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Results for “Rural Development”

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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Medical students' assessments of skill development in rural primary care clinics.

INTRODUCTION: This study assessed the impact of a rural primary care preceptorship on medical students' self-perceived ability to provide acute, chronic, and preventive care, to perform procedures, to communicate with patients, and to understand the community and healthcare system. METHODS: Students were surveyed about their self-assessed skills on 11 major components (97 items) immediately before and after a 16 week preceptorship in a rural primary care clinic. Responses were analyzed for 96 medical students using a paired comparisons t-test and univariate statistics. RESULTS: Students' skills significantly increased on all components and items. The skills most highly assessed post-preceptorship were those skills related to the management of chronic problems, the provision of patient education and health maintenance, and the ability to handle undifferentiated and acute problems. Among the 11 components assessed, students ranked their skills in performing procedures the lowest. The largest cumulative gain in skills was in the areas of understanding health systems and the community. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a unique opportunity to look at skill development before and after a rural clerkship. From the student's perspective, the 16 week preceptorship appears to be of significant educational benefit. Future studies need to examine other measures of performance and outcomes of training in rural primary care settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Growth and behavior development in rural infants in relation to malnutrition and environment.

A group of 224 children from a rural cohort of 625 children registered from 1981 to 1983 in 10 villages of KV Block, Varanasi was assessed for morbidity, physical growth, and behavior development (Gesell's developmental schedule). By first birthday children of normal nutrition grade were reduced to one fourth and numbers in Grade II and III malnutrition doubled. This deterioration in nutritional status was probably due to high morbidity, i.e., gastrointestinal, respiratory infections, etc. The skull circumference was 43 cm at the age of one year, being lower by 3 cm than the average size. Children having Grades II and III malnutrition showed poor development in all the areas of behavior, i.e., motor, adaptive, language and personal social. Besides malnutrition, environmental factors like mother's involvement in teaching, encouraging the child, talking to him or being within the visual range; the parental education, their caste and the child's birth order contributed significantly to the development of the child during infancy.

Child Development↗
PubMed2006

Prevalence and physical determinants of low back pain in a rural Chinese population.

STUDY DESIGN: This was a community-based cross-sectional study that is part of an ongoing study of genetics and osteoporosis. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the 1-year self-reported prevalence of low back pain (LBP); and to assess the association between physical exposures (occupation, physical stress, and vibration) and LBP in a rural Chinese population. This study also explored how these associations change when individuals with LBP report additional pains in other parts of the body. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Little is known about the prevalence and determinants of LBP in rural developing populations, even though approximately half of the world's population, mostly from the developing world, is engaged in agriculture, a known strenuous activity. METHODS: Families with at least three participating siblings residing in the surrounding rural region of Anqing city, Anhui Province, China, were invited to participate in the study through public announcements and direct invitations by village physicians. A questionnaire including demographics, physical exposures, and musculoskeletal pain was administered to 13,965 men and women (age, 25-64 years). Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate LBP prevalence and examine associations between LBP and physical exposures. RESULTS: The 1-year prevalence of LBP was 64%. Twenty-five percent reported no pain at any body site. Women had higher prevalence of LBP than men across all age groups. Being a farmer, reporting moderate or heavy physical stress, and having had former or current exposures to vibration were positively associated with LBP (P < 0.05). Physical exposures were also associated with cases of LBP combined with other musculoskeletal pains, and generally, the more pains individuals reported, the more likely it was that they were farmers and were exposed to vibration. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of LBP and LBP with additional musculoskeletal pain existed in this rural Chinese sample. We found evidence of a link between physical exposures and LBP, and LBP with additional musculoskeletal pain. Further understanding of the characteristics and risk factors of LBP in rural developing areas is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The mental health of rural Australians: developing a framework for strategic research.

This paper argues that lack of adequate research is a barrier to the long-term improvement of the mental health and well-being of rural Australians. Following from national mental health policy, potential research avenues in four broad domains (prevention and early intervention, pathways to care, outcome of illness and aetiology) are defined. These four broad domains are interdependent and research into them can be brought together into a simple framework or model. This model could be used to guide research into rurality and mental health. The proposed model uses the inclusive concept of place to capture the potential complexities of the rural locale as a variable in mental health and disorder. The model's predictor variables include both risk and resilience factors, and the outcome variables extend beyond morbidity to positive psychological wellness. It is proposed that this provisional model, and the strategic research that it directs, will act as a useful counterpoint to the more immediate evaluation and resourcing needs that confront rural mental health.

Australia↗