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PubMedDate not supplied

Jejunal serosal onlay flap for repair of large common bile duct defect in Mirizzi's syndrome.

Reconstruction of the common bile duct (CBD) has been performed using a variety of materials, ranging from synthetic i.e. teflon, to autogenous tissues such as veins, arteries, appendix, ureter, gallbladder, duodenum, etc. The onlay jejunal serosal patch has been commonly used to cover defects because of duodenal ulcer perforations and injuries. To the best of our knowledge, the use of this technique for choledochoplasty in Mirrizi syndrome has not been reported. We present a case of Mirrizi syndrome type III, in whom nearly three fourths of the CBD was eaten away by a large gallstone and the repair was done using an onlay serosal patch of the jejunum.

Cholestasis, Extrahepatic↗
PubMed2002

Spontaneous nontraumatic hemoperitoneum due to a bleeding arteriovenous malformation on the serosal surface of the transverse colon: a case report.

Arteriovenous malformations of the gastrointestinal tract are a very common entity and a frequently cited cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in adults. They are characteristically found in the mucosa or submucosa of the bowel wall, and the vast majority do not cause any symptoms. We discuss the rare case of an extraluminal arteriovenous malformation of the transverse colon in an elderly woman who presented to the emergency department in hypovolemic shock after collapsing at home. An exploratory laparotomy was performed after a diagnostic peritoneal lavage yielded gross blood. The patient was found to have a spontaneously bleeding lesion confined to the serosal surface of the right transverse colon, which histological examination revealed to be an arteriovenous malformation. The lesion was excised and the patient recovered without sequelae. To date there have been no other documented cases of an arteriovenous malformation on the serosal surface of a visceral abdominal organ.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Pharmacological analysis of the peristalsis block induced by magnesium applied at the serosal and mucosal surfaces of the isolated guinea pig ileum].

Acetylcholine, metacholine, eserine and neostigmine, acting from the serosal surface antagonised the peristaltic block produced by mucosal application of magnesium, as well as when choline esters and anticholinesterases were injected intraluminally and magnesium acted from the serosal side of the guinea-pig isolated ileum. On the other hand, 5-hydroxytryptamine and histamine did not remove the peristaltic block produced by magnesium. It is concluded that cholinoceptive sites within the myenteric plexus which, when stimulated by cholinergic substanced, produce regular peristaltic waves, are accessible from either sides of the guinea-pig isolated ileum.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1989

Effect of staurosporine on histamine release from rat serosal mast cells.

Rat serosal mast cells were challenged with compound 48/80 or calcium ionophore A23187 and the effect of staurosporine, a new inhibitor of protein kinase C, on histamine release from the cells was investigated. Histamine release induced by compound 48/80 or calcium ionophore A23187 was inhibited by staurosporine in a concentration-dependent manner and 0.1 and 1 microM staurosporine inhibited the histamine release significantly. The inhibitory effect of K-252a, another novel protein kinase C-inhibitor, was significantly higher than that of staurosporine on calcium ionophore A23187-induced histamine release. These results suggest that protein kinases will be involved in the process during mediator release from rat serosal mast cells.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1989

Accumulation of low density lipoproteins in stimulated rat serosal mast cells during recovery from degranulation.

Stimulation of rat serosal mast cells in vitro with compound 48/80, a degranulating agent, resulted in an immediate increase in binding of low density lipoproteins (LDL) to the stimulated mast cells. The increase in binding was dose-dependent and closely followed the increase in histamine release, i.e., the exocytosis of mast cell granules. It could be demonstrated that the LDL were bound to exocytosed secretory granules which remained cell-associated. During the recovery period the granule-bound LDL were internalized by the mast cells along with the granules. A single stimulation of mast cells rendered their cytoplasm to be filled with granular material showing positive staining for both apoB and neutral lipid. This change was accompanied by a 30-fold increase in the cellular content of cholesteryl esters. Thus, rat serosal mast cells possess a specific mechanism for uptake of LDL that is activated by stimuli that lead to degranulation, the result being massive uptake of LDL by stimulated mast cells during recovery from degranulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Addition of cAMP to mucosal or serosal medium induces different actions on Necturus gallbladder.

Open tip and Cl(-)-selective microelectrodes were used to study the effects of cAMP on apical membrane potential (Va), fractional voltage ratio (fa) and intracellular chloride activity (aicl) in Necturus gallbladder under open-circuit conditions. In the presence of cAMP in the mucosal medium Va depolarized from -68 +/- 5 mV in control conditions to -56 +/- 5 mV and fa decreased from 0.56 +/- 0.15 in control conditions to 0.15 +/- 0.02. Concomitantly aicl fell from 15 +/- 2 mM to 8 +/- 3 mM, a value close to its electrochemical equilibrium activity. These results differ markedly from those obtained when cAMP was added to serosal medium and indicate that cAMP elicits different transport mechanisms whether it is added to the serosal medium or to the mucosal medium.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Enteric serosal surface in the piglet. A scanning and transmission electron microscopic study of the mesothelium.

The ultrastructure of the serosal mesothelium of the stomach, and small and large intestine has been investigated for the first time by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in the normal piglet. Its fine structure is similar to that reported previously for the calf and rat visceral mesothelium and is notable for the presence of abundant, long, widely spaced microvilli extending from the apical surface of mesothelial cells. Large rough endoplasmic reticula, free ribosomes, and pinocytotic vesicles were numerous, but Golgi apparatuses, mitochondria, lysosomes, and other intracellular inclusions were scarce. Little difference was observed between the serosal mesothelium of the three regions investigated. This information on the normal piglet mesothelium may be useful for future studies of pathogenesis of experimentally induced peritoneal adhesions, since the immature animal is at elevated risk and the porcine digestive tract resembles that of the human.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Urinary bladder serosal chemoreceptor induced cardio-respiratory responses: possible pathway.

There is limited experimental information about pain originating from the urinary bladder. In the present study application of 3-5 ml of 1% ammonium oxalate, 1% potassium chloride, 100m M citric acid, IM ammonium chloride, 1% oxalic acid, 0.5% sodium hydroxide, or 2 micrograms/ml bradykinin, to the serosal surface of the urinary bladder in anaesthetized dogs, resulted in an increase in heart rate, rise of both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and increase in respiratory rate and depth. These facilitatory cardio-respiratory responses were coupled with powerful contractions of the urinary bladder wall. By contrast, mucosal application of the chemicals did not bring about any significant change. The cardio-respiratory responses obtained were completely abolished on serosal application of procaine (1%), section of the hypogastric nerves or by spinalectomy at T8. Bilateral cervical vagotomy and pelvic nerve section did not modify the responses. However, the blood pressure responses were abolished by the administration of tolazoline hydrochloride, indicating a major role of sympathetics in this nociceptive reflex.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Inactivation of interleukin-8 by the C5a-inactivating protease from serosal fluid.

The complement fragment C5a and the cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) are proinflammatory peptides with potent chemotactic activity toward neutrophils. We have previously shown that C5a can be inactivated by a protease that is found in normal synovial and peritoneal fluids but is absent from serosal fluids obtained from patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). We report here that serosal fluids can also eliminate the chemotactic activity of IL-8. The agent responsible for IL-8 elimination appears to be the C5a-inactivating protease, because the pure protease can inactivate IL-8, inactivation of IL-8 by normal peritoneal fluid is partly prevented by an antibody raised against the purified C5a-inactivating protease, and IL-8 is not inactivated by peritoneal fluids from patients with FMF. The ability of this protease to inactivate both, early (C5a) and late (IL-8) inflammatory mediators identifies it as a potentially significant regulator of inflammation.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1996

Utilization of the serosal scarification model of postoperative intestinal adhesion formation to investigate potential adhesion-preventing substances in the rabbit.

A rabbit serosal scarification model was utilized to compare the ability of four drugs, previously administered peri-operatively to horses undergoing exploratory celiotomy, to prevent the development of postoperative intestinal adhesions. The substances compared were 32% Dextran 70 (7 mL/kg), 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose (7 mL/kg), trimethoprim-sulfadiazine (30 mg/kg), and flunixin meglumine (1 mg/kg). The first two were administered intra-abdominally following surgery, while the latter two were administered systemically in the peri-operative period. Fibrous adhesions were evident in all animals in the untreated serosal scarification group. No significant difference in the number of animals with adhesions was found between the untreated control group and any treatment group, nor among the treatment groups. Microscopic examination of adhesions collected at postmortem examination revealed fibers consistent with cotton, surrounded by a giant-cell reaction and ongoing acute inflammation. The source of the fibers was likely the cotton laparotomy sponges used to scarify the intestinal surface, since the pattern in the granuloma and sponge fibers appeared similar under polarized light. Though consistent intestinal adhesion formation was produced in the rabbit, the presence of foreign body granulomas may prevent consideration of this model for future research. The drugs tested were ineffective in preventing the formation of postoperative small intestinal adhesions in this model.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

A case of erythema nodosum and serositis associated with myelodysplastic syndrome.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogenous group of stem cell disorders usually characterized by progressive refractory cytopenias, which could progress to acute myeloid leukemia. MDS may be associated with a wide spectrum of skin lesions, including neoplastic cell infiltration, Sweet's syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema elevatum diutinum, vasculitis, and panniculitis. However, erythema nodosum is rarely associated with MDS. Unusual rheumatologic manifestations in patients with MDS also have been reported, which range from asymptomatic serological abnormalities to classic connective tissue disorders such as Sjögren's syndrome, relapsing polychondritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and mixed connective tissue disease. However, concurrent erythema nodosum and serositis has rarely been reported. We describe a case of MDS with erythema nodosum and immune-mediated pericardial effusion in a 34-year-old woman.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Purulent forms of tuberculous serositis].

Three cases of tuberculosis of serous membranes (1 pleuritis, 1 pericarditis, 1 meningitis) are reported in the absence of detected superinfection, all of them characterized by a purulent effusion. Even in tuberculosis endemic zones, the purulent character of the puncture liquid of tuberculotic serositis appears to be rare or exceptional. Tuberculosis has to be systematically considered among the causes of pleuritis, pericarditis or purulent meningitis when any current investigations are negative.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Mycoplasma hyorhinis in the etiology of serositis among piglets.

In a study on the involvement of Mycoplasma hyorhinis in serositis of piglets, 26 routine diagnostic animals, 3-7 weeks old, with distinct serofibrinous lesions in the pericardial, pleural and peritoneal cavities were examined. M. hyorhinis was isolated in 9 cases, non-haemolytic Escherichia coli in another 9 cases and in 4 cases both species were found. Neither of the microorganisms were found in the remaining 4 cases. The presence of M. hyorhinis in the serous cavities in the absence of non-haemolytic E. coli was always accompanied by a diagnosis of other disease conditions, mainly of the respiratory tract. In the cases infected with non-haemolytic E. coli complicating problems were absent. The pathogenicity of M. hyorhinis was further studied by inoculation of 2 young pigs in which the typical serofibrinous lesions of the serous cavities were produced. It therefore appears that M. hyorhinis can be regarded as a cause of polyserositis in piglets; under field conditions, however, the synergistic presence of other debilitating syndromes appears necessary for its haematogenous spread from the respiratory tract to the serous cavities.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

A syndrome of fibrosing pleuritis, pericarditis, and synovitis with infantile contractures of fingers and toes in 2 sisters: "familial fibrosing serositis".

We describe a family in which 2 sisters born to consanguineous parents developed childhood onset fibrosing pleuritis in association with constrictive pericarditis and bilateral deforming arthropathy of large and small joints of upper and lower extremities including flexion contractures of several fingers (camptodactyly) and toes. One patient also had mitral value prolapse. Histopathological examination of the synovium and pericardium revealed fibrosis, and ultrastructural study of synovium showed abundant inter and intracellular mesh of 9 nm microfibrils. We describe this distinct clinicopathological entity with pleiotropic manifestations, the common features of which appears to be the fibrosis of serous membranes. Therefore, the term "familial fibrosing serositis" is proposed for this entity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Differential expression of the 67 kilodalton laminin receptor in epithelioid malignant mesothelioma and carcinomas that spread to serosal cavities.

Expression of the 67-kd laminin receptor (67-kd LR) has been reported in a wide range of carcinomas, in many of which it correlated with poor differentiation, metastasis, disease progression, and poor survival. Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a locally aggressive and highly lethal tumor of serosal cavities that is rarely associated with clinically detectable metastasis to distant organs. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of the 67-kd LR in epithelioid MM and carcinomas in effusions. Effusions from patients diagnosed with ovarian (=24) and breast (=38) adenocarcinomas and MM (=24) (total = 86) were analyzed for 67-kd LR protein expression, using immunocytochemistry. The 67-kd LR mRNA expression was additionally analyzed in 21 MM effusions using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Protein expression of the 67-kd LR was frequently detected in carcinomas (19/24 ovarian tumors, 79%; 15/38 breast tumors, 39%), but was rare in MM (2/24 cases, 8%), despite the presence of mRNA transcripts for the receptor in all 21 specimens studied using RT-PCR. Nine benign effusions that were additionally studied for protein expression were uniformly negative, as were all reactive mesothelial cells in malignant effusions. Our results suggest that the 67-kd LR may aid in the differential diagnosis between metastatic carcinoma, mainly of ovarian origin, and MM. They additionally suggest that the failure of MM to express the 67-kd LR protein, as opposed to the frequent expression in carcinomas with proven metastatic capacity, may be one of the factors contributing to the reduced ability of the former tumor to metastasize to distant organs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Sonography in diagnosis and follow-up of serosal eosinophilic gastroenteritis treated with corticosteroid.

An 18-year-old patient presented with abdominal pain, nausea, and low-grade fever. Sonography showed ascites in the region of the terminal ileum, and the presence of peritoneal nodules suggested peritoneal inflammation. Cytologic analysis of ascites revealed numerous eosinophils. Sonographic visualization of nodular peritoneal deposits associated with eosinophilic ascites permitted the diagnosis of the serosal form of eosinophilic gastroenteritis. The absence of mucosal and muscular involvement in the bowel wall was confirmed by endoscopy and CT. Two weeks of 20 mg/day oral prednisolone led to relief of the patient's symptoms, with normalization of laboratory parameters and sonographic findings.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1995

Interaction of murine peritoneal leukocytes and mesothelial cells: in vitro model system to survey cellular events on serosal membranes during inflammation.

All serosal cavities including peritoneum are lined with a simple squamous mesothelium. Primary culture of murine mesothelial cells has been established to study their cellular interactions with peritoneal leukocytes. The mesothelial character was determined by the cytokeratin and vimentin expression. The mesothelial cells expressed ICAM-1 and CD44 molecules. The expression of ICAM-1, but not CD44, was significantly enhanced by the treatment with TNF-alpha (100 U/ml). We have also investigated possible influence of transforming growth factors, TGF-alpha (20 ng/ml) and TGF-beta (2 ng/ml), and epidermal growth factor (20 ng/ml). These factors were not found to modulate ICAM-1 or CD44 expression in vitro. During coculture experiments unstimulated mesothelial cells were almost nonadherent for both resident and elicited peritoneal mononuclear leukocytes for several hours. TNF-alpha or EGF pretreatment of mesothelial cells greatly enhanced their adhesive affinity to peritoneal mononuclear leukocytes, while TGF-beta pretreatment even reduced the low basal adhesion. Prolonged coculture for 3 weeks resulted in remarkable proliferation and differentiation of both resident and elicited monocytes/macrophages on the mesothelial surface. The stimulation of mesothelial cell culture with EGF resulted in the macrophage colony-stimulating activity (M-CSA) production. M-CSA was mainly due to M-CSF as confirmed with anti M-CSF monoclonal antibody; the residual M-CSA was not formed by GM-CSF. After several passages the mesothelial cells started to produce M-CSA spontaneously.

Animals↗