dental office. The degree of plaque accumulation and the occurrence of denture stomatitis varied depending on the blood type of the patients. Especially in blood group O compared with other types, both denture plaque accumulation and denture stomatitis were found to be higher or more severe. These results suggest that the ABO blood group is one of the etiologic factors of denture stomatitis and that denture wearers of blood group O are more susceptible to denture stomatitis.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed2006

Prevention of 5-fluorouracil-related stomatitis by oral cryotherapy: a randomized controlled study.

Stomatitis is a common adverse effect of intravenously infused 5-fluorouracil (5FU). Although there are encouraging studies about the preventive role of oral cryotherapy in stomatitis induced by intravenous administration of 5FU, this simple and cost-effective method is not part of clinical practice. This prospective randomized study investigates whether oral cryotherapy alleviates 5FU-induced stomatitis. Thirty six patients, included in the cryotherapy group, were instructed to hold ice cubes in their oral cavity, shortly before, during and shortly after the infusion of 5FU. Both mean physician and patient-graded stomatitis of our cryotherapy group were compared with those of a control group (40 patients) and were found significantly reduced for all three chemotherapy cycles. The percentage of patients who were free from oral toxicity was significantly higher in the cryotherapy group in all three chemotherapy cycles, as judged both by patients and physicians. The results of this study encourage the use of cryotherapy in patients receiving 5FU in alleviating stomatitis by using a side-effect-free, easy to perform and inexpensive measure, which does not interfere with the efficacy of antineoplastic agents.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

A phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, study of iseganan for the reduction of stomatitis in patients receiving stomatotoxic chemotherapy.

The invasion and colonization of oral cavity mucosal tissues by microflora may contribute to the pathophysiology of ulcerative oral mucositis (UOM). Iseganan is an analog of protegrin-1, a naturally occurring peptide with broad-spectrum microbicidal activity. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of iseganan in preventing UOM after stomatotoxic therapy. Patients received an oral rinse, consisting of iseganan 9mg or placebo, to be swished/swallowed six times daily, starting with stomatotoxic therapy and continuing up to 21 days. Patients were assessed for stomatitis and UOM, and administered a questionnaire evaluating mouth pain and difficulty swallowing thrice weekly. The primary study efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients who did not have peak stomatitis NCI-CTC grade >or=2. Between November 2001 and June 2002, 502 patients were randomized to receive iseganan (251) or placebo (251). Equivalent numbers of patients in both cohorts received bone marrow or peripheral blood allogeneic or autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT). Forty-three percent and 37% of iseganan and placebo patients, respectively, did not have peak stomatitis grade =2 (P = 0.182). There was no significant difference between the cohorts in stomatitis severity, incidence of UOM, peak mouth pain, peak difficulty swallowing, amount of opiate analgesics used, or adverse event type or incidence. A major impact of Iseganan on reducing stomatitis, UOM, or its clinical sequelae in patients receiving stomatotoxic therapy was not detected on this study.

Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides↗
PubMed1998

A comparison of fluconazole and itraconazole in the management of denture stomatitis: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVES: To compare fluconazole capsules (50 mg daily for 14 days) and itraconazole capsules (100 mg daily for 15 days) in the treatment of denture stomatitis, using objective clinical and mycological outcome measures. METHODS: Twenty complete denture wearers with denture stomatitis were enrolled. At baseline, palatal erythema was measured with an electro-optical instrument, a denture disc specimen was collected from the fitting surface of the denture for culture and an oral rinse and imprint cultures were collected for mycological culture. Ten patients received fluconazole capsules (50 mg daily for 14 days) and 10 received itraconazole capsules (100 mg daily for 15 days). Palatal erythema was reassessed and the microbiological specimens re-collected on day 14. RESULTS: The most common form of denture stomatitis seen in this group of patients was Newton's Type II. All patients responded to advice to leave their dentures out at night but there was a poor overall improvement in denture hygiene. There was an objective reduction in palatal erythema following treatment with both fluconazole and itraconazole. A wide range of yeasts were isolated from the mouths of all the denture stomatitis patients before treatment. C. albicans was the most common isolate. A mycological cure was achieved in only five of the 20 patients, one in the fluconazole group and four in the itraconazole group. A further eight patients in the fluconazole group and three in the itraconazole group had reduced yeast counts by the second visit. CONCLUSION: Fluconazole and itraconazole were of comparable efficacy in the treatment of denture stomatitis, on the basis of reduction in palatal erythema and mycological culture.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and thiamine deficiency.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a disease of unknown cause. To examine whether thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency is associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, we studied vitamin B1 levels in 70 patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and in 50 members of a control group. The vitamin B1 level was determined as thiamine pyrophosphate effect on transketolase activity in red blood cell lysates. Low levels of vitamin B1 were detected in 49 patients but in only two members of the control group (p < 0.0001). These low levels were not associated with patient age, sex, or underlying disease causing recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Our finding suggests an association between thiamine deficiency and recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Immunohistochemical localization of type IV collagen and laminin (alpha1) in denture stomatitis.

Chronic clinical irritation of the palatal mucosa by dentures involves a series of histological changes in epithelial and connective tissues, inflammatory cells and the vasculature. No single change is pathognomic of this inflammatory process. The rupture of basement membrane associated with the development of denture stomatitis often marks an important stage. This study investigated modifications in basement membrane organisation, especially the distribution of type IV collagen and a specific laminin chain (alpha1), during denture stomatitis. Biopsies of palatal mucosa were obtained from 12 patients (8 with denture stomatitis and 4 with clinically healthy mucosa) who had worn removable dentures for more than 3 years. Immunohistochemical studies performed with specific antibodies to type IV collagen and a laminin (alpha1) revealed strong expression in the basement membrane of healthy palatal mucosa. In denture stomatitis, some discontinuities or disruptions in basement membrane were observed at the interface between connective tissue and epithelial cells. These findings suggest a relationship between the expression of laminin (alpha1) and type IV collagen and the development of denture stomatitis, a disorder involving modification of soft tissues in which initial inflammation of the palatal mucosa results from stress under the denture. These changes in basement membrane can be detected by histological studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Allopurinol mouthwashes in the treatment of 5-fluorouracil-induced stomatitis.

This study was aimed at assessing the efficacy of allopurinol mouthwashes in the treatment of 5-fluorouracil-induced stomatitis. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was thus designed to test its efficacy to treat oral mucositis in advanced cancer patients receiving 5-fluorouracil-containing chemotherapy. There were 44 patients randomized to receive allopurinol mouthwashes, or placebo, as soon as mucosal lesions were observed during any treatment cycle. Stomatitis was evaluated at the end of each 5-day treatment cycle. Allopurinol mouthwashes resolved stomatitis in 9 of 22 treated patients (40.9%), and diminished its intensity in 10 more patients (45.4%); stomatitis resolved completely in none of the 22 patients, and partially in 3 patients in the placebo group (p < .001 by chi 2 test). Duration of symptoms was also significantly different between the two groups (median: 4 days for the allopurinol group, 7.5 days for the control group; p < .0005 by Student's t-test). In conclusion, our results suggest that allopurinol mouthwashes can be effective to treat 5-fluorouracil-induced stomatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Epidemiological evaluation of recurrent stomatitis, nitrates in drinking water, and cytochrome b5 reductase activity.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to examine a possible correlation between drinking water nitrate concentration, recurrent stomatitis, and cytochrome b5 reductase activity. Dietary nitrate can form nitrite in vivo. This can cause methemoglobinemia in the red blood cells. Cytochrome b5 reductase is an enzyme in the red blood cells that reduces methemoglobin back to hemoglobin. METHODS: Five areas were selected in the State of Rajasthan, India, having drinking water nitrate concentration (as nitrate) of 26, 45, 95, 222, and 459 mg of NO3/L. House schedules were prepared in these areas in accordance with a statistically designed protocol. We selected 193 age- and weight-matched persons, representing 10% of the total population in each of these areas. Detailed history was taken for recurrent stomatitis, medical examination was conducted, and blood samples were taken to ascertain cytochrome b5 reductase activity in the selected population. Collected data were statistically analyzed to ascertain a relationship between nitrate concentration, cytochrome b5 reductase activity, and percent stomatitis, using Microsoft Excel software. RESULTS: This study suggests that there is a significant interdependence between drinking water nitrate concentration, cytochrome b5 reductase activity, and recurrent stomatitis. CONCLUSION: Increased cytochrome b5 reductase activity primarily induced by the presence of high nitrate concentration in drinking water could be the cause for recurrent stomatitis.

Cytochrome Reductases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastroenterological drugs and denture stomatitis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the medical and dental variables related to the presence of denture stomatitis. The study population was comprised of 106 elderly people (82 women, 24 men; mean age, 81.3 years) using a maxillary complete denture and living in a geriatric nursing home in Oulu, Finland. The following variables were used in the analysis: medical diagnoses, which could have a possible biological association with stomatitis; daily use of drugs; ability to cope with everyday life; oral hygiene; and the condition of the denture. The prevalence of stomatitis was 52% among residents wearing complete dentures. Patients receiving gastroenterological drugs had less stomatitis (p = 0.01, chi-square). The results suggest a preliminary finding that older adults using gastroenterological drugs had less stomatitis.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

Fluoxetine-associated stomatitis.

OBJECTIVE: To describe two cases of stomatitis related to fluoxetine given for the treatment of depression that were detected in the hospital emergency department. DATA SYNTHESIS: Two women developed stomatitis after the intake of fluoxetine for the treatment of depression. One of the patients had six recurrent episodes of stomatitis without suspecting an association with fluoxetine. No other drugs were administered during these episodes. The second patient was treated concurrently with fluoxetine and bentazepam. In both patients the lesion improved upon discontinuation of fluoxetine, even though the second patient continued to take a different benzodiazepine. DISCUSSION: Stomatitis related to fluoxetine has not been previously reported in clinical trials or in the literature. According to the causal algorithm used by the Spanish Drug Surveillance Schemes, the first case constituted a defined adverse reaction and the second was probable. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations suggest that fluoxetine may be considered as a probable cause of stomatitis. The reporting of isolated cases of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) makes it possible to define the toxicity profile of recently marketed drugs such as selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, including fluoxetine. Emphasis is placed on the potential role played by emergency departments in detecting ADRs.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Frequency and prognostic value of IgA and IgG endomysial antibodies in recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a common disease of the oral mucous membranes. Currently a hypothesis is being discussed that it might be pathogenetically related to coeliac disease. We evaluated the frequency of coeliac disease anti-endomysial (or anti-transglutaminase) antibodies in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Blood samples from 42 patients were evaluated and 2/42 (4.7%) were IgA- and IgG-endomysial antibody-positive. None of the 42 persons in the control group had antibodies, which was not statistically different from the patient group. The two antibody-positive patients had episodes of mild gastrointestinal symptoms only, but histopathology of duodenal mucous membranes confirmed coeliac disease. All symptoms related to aphthous stomatitis responded well to a gluten-free diet. We conclude that every patient with recurrent aphthous stomatitis should be asked about a history of gastrointestinal complaints and screened for markers of coeliac disease, since recurrent aphthous stomatitis may in some cases respond to a gluten-free diet.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical effects of adjuvant therapy using Z-100 (Ancer 20 injection) for oral cancer--prevention of stomatitis and hematopoietic impairment].

A combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is a usual treatment method for malignant head and neck tumors, however chemoradiotherapy is associated with hematopoietic impairment and serious stomatitis in patients. The clinical effects and evaluation of hematopoietic activity (e.g., leukocyte count) and the degree of stomatitis under adjuvant therapy using Z-100 (Ancer 20 injection) for oral cancer were investigated for preoperative cancer therapy. In order to evaluate the clinical effects of Ancer 20 injection with regard to hematopoietic activity and the degree of stomatitis, a clinical study was performed for 18 patients with oral cancer in our department. The 18 patients, who had oral squamous cell carcinomas (5 of the tongue, 4 of the mandibular gingiva, 3 of the maxillary gingiva, 1 of the floor of the mouth, 3 of the buccal mucosa, and 2 others), were treated with this combination of adjuvant therapy with Ancer 20 injection, from March, 1991 to March, 1997. They were injected with Ancer 20 (twice a week, 40 micrograms) during the cancer treatment period. We investigated hematopoietic activity, (e.g., leukocyte and platelet counts) and the degree of stomatitis periodically, before and after the combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment period. It was found that in the patients who were treated with Ancer 20 injection, the decrease in leukocyte and platelet counts was prevented and the condition of stomatitis was improved. These results suggest that Ancer 20 injection may generally improve various dysfunctions due to hematopoietic impairment by radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy, and improve immunological factors. We conclude that Ancer 20 injection is a useful adjuvant treatment for oral cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2000

[Stomatitis in childhood, not always benign].

Two boys of 1 and 16 year had painful buccal lesions and were admitted for dehydration. The younger had finger and toe blisters; the older, severely ill, had conjunctivitis, urethritis and skin lesions. Only symptomatic treatment with lidocaine gel and paracetamol gave good recovery. A 5-year-old Turkish girl had recurrent painful buccal ulcers which each time cleared up spontaneously. Stomatitis is common in childhood. Viral infections are the most common causes of stomatitis, in particular infections with herpes simplex virus (herpes gingivostomatitis), Coxsackie virus (herpangina, hand-foot-mouth-disease), chickenpox and infectious mononucleosis. Bacterial infections are rare and mostly secondary to the viral infections. In infants oral candidiasis (thrush) is a common cause of stomatitis. Most infections are self-limiting and reassurance of parents is important. Dehydration is a common complication and admission to hospital can be prevented by analgesics. The most important non-infectious conditions that cause stomatitis in children are recurrent aphthous stomatitis, erythema multiforme major (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), Behçet's disease, malignancy (leukaemia), immune-mediated disorders (agranulocytosis, cyclic neutropenia), traumata, blistering disorders of the skin and lichen planus. A complete history and a thorough physical examination usually give the correct diagnosis and further investigations are seldom necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management of chemotherapy-induced stomatitis.

The past decade has brought about major advances in the medical management of cancer. Despite these advancements, significant toxicities often accompany the potential benefits of chemotherapy. One of the most common toxicities associated with chemotherapy administration is the development of stomatitis. Stomatitis is estimated to occur in 40% of all patients undergoing chemotherapy, and its incidence is two to three times higher in patients with hematologic malignancies and those undergoing bone marrow transplant. Many inconsistencies currently exist in strategies to prevent, assess, and treat stomatitis. Unresolved or undiagnosed stomatitis can lead to major complications such as poor treatment outcomes, increased cost of care, diminished quality of life, and, eventually, mortality. Oncology nurses share responsibility in improving patient outcomes related to stomatitis by remaining knowledgeable, using evidence-based practice, and ensuring follow-up.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1992

The association of menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause with recurrent oral aphthous stomatitis: a review and critique.

OBJECTIVE: To examine critically the postulated associations between recurrent aphthous stomatitis and the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause, and to determine why such associations had been accepted previously in the absence of convincing evidence. DATA SOURCES: We used MEDLINE data base searches in 1988 and 1991 to identify all articles since 1966 referring to estrogen, progesterone, menstruation, menstrual cycle, menopause, or pregnancy, and to aphthous stomatitis. Similar searches were carried out in the Index to Dental Literature for the period 1942-1991, and in MEDLINE on CD-ROM in 1991. Articles uncovered were examined for further appropriate references in the 50-year period 1942-1991. We excluded letters, abstracts, and articles in journals that are not peer-reviewed. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We discovered one retrospective study on aphthous ulceration and ovarian hormones, eight prospective studies, three uncontrolled trials on the use of hormones in aphthous stomatitis, one controlled trial, and four review papers. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Each paper was carefully read, in translation where necessary, and opinions and findings were critically examined for source, authenticity, and statistical analysis. Each paper was also examined critically in terms of its review and acceptance of previous papers. The papers were too diverse in nature to permit a structured criticism. CONCLUSIONS: No associations have been established between aphthous stomatitis and the premenstrual period, pregnancy, or menopause. No properly designed study has shown a therapeutic effect of ovarian hormones on aphthous stomatitis. Reasons for this lack and the need for large-scale studies are identified.

Female↗
PubMed2001

Quantity determination of T- and B-leucocytes in peripheral blood in patients with candida induced subprosthetic stomatitis.

INTRODUCTION: The presence of pathological transformation of Candida species and especially of C. albicans is determined to a great degree by the status of humoral and especially of the cell-mediated immunity. The prosthetic stomatitis (Stomatitis subprothetica) and its development also depends on the immunological status of the organism. PURPOSE: In the present study we have set as a purpose to define the quantity of B- and T-lymphocytes (T-early and T-late) in the peripheral blood in patients with subprosthetic stomatitis and isolated and proved C. albicans from the microbial prosthetic plate and the mucosa under the prosthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We defined the quantity of the early and late E-rosette-forming T-lymphocytes by the method of Bach (1973) and The B-lymphocytes with complement receptors by the method of Mendes et al (1974) in 69 patients with subprosthetic stomatitis and in 33 people with plate prostheses without stomatitis RESULTS: In both of the studied groups an elevation of the early T-lymphocytes and lower values for the late E-rossette-forming T-lymphocytes compared to the normal values were found. The relative proportion of B-lymphocytes is insignificantly higher (p > 0.1) in the patients compared to the control group. The values of T- and B-lymphocytes vary in different directions and they must be interpreted individually.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1992

[Prevention of stomatitis in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia using PVP-iodine (Isodine) gargle].

From November 1987 to October 1990, we investigated the efficacy of povidine iodine gargle solution (Isodine Gargle) for preventing stomatitis in 26 patients (19 males and 7 females; mean age 53.2 years) with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The patients were given a concentrated preparation of the gargle solution which they had to dilute 50 times, and were asked to use it 8 times/day for one year. Twenty patients (76.9%) frequently suffered from stomatitis despite the gargling. Therefore, in the second year they were instructed to use the gargle solution at a higher concentration (30-fold dilution). On the third year, they were asked to increase the frequency of gargling to 10 times/day; this resulted in a significant decrease in frequency of the episodes of stomatitis. Severe and painful stomatitis no longer occurred. Gargling with povidine iodine gargle solution was thus considered effective for preventing stomatitis in AML patients.

Adult↗