SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
A 13-year retrospective study of ureteric tumours in an African Negro population is reviewed. The tumour is rare. Seven cases were reported, six of them admitting to smoking over 50 packets of cigarettes per year. All the tumours were of the transitional cell type and prognosis is related to grade and staging. Nephroureterectomy with excision of a cuff of bladder was the treatment given. Follow-up was poor owing to illiteracy.
In this paper we attempt to present a general view of the situation of hydatidosis in the Province of Rio Negro, Argentina, considering the magnitude of infection in man and dog. Because of its seriousness a 10 year program for the control of hydatidosis has been carried out, which included veterinary and medical care. The number of human cases with hydatidosis in the period 1981-1988 was determined by a retrospective study of the registers of Public Health. From 1188 cases registered in the period, the annual numbers varied between 152 in 1981 and 104 in 1988. This implies an incidence rate of 40 x 100,000. The most frequent localization observed was in the liver. The average days of hospitalization has decreased to 15.8 per patient. Screening seroepidemiological surveys using DD5 allowed us to determine that the prevalence rate was in some departments of 2330 x 100,000. Also included are the results, up to now, of 10 years of field work done in the program area.
The study of 86 cases collected along 5 years regarding the primary bronchus cancer from which the African Negro in Abidjan suffers, points out the recent increase of this pathology, the predominating epidermolid histological type, the fact that men reaching a critical age of 45 years old are mostly concerned and especially those living in the rural areas. Because of the absence of industrial pollution and occupational exposure in Ivory Coast, the very important relation between bronchus carcinoma and smoking cigarettes is suggested.
A brazilian physician, José Martins da Cruz Jobim, may be considered the author of one of the earliest medical reports with a story of the prevalence of the sikle cell trait among african negroes who came to Brazil as slaves, by observing their rather remarkable resistance against malarial infections than other sets of our population. Naturally, his report, published in 1835, must be considered by the actual scientific concepts.
In view of the fact that increased resistance to drugs by malaria parasites in some parts of the world may lead to increasing use of a combination of primaquine with chloroquine for chemotherapy, studies were made on the severity of the haemolytic anaemia induced by 45 mg primaquine in American Negroes with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. It was found that twice-weekly administration of primaquine induced more haemolysis than once-weekly administration, and that administration once weekly for 4 weeks and twice weekly thereafter resulted in a degree of anaemia falling between those produced by the other regimens. Anaemia was not induced in controls with no G6PD deficiency. One volunteer developed an intercurrent infection that was treated with salicylates; his haemolysis was markedly intensified, but whether by the infection, the salicylates or both could not be determined.In a conjoint study, the administration of six malaria-suppressive drugs had no detectable effect on the activities of several erythrocyte enzymes or on the levels of adenosine monophosphate, diphosphate or triphosphate.
This study was carried out to verify the morphology of the spina mentalis. We observed 275 human adult mandibles of both sexes and ethnic groups. An analysis of the results allows the following conclusions: 1. The spina mentalis exists in 90.04% +/- 1.8 of the mandibles of Whites and Negroes; 2. The typical form with four tubercles, as described by some authors, is rarely found; 3. In most cases it characterized by the presence of two upper tubercles (27.27% +/- 7.2); two superior tubercles and one inferior (24.72% +/- 6.7), and one elongated median tubercle (24.0% +/- 6.6); 4. The forms and volumes of the tubercles are very irregular and seem not to depend on age, sex or ethnic group; 5. The spina was absent in 9.8% +/- 3.2 of the cases, especially in mandibles of White teethless individuals; 6. An hypertrophic spina mentalis, generally formed at the expenses of the upper tubercle, is observed in only 1.45% +/- 0.5 of the cases.
This study of 152 cases of tuberculosis in African Negro immigrants seen between 1972 and 1976 showed the predominance of especially pulmonary respiratory lesions and/or hilar ganglio-mediastinal lesions. The other lesions are frequent, i.e. the lesions of lymph nodes, bones, peritoneum, liver, pericardium ; the multiple lesions are likewise frequent. Smears and culture of sputum and/or biopsy of organs or tissues such as pleura, lymph node, liver and peritoneum are the diagnostic procedures. In spite of frequent resistance, treatment with isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol gave good results in high risk subjects, who are almost always allergic on arrival in France.
Osteitis deformans is a relatively common disease in Caucasians, but rare in the indigenous people in Africa. Three cases of Paget's disease occuring in South African Negroes are reported here. Gene marker studies confirmed the absence of Caucasoid genes in these patients.
A new case of alpha chain disease is described in an African negro (Zaïre). The initial diagnosis was lymphoma, diffuse immunoblastic type. serum protein electrophoresis exhibited a normal pattern but immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated alpha heavy chain without reactivity with anti light chains antisera. It seems to be the third case of alpha chain disease in a black patient.
Data on the genetic polymorphisms of the isoenzyme markers GPT, PGM1, PGM2, AcP, AK and ADA are presented for 7 ethnically defined Negro sub-samples (total n = 847-973, depending on the genetic marker concerned) from South Africa. The results are discussed in terms of previous findings, of the anthropogenetic interrelatedness of the populations concerned and of the factors assumed to have an influence on the distribution of the particular genetic markers. The entire data is subjected to the computation of "genetic distances" using several of the formulae available for this purpose. Some tentative conclusions on these results as well as on the formulae applied are drawn.
Two hundred and six individuals (113 males and 93 females) affected with oculocutaneous albinism have been ascertained in 126 Black (South African Negro) families living in Soweto, Johannesburg. The prevalence is approximately 1/3 900 and the carrier rate about 1/32. Autosomal recessive inheritance has been demonstrated for the condition and consanguinity had been shown to be an important factor in the different prevalences found in the different ethnic groups represented in the study. The sex ratio of 1,21 is not significantly different from unity for a sample of this size.
A review of the question of primitive wide angle chronic glaucoma in Negroes. Its frequency, early apparition, frequent unilateral localization and poor improvement with medical treatment are emphasized. The present trends in surgical procedures are given.
Fifty-four eyes of Negro patients of the Caribbean island of Curacao were operated upon for medically uncontrolled open-angle glaucoma. Two different types of surgical techniques were used: procedures with cautery under a scleral flap and trabeculectomy with cautery. A third group, a combined intracapsular lens extraction and trabeculectomy was also included. Trabeculectomy with cautery gave the most successful results: in about half of the eyes without medication and an additional third of the eyes with medication. Failures occurred in about 15%.
BACKGROUND: Hydatidosis constitutes a serious Public Health problem in the Province of Rio Negro, Argentine. This situation has promoted the implementation of a Control Programme, carried out in 1979. The accumulated experience of 13 years works is presented in this study. METHODS: The strategy used is that of the Primary Health Care; and community participation is a fundamental component of the programme as well as local planning and the approach of risk in the allocation of resources. The activities included the systematic dogs deparasitation with Praziquantel, carried out by health agents from the system rural hospitals (health promoters not professional staff); the surveillance of dogs rate of infection by means of diagnostic deparasitations made with hydrobromide or arecoline, educational talks at schools, the use of mass media, an the determination of ovine parasitism in studies carried out in the area abattoirs. RESULTS: The information registered indicates that 1,86,156 dog deparasitations with Praziquantel were carried out with a consumption of 443,533 tablets and 11,178 deparasitations with hydrobromide and Arecoline. A continuous decrease of rates appears during the Period 1979-1992. So, dog Echinococcosis was reduced from 41.5% to 4.24% and ovine Hydatidosis from 61% to 12.7%. Consequently, Human Hydatidosis has decreased from an incidence rate of 64.11 x 100,000 in the age group of 0 to 10 years to and incidence rate of 4.46 x 100,000. CONCLUSIONS: Finally, the results of the Programme are analyzed in the light of other global experiences of control; and the strategies that should be put into practice in the future with a view to a final limitation of the rate of transmission to man are analyzed.
Hydatidosis is a serious Public Health problem in the Province of Río Negro, Argentina. This situation has promoted the implementation of a control programme based on the canine systematic deparasitation with Praziquantel, health education, work control and care of persons. The accumulated experience of 15 years works, carried out to develop the last work--line mentioned above, is presented in this study. The activities includes the registry of human cases, the early identification of asymptomatic carries, the infected persons derivation to the hospital system in order to allow their appropriate treatment, the longitudinal follow up of the operated cases and the epidemiologic surveillance of the human hydatidosis situation. A network of laboratories was organized, as a support to satisfy the hospital demand, under the coordination of a central laboratory of reference and serologic surveys, among the groups at risk, were also carried out. The information registered indicates that a total of 60,078 serologic tests were carried out in the whole Province: out of them, 22,899 corresponded to hospital demand (DD5) and 37,179 to serologic surveys (originally latex, then DD5, and now Elisa). 65% of the cases, diagnosed by official register, is derived from rural areas to complexity hospitals, to be put under surgical treatment, and, out of these operated persons, only 3.9% is derived from the appearance of clinical symptomatology. A sustained reduction in the average days of stay, in lethality and in the rate of serologic prevalence in school children from 7 to 13 years of age, are achieved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Twelve elements in the hair of children living in Bangkok (Thailand) were compared with those of children living in Negros Island (Philippines) and Takarazuka (Japan). With the exception of lower Se and F values, the contents of Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe and Al in the hair of children in Bangkok were higher than those in Japanese children. A high coefficient of correlation was obtained between Cu and Fe, Cu and Mn, Se and Fe, Se and Cu, Se and Mn in the children of Bangkok. These findings were not found in other groups.
The dermatological aspects of eight negro patients with hypopigmented sarcoid lesions are described. Light microscope histochemical studies in patients did not reveal the mechanism of the hypopigmentation. However, electronmicroscopy of lesions in two patients showed melanocytes undergoing changes resembling those observed in other acquired hypopigmentary conditions. It is suggested that in these disorders, melanocytes react morphologically in a similar non-specific manner, whatever the prime pathological process.
Because of frequency and seriousness of myelo radicular complications of narrow lumbar canal, the authors studied its radiological and anatomical measurements in order to specify the standards for senegalese negro african. For that purpose, they collected samples of 21 lumbosacral spines from new cadavers through medico legal necropsies. Pieces have been first X rayed, then treated. They measured the antero posterior diameter of vertebral corpse, the anterio posterior diameter of vertebral canal, the narrowest transversal diameter of vertebral corpse and the inter pedicular distance. The authors found no significant differences between radiological and anatomical measurements, but the latest changed from one stage to another. The variations also were not important comparatively to standards established by two authors.