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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Surgery and interventional techniques in biliary tract diseases. Combined procedure or concurrent procedure?].

Bile duct stones, benign lesions of the bile duct, and malignant stenoses are principal entities requiring an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment. There are unequivocal indications for surgical and interventional approaches. In many situations sparse data do not allow for clear-cut recommendations, which leads to a competition of surgical and interventional modes of treatment. In cholecystocholedocholithiasis, therapeutic splitting--endoscopic stone extraction and laparoscopic cholecystectomy--is at present the preferred strategy. The laparoscopic approach, including common bile duct exploration, may prove advantageous in the future. Emergency situations caused by choledocholithiasis--purulent cholangitis and biliary pancreatitis--require interventional treatment. For bile duct injuries with biliary leakage and treatment of short strictures, transpapillary or transhepatic prostheses may be adequate. In extended strictures or bile duct defects, surgical repair is required. In malignant stenoses, surgical treatment provides the longest survival. If operability is excluded, an interventional approach offers substantial palliation. The results of the different forms of stents and prostheses are comparable.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed2005

[Imaging procedures in rheumatology. Differential diagnosis using various imaging procedures in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)].

Conventional radiography, ultrasonography (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography, and scintigraphy are imaging techniques in use for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Conventional radiography of the hands and the forefeet should be performed every 6 to 12 months in the first two years, and every 12 to 24 months after two years, in search of erosions. If radiography fails to detect erosions, radiography using a second plane should be done. US or MRI may be used to detect earlier erosions if therapeutic consequences exist. In severe RA, radiography of the cervical spine in the neutral position and with inclination should be performed every 3 to 4 years. MRI should be done, if the distance between atlas and dens is >4 mm. Scintigraphy is indicated if arthralgia occurs in many joints. US may detect or exclude inflammatory changes if arthralgia occurs in a few joints. Single symptomatic joints may be assessed by US to differentiate pathologies. Radiography aids in establishing a differential diagnosis, e. g., to detect osteoarthritis. MRI is indicated if the radiography or US is equivocal. It is indicated to diagnose osteonecrosis or meniscal lesions. Arthrocenthesis may be done without imaging or under radiographic or sonographic guidance.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teaching children with autism using conditioned cue-value and response-marking procedures: a socially valid procedure.

Five children with autism were taught to match printed words to corresponding pictures. Participants' speed of learning was compared across three training conditions, each involving a 5-s delay of reinforcement, using a within-participants alternating treatments design. In the cue-value condition, a verbal phrase of approval (e.g., "good!") was delivered only after correct responses and again after a 5-s delay when a primary reinforcer was delivered; in the response-marking condition, an attention-eliciting verbal cue (e.g., "look!") was delivered after both correct and incorrect responses, but not prior to the primary reinforcer; in the delay only condition, there were no cues during a 5-s delay. Performance in the no-cue control was inferior to both the cue-value and response-marking conditions, but there was little difference between the latter two conditions. The implications of these results for facilitating learning in applied settings are discussed.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1977

Clinical importance of lipase determination by the turbidimetric procedure as compared with determination by a chromatrographic procedure.

The turbidimetric determination of serum lipase activity was compared with the chromatographic determination in three groups of patients, including patients affected by hepatic diseases, patients affected by pancreatic diseases and a control group. The two methods were also compared in the determination of lipase activity of human leucocytes in vitro. The results show that there is a good statistical correlation of lipase turbidimetrically determined at pH 9.15 and amylase in serum of normal individuals and in serum of patients with pancreatic diseases. There is no correlation between amylase and chromatographically determined lipase. The other types of lipase activity determined, i.e. turbidimetrically assayed at pH 5.5 and chromatographically assayed both at pH 5.5 and at pH 9.15, might be related to a different non-pancreatic enzymatic activity which is likely to lack diagnostic value. This suggests that methods of lipase determination based, for instance, on fatty acid liberation are of limited value in clinical studies on lipase.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Transvaginal cervico-isthmic cerclage using polypropylene tape: surgical procedure and pregnancy outcome: Fernandez's procedure].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of performing transvaginal cervico-isthmic cerclage using synthetic tape in prevention of preterm labor in high-risk women. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 24 transvaginal cerclages using polypropylene tape performed in women presenting with high risk of preterm delivery: prior histories of pregnancy losses in the second trimester, prior failure of Mac Donald's cerclage and/or absent portio vaginalis of the cervix. Cerclage was performed between 12 and 16 weeks of gestation. A polypropylene tape was placed at the cervicoisthmic junction by vaginal route. RESULTS: The median age of the patients in this series was 32.1 years (range 22-39 years). No intra-operative complication occurred. The median operating time was 34.9 minutes (+/-5.1) (range 30-45 min). Cesarean delivery was systematically performed in all patients since the cerclage was considered to be definitive. Mean gestational age and birth weight at delivery were respectively 37.1 weeks (+/-1.8) and 2850 g (+/-745). Preterm birth rate was 19% (4/21). Birth at less than 32 weeks occurred in only one patient (4%). In one case, the tape has been removed later because symptomatic vaginal erosion was noted. One neonatal death occurred following amniotic fluid infection at 34 weeks. At the present time, 3 women are at 22, 26 and 26 weeks of gestation with no preterm labor. CONCLUSION: Transvaginal cerclage using polypropylene tape may be considered as an effective and minimally invasive alternative to transabdominal cervico-isthmic cerclage in women presenting with high risk of preterm delivery.

Adult↗