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PubMed1984

Rhinomanometry--a review.

After a short historical review, the advantages and disadvantages of the current rhinomanometric methods are discussed. In addition, the merits of spirometry or measurements of the air velocity are considered. The physics of nasal ventilation are described and the difficulty in nasal resistance measurement is studied. The different mathematical models representing nasal airflow are presented and the importance of the Broms' mathematical model is stressed.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A system of rhinomanometry in the clinical evaluation of nasal decongestants.

The utility of an anterior rhinomanometric method for the assessment of decongestant drug activity is illustrated with representative clinical data. Controlled studies employing topical nasal spray, nasal inhaler, and oral syrup formulations were conducted under single- or double-blind conditions in patients with allergic or coryzal rhinitis. The method provided an objective means to distinguish active from placebo (vehicle) treatments and to discriminate differences in decongestant activity between two active formulations. Furthermore, objectively determined increases in nasal patency paralleled the patients' subject-ve perception of improved airflow. In conclusion, this rhinomanometric methodology provided objective confirmation of drug activity with orally-administered, inhaled, and topically-applied decongestant drug formulations.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1989

Rhinomanometry for preoperative and postoperative assessment of nasal obstruction.

In this retrospective study we used active, anterior mask rhinomanometric methods to measure nasal resistance before and after surgery for nasal obstruction. The study group comprised 60 patients with nasal obstruction who had 63 preoperative and postoperative rhinomanograms and the control group contained 14 asymptomatic patients who underwent rhinomanometric studies before transnasal, transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Before surgery the study group had significantly higher total and combined unilateral nasal resistances than either the control group before surgery (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively) or the study group after surgery (p less than 0.0001 for both comparisons). Surgery normalized the nasal resistances of the study group in relation to the control group. A total nasal resistance greater than 1 cm H2O/L/sec or a unilateral resistance greater than 3.5 cm H2O/L/sec suggests clinically significant nasal obstruction. Airway narrowing and obstructive symptoms correlated with airway resistance in the preoperative patient, but symptoms did not correlate well with postoperative resistance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Power curves in rhinomanometry].

In diagnostic evaluation of the nose and allergology, the transnasal pressure delta p and the volume flow V is measured during breathing. It is shown that information is lost when measurements are represented form of a rhinomanogram. It is proposed using the measurements to derive the power during breathing and the mean volume flow of a breathing cycle. At a variable amplitude of breathing, the respiration power can be represented as a function of the mean air flow. For this purpose the software of available rhinomanometers merely has to be modified.

Air Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unilateral and bilateral effects of nasal septum surgery demonstrated with acoustic rhinometry, rhinomanometry, and subjective assessment.

Little is known of what happens after an operative correction of nasal septum deviation in the cavity contralateral to the major septum deviation. We studied the effects of septoplasty on the objective and subjective unilateral and bilateral nasal airway in 117 consecutive patients presenting for septoplasty due to a clinically obstructing septum deviation. Significant median increases in nasal flow and cross-sectional areas were noted postoperatively on the deviation side, whereas on the contralateral side the nasal flow and the cross-sectional area at the nasal valve (MCA1) decreased significantly, the median decreases being 19% (p = 0.022) in the flow and 22% (p = 0.0001) in MCA1 before decongestion and correspondingly 22% (p = 0.004) and 21% (p = 0.0001) after decongestion. Only slight median increases were noted in the bilateral assessment postoperatively in these parameters. In the subjective assessment 40% of patients were totally free from nasal obstruction postoperatively and the sensation of obstruction was low in 35%. An inverse correlation was found between the postoperative satisfaction and the decrease in MCA1 on the wide side (r = -0.21, p = 0.03) and positive correlations between the postoperative satisfaction and the increase in MCA1 on the deviation side (r = 0.26, p = 0.0042) and with the bilateral increase in MCA1 (r = 0.20, p = 0.02). The preoperative subjective sensation of nasal obstruction correlated significantly with the objective parameters on the deviation side, but not with the bilateral parameters. In conclusion, it was demonstrated with an objective and subjective assessment that correction of a septum deviation may induce harmful effects to the valve area on the side contralateral to a deviation. However, postoperatively the overall relief of nasal obstruction was good and the satisfaction high in most patients.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1979

A universal way to evaluate the curve in rhinomanometry.

A new way to evaluate the curve of nasal airway resistance has been developed. With polar coordinates, all curves can be described. Also, tightly closed or wide open noses can be compared with angles. The method is of value in clinical as well as in scientific work, especially when dealing with statistics.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1996

[A fundamental study of relationships between rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry].

A cylindrical model consisting of a single or plural acrylic plates with holes of various cross-sectional areas was ventilated by a Harvard pump. Pressure flow curves of the combinations were drawn and analyzed according to the percent expression method. The length of the cylinder through the same cross-sectional area did not influence the ventilatory resistance. Divergent flow toward the downstream part decreased the resistance, but convergent flow from the upstream part did not. Simultaneous setting of convergent flow from the upstream part and divergent flow to the downstream part decreased the resistance most effectively, as much as approximately 70% of the original resistance. Two separately positioned cross-sectional areas in a respiratory circuit increased the resistance about 1.4 times when the separation length was more than 3 cm, while the resistance remained between 1 and 1.4 times when the separation was shorter than 3 cm. The average values of the minimum areas measured by acoustic rhinometry were usually much larger than expected from the present study. One of the factors affecting this difference may be that the axis from the nostril to the choana is complicated enough to significantly modify the aerodynamics of the nasal cavity.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1991

[Nasal provocation test with histamine: rhinomanometry study of normal subjects].

Nasal reactivity to histamine was evaluated in 40 normal subjects. The application of a chloride histamine solution (1 mg) registered in 90% of the subjects the appearance of sneezing with the number of sneezes ranging between one and fourteen (5.7 +/- 3.76) and an average increase in the total resistence in the inspiration phase of 93.1% (+/- 63.2) and in the expiration phase of 98.1% (+/- 60.5) with a range between 37.7% and 24.1%. The authors conclude that sneezing and above all nasal congestion evaluated rhinomanometrically represent two important parameters in the evaluation of nasal reaction; an increase greater than or equal to 200% of the total nasal resistance can surely be considered an index of nasal hyperreactivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Rhinomanometry: indications, limitations and results].

The aim of this study was to present briefly the different techniques for measurement of nasal resistance and to show the importance that we attribute to this measurement. Within the framework of the allergological investigation rhinamometry is a parameter that allows evaluation of the results of allergenic nasal provocation. Nasal provocation is in the framework as a complementary examination that is often indespensable to confirm with most possible certainty the involvement of an allergen in the ORL pathology. Positive etiological diagnosis is a fundamental basis for therapeutic advice.

Airway Resistance↗