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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Health quality criteria and the analytical procedures for the evaluation of pacifiers].

The health quality criteria for the evaluation of soothers for babies and young children have been developed and the analytical procedures were collected and indicated for the evaluation purposes. They include: sensory analysis global migration migration of metals (Sb, As, Ba, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg, Se) to 0.07 M HCl analysis of volatile compounds chemical demand for oxygen presence of reaction accelerators presence of antioxidants The requirements concerning mechanical and chemical parameters and also general safety of the product have been developed and the procedures for the conformity checking of these parameters, based on Polish Standard and the draft project of European Standard EN 14000 series concerning soothers for babies and small children have also been presented. These criteria have been accepted by the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare as suitable for issuing of health certificates for placing on the market as well as for the current sanitary surveillance of soothers taken from the market. The criteria will be obligatory until the EN 1400 Standards come into force being introduced into Polish legislation.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

[Pacifier use: risks and benefits].

The use of a dummy as a comforting object in childhood is widespread in civilized societies. The advisability of this practice, as well as the shape, material, or time of use of these objects, is controversial. Data on the possible beneficial effects of these objects are numerous, but there is also a long list of disorders which have been associated with their use. Their soothing effect is the most widely recognized beneficial effect and the possible relationship with a lower incidence of sudden infant death syndrome is the newest. The most important risks of this nonnutritive sucking habit are failure of breastfeeding, dental deformities, recurrent acute otitis media, and the risk of accidents. The development of latex allergy, tooth decay, oral ulcers and sleep disorders are other possible problems. The association with a lower intelligence quotient is disputed. Insufficient data are provided by a review of the pros and the cons of dummy use to encourage or discourage this habit. However, there are sufficient data on which to base firm recommendations such as not starting their use in the first days of life, restricting use after the age of 8 months and withdrawing these objects at the age of 1 year. Pediatricians should be aware of and recommend only dummies that meet safety requirements.

Acute Disease↗