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PubMed1976

Serratia marcescens endocarditis: a regional illness associated with intravenous drug abuse.

From 1969 to 1974, 19 cases of Serratia marcescens endocarditis were observed in the San Francisco Bay Area. Seventeen patients were intravenous drug users, and Serratia caused 14% of all addict-associated endocarditis in San Francisco. Serratia strains were nonpigmented and had typical antibiotic sensitivities, except that 9 of the isolates exhibited colonial variation, with each variant having different antibiotic sensitivities. Aortic or mitral valves were involved in 13 patients, and heart failure developed in 9 of these. Twelve patients had embolic episodes to brain, iliofemoral arteries, or lung. Five of 6 patients with tricuspid valvulitis were cured by antibiotics either with (1) or without excision of the valve. All 12 patients with aortic or mitral valvulitis treated medically died; 11 had unremitting sepsis. Aortic valve replacement and antibiotics were effective in 1. Gentamicin combined with either carbenicillin or chloramphenicol was the most effective treatment regimen.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Occurrence of beta-lactamase type ESBL in rods of the Serratia species].

Serratia spp. has been identified as an important opportunistic pathogen agent in nosocomial infections. The aim of the study was the determination of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) occurrence among 78 of Serratia spp. strains isolated in 1996-1998 from clinical specimens obtained from patients of State Clinical Hospital in Bydgoszcz. Identification of Serratia spp. strains was performed in automatic ATB system with ID 32GN strips (bioMérieux). The strains with ESBL activity were detected by double-disc method according to Jarlier et al. (10) with small modifications. Clavulanic acid, tazobactam and sulbactam were used as the inhibitors of ESBLs. Drug-susceptibility was determined by disc-diffusion method according to NCCLS standards. Forty-five (57.7%) of the strains were ESBL (+). All of them belonged to S. marcescens species. The majority--91.1% of strains was derived from urine, 3 from wound and 1 from blood. The obtained results indicate the necessity of monitoring of ESBL-producing strains among gram-negative rods from clinical specimen. The aims of such a procedure are to control and to prevent their dissemination within hospital, as well as to avoid therapeutic failures.

Blood↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A comparative structure-function analysis and molecular mechanism of action of endonucleases from Serratia marcescens and Physarum polycephalum].

Structural and functional characteristics were compared for wild-type nuclease from Serratia marcescens, which belongs to the family of DNA/RNA nonspecific endonucleases, its mutational forms, and the nuclease I-PpoI from Physarum polycephalum, which is a representative of the Cys-His box-containing subgroup of the superfamily of extremely specific intron-encoded homing DNases. Despite the lack of sequence homology and the overall different topology of the Serratia marcescens and I-PpoI nucleases, their active sites have a remarkable structural similarity. Both of them have a unique magnesium atom in the active site, which is a part of the coordinatively bonded water-magnesium complex involved in their catalytic acts. In the enzyme-substrate complexes, the Mg2+ ion is chelated by an Asp residue, coordinates two oxygen atoms of DNA, and stabilizes the transition state of the phosphate anion and 3'-OH group of the leaving nucleotide. A new mechanism of the phosphodiester bond cleavage, which is common for the Serratia marcescens and I-PpoI nucleases and differs from the known functioning mechanism of the restriction and homing endonucleases, was proposed. It presumes a His residue as a general base for the activation of a non-cluster water molecule at the nucleophilic in line displacement of the 3'-leaving group. A strained metalloenzyme-substrate complex is formed during hydrolysis and relaxes to the initial state after the reaction. The English version of the paper.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

[Fraction P isolated from the ribosomes of Serratia odorifera and its tumor inhibiting effect].

A protein(component P) with molecular weight of 16 kD was isolated by the method of preparation electrophoresis from the ribosomes of Serratia odorifera, which were obtained by the method of differential centrifugation. This protein showed specific immune response reactivity with the antiserum of the ribosomes mentioned above. Meanwhile, component P showed apparent protective function for QGY-tumorcharged nude mouse and different ways of giving medicine. It was evident from study results that component P isolated from the ribosomes of Serratia odorifera showed a direct function for tumor growth inhibition and it was the effective component of the ribosomes of Serratia odorifera.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Genes of resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics in clinical strains of Serratia marcescens and the enzyme encoded by them].

The patterns of aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes were determined by AGRP in 31 clinical isolated of Serratia marcescens. The results were compared with the data on identification of the aminoglycoside resistance genes by the specific DNA probes. It was shown that all the isolates of Serratia marcescens contained the AAC(6')-Ic gene which was not expressed in some isolates. The other detected aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes were the following: AAC(3)-V in 17 isolates, ANT(2'') in 7 isolates, AAC(3)-I in 4 isolates and APH(3')-I in 13 isolates. Reliability of the methods of AGRP and DNA-DNA hybridization was estimated in the assay of the aminoglycoside resistant clinical strains of Serratia marcescens.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1992

Virulence factors in Serratia marcescens: cell-bound hemolysin and aerobactin.

1. A total of 60 nosocomial isolates of Serratia marcescens were screened for the presence of markers related to virulence, i.e., cell-bound hemolysin and production of siderophore aerobactin. 2. No aerobactin-producing strains were found, and the incidence of cell-bound hemolysin was 97%. 3. Hemolysin-positive (58 strains) and hemolysin-negative (2 strains) Serratia marcescens showed the same LD50 (3 x 10(7) bacteria) in a test of virulence for mice. 4. These results indicate that cell-bound hemolysin is not a main factor of virulence for mice in Serratia marcescens.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Profiles of the utilization of 20 amino acids as the only source of nitrogen and carbon in bacteria of the genera Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Escherichia].

The profiles of the utilization of 20 protein amino acids in 118 Klebsiella pneumoniae sub- sp. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, K. planticola, K. mobilis, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marscescens, S. liquefaciens, Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical material were studied. The utilization of amino acids was determined on minimal saline agar containing amino acid as the only source of nitrogen and carbon; the results were evaluated after 72-hour incubation at 37 degrees C. 17 profiles of amino-acid utilization were thus determined, most of them genus-specific in enterobacteria: Klebsiella (profiles No. 1--6, 9, 10), Enterobacter (No. 11--13), Serratia (No. 14--16), Escherichia (No. 17). The full coincidence of amino-acid utilization profiles in bacteria of K. mobilis (No. 1, 6) and K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae with out of such profiles in bacteria of the genera Enterobacter, Serratia, Escherichia was established, which confirmed that K. mobilis (formerly Enterobacter aerogenes) belonged to the genus Klebsiella.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

Effects of vaccination against systemic Serratia infection.

Host defense against Serratia marcescens in experimental infection in mice was enhanced by vaccination with formalin-killed bacteria of the same strain. The enhancement appeared within 24 hr after vaccination, reached a peak seven days later and lasted four weeks. The enhanced resistance to Serratia infection was also observed in the early phase (within seven days) after vaccination with killed Escherichia coli or other Gram-negative strains, but the efficacy on Day 7 was inferior to that with killed S. marcescens. Phagocytic activities of both circulating neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages were measured by the chemiluminescence (CL) response, and the activity of tissue macrophages was evaluated by the carbon clearance test. The activities were significantly elevated in the early phase, that is, within two or three days for neutrophils, seven days for peritoneal macrophages and at least 14 days for tissue macrophages, after vaccination with killed Gram-negative bacteria. These results suggest that the enhancement of host defense in the early phase is dependent on phagocytic functions that are non-specifically activated by dead bacteria. In the late phase after vaccination, specific immunity might have been involved in the defense mechanism. However, transfer of high titer specific antiserum, in itself, did not render mice resistant to Serratia infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Epidemiologic study on the prevalence of Enterobacter, Serratia and Pseudomonas strains, producers of cefoxitin-inducible beta-lactamases].

Resistance of Enterobacter, Serratia and pseudomonas strains to newer cephalosporins is often associated with stable derepression of synthesis of the chromosomal betalactamases. Similar resistance is developed by enzyme inducible strains in response to betalactamases inducers. This finding poses many clinical problems including emergence of resistance during therapy with the drugs. In this study we evaluated the MICs of several new betalactam compounds against 76 Enterobacter, Serratia and Pseudomonas strains before and after cefoxitin-induction of betalactamases. The MICs against several Enterobacter strains (45%) after cefoxitin induction were elevated four fold or more. Serratia strains showed no significant variations of the MICs after cefoxitin induction. The MICs of piperacillin against many Pseudomonas strains (78%) after cefoxitin induction were elevated four fold or more. These data were confirmed using cefoxitin disk approximation test. Outbreaks of nosocominal infection with these multiresistant bacteria and spread of the strains throughout the hospital are already being seen. Control of these problems can only be achieved through the judicious and restricted use of these new antibiotics.

Cefoxitin↗
PubMed1985

Differential effect of Serratia protease on platelet surface glycoproteins Ib and V.

The effect of a zinc metalloprotease from Serratia marcescens on platelet surface glycoproteins (GP) Ib and V was analyzed. Increasing protease treatments caused progressive loss of GP Ib with appearance of the major fragment, glycocalicin, in the supernatant solution. No GP V was detected in the supernatant solution, and protease-pretreated platelets had the same capacity as control platelets to release fragment 1 of GP V in response to thrombin. The Serratia protease-pretreated platelets did show the lag before thrombin-induced dense granule secretion, characteristic of platelets modified by pretreatment with other nonstimulating proteases. Treatment with Serratia protease gives the only demonstrated selective loss of GP Ib without apparent effect on GP V. It suggests that GP V (1) does not depend on GP Ib for its association with platelets and (2) is not the substrate for protease modification of platelet function.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serratia marcescens arthritis in heroin addicts.

Serratia appears as a pathogen of increasing frequency and clinical significance in bone and joint infections in heroin users. This is the fifth case report of septic arthritis due to Serratia marcescens in intravenous heroin users. The clinical and laboratory features were not different from other acute pyogenic arthritides. Signs of infection were obscure even in the presence of debilitating disease. Although Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus are more common organism in bone and joint infections of heroin users, Serratia should be considered as a possible pathogen in such patients. In the present case, immediate open drainage followed by systemic Gentamicin treatment gave rapid relief of pain and restoration of full range of motion of the joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Molecular and epidemiologic study of multiresistant Serratia marcescens infections in a spinal cord injury rehabilitation unit.

Between March 1984 and February 1986, ten patients admitted to a spinal cord injury/stroke rehabilitation unit became bacteriuric with a strain of Serratia marcescens resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, ticarcillin, cotrimoxazole, gentamicin, and tobramycin. All the patients were catheterized, and in most, bacteriuria was asymptomatic. The organism was also recovered from their hospital environment (sinks, toilets, urine-collecting basins). Analysis of total plasmid content of multiresistant isolates revealed the presence of two plasmids (7 kilobase, 25.5 kilobase), not found in aminoglycoside susceptible strains of Serratia marcescens. Restriction endonuclease analysis and Southern hybridization (DNA probe: 25.5 kilobase plasmid) verified that these plasmids were identical. The 25.5 kilobase plasmid was purified, introduced by transformation into an Escherichia coli strain C recipient, and was found to mediate resistance to gentamicin and tobramycin. The emergence of multiresistant Serratia marcescens coincided with an increase in antibiotic usage on the ward. The reservoir seemed to be the urinary tracts of asymptomatic catheterized patients and their contaminated hospital environment.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Present frequency of the different Serratia species isolated in Grenoble University Hospital Center (author's transl)].

Our study concerns 111 Serratia isolated during a period of seven months in a Grenoble hospital. The different species of Serratia are present with a high predominance of S. marcescens. Distribution, particular biochemical characteristics are discussed, and results of sensitivity to antibiotics, as well for antibiotics used against Gram negative bacteria as for the three quinolines against urinary bacteria. The place of Serratia in the hospital infections is discussed in the last part of this study.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Serratia marcescens in bovine mastitis. Bibliography and a case study (author's transl)].

The literature concerning Serratia marcescens in bovine mastitis is reviewed, and a case of acute mastitis at the Department of Obstetrics, The Veterinary College of Norway, in which Serratia marcescens was isolated in pure culture, is described. Serratia marcescens usually causes only moderately severe symptoms of mastitis, but relapses are common and cases tend to become chronic in nature. The bacterium produces an endotoxin, and this toxin has caused acute mastitis on experimental inoculation into pathogen free udders.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Fistulous pyoderma caused by Serratia liquefaciens].

Human infections with Serratia liquefaciens are rare. We therefore present a patient with fistulous pyoderma due to this pathogen. The success of the therapy of Serratia infections depends on determination of the resistance and sensitivity to antibiotics. Following the tentative diagnosis of dermal tuberculosis, histological, microbiological and X-ray examinations were performed. Serratia liquefaciens was identified by culture as the only cause of the skin lesions. After therapy with sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim, the lesions disappeared.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arrangement in chromatin of DNA sites accessible to Serratia marcescens endonuclease].

Splitting of DNA in rat thymus nuclei by Serratia marcescens endonuclease has been studied. DNA fragments were analyzed by gel electrophoresis. Obtained data indicate that the internucleosomal DNA interacts with histones octamer and is cut by endonuclease to fragments multiple of 10 nucleotides. Limits digestion of nuclei with Serratia endonuclease (up to 50% of DNA acid solubility) leaves in a nondegraded form the chromatin fragments including DNA pieces up to 1000 bases in size-resistant DNA. Partly, the resistant DNA has properties of single-stranded molecules. These data are interpreted so that Serratia endonuclease is able to hydrolyse with some preference one of the DNA strands in chromatin. It can be considered as an evidence of different modes of interaction of the histone core with the two DNA strands.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Serratia marcescens bacteremia in a neonatal intensive therapy center: epidemiological study].

The Authors have isolated Serratia marcescens in nine coltures of blood, effected during the period Genuary 1 - February 28, 1979, in a newborn nursery. They have carried an epidemiologic study in immature ward, in newborn children and sanitary personnel. Extensive cultures of objects, equipment and air were negative for Serratia marcaescens. The exact mode by which Serratia was introduced into the immature ward could not be determined. The Authors point out on importance of contamination in newborn children by @opportunist" Gram-negative bacilli.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1980

Tumor-immunotherapeutic efficacy of Serratia marcescens polyribosomes.

The ability of polyribosomes, obtained from several bacterial species, to suppress the development of cutaneous SaD2 fibrosarcomas in DBA/2 mice were evaluated. Suppression of tumor appearance depended upon the tumor load at the time of treatment, dose of polyribosomes, and species source of polyribosomes, with Serratia marcescens being superior to Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycobacterium bovis (Pasteur), Mycobacterium smegmatis, and Propionibacterium acnes (formerly Corynebacterium parvum). A single injection of 5 or 50 microgram of Serratia polyribosomes at the tumor site 72 hr after the intradermal administration of 1.5 X 10(3) SaD2 cells resulted in 66 to 95% survival. All untreated animals expired within 50 days. Tumor suppression occurred at both flank and footpad sites. Presensitization with polyribosomes and incorporation of polyribosomes into adjuvant were not required for the tumor-suppressive effect. Treatment of Serratia polyribosomes with RNase or pronase reduced the number of survivors. Endotoxin was not detectable with the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay.

Animals↗