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PubMed1999

Nandrolone decanoate is a good alternative for the treatment of anemia in elderly male patients on hemodialysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficiency of nandrolone decanoate (ND) in the control of anemia in elderly male patients on hemodialysis (HD), and to determine its influence on nutritional parameters. DESIGN: A prospective 6-month study with randomization of patients on recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) therapy into two groups. Group A: rHuEPO was stopped before starting treatment with ND. Group E: rHuEPO was continued. SETTING: Renal unit, tertiary-care center. PATIENTS: 14 male patients in Group A and 19 patients, 12 males and 7 females, in Group E. INTERVENTIONS: In Group A rHuEPO was stopped and ND 200 mg/I.M. weekly was given over six months. RESULTS: The increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels was progressive with ND, and significant differences (p < 0.003) were evident after six months (9.6 +/- 1.0 vs 11.0 +/- 1.4 and 28.9 +/- 4.7 vs 33.0 +/- 4.7, respectively), which remained unmodified in Group E. Group A showed a significant increase in serum creatinine, total protein, transferrin and anthropometric parameters. These parameters remained stable and even presented a tendency to decrease in Group E. There was a significant rise in the concentration of triglycerides and a significant decrease in both HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1 in Group A. However, lipoprotein (a) decreased significantly. No significant changes were detected in Group E. CONCLUSIONS: The use of ND would allow us an acceptable treatment of anemia as well as a better nutritional condition in elderly male patients on dialysis.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Effects of nandrolone decanoate on the toxicity and anti-tumour action of CCNU and FU in murine tumours.

Pre-treatment with the anabolic steroid nandrolone decanoate (ND) increases the LD50 of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) and 5-Fluorouracil (FU) in NMRI mice. Administration of ND did not affect the anti-tumour action of CCNU against a transplantable mouse adenocarcinoma of the colon (MAC 13) or the anti-tumour action of FU against MAC 26. In both tumour lines ND had no significant effect on tumour growth. These data suggest that an increase in the anti-tumour selectivity of these agents may be produced by pre-treatment with ND.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

Differential effects of nandrolone decanoate in fast and slow rat skeletal muscles.

PURPOSE: We studied the effects of high doses of an anabolic-androgenic steroid, exercise training, and a combination of steroid and training on mammalian fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscles at the cellular level. METHODS: Thirty-two male rats were divided into sedentary and treadmill-trained groups (increased speed and time: 18 m.min-1, 0.5 h.d-1, 5 d.wk-1). Eight animals of each group were treated with nandrolone decanoate (ND) (15 mg.kg-1.wk-1), and others received the same doses of solvent. The animals were killed after 5 wk, and the contractile parameters for isolated small bundles of soleus and extensor digitorum longus (edl) fibers were estimated. RESULTS: Muscle mass, twitches, and K+ contractures were increased in soleus and edl muscles after the drug treatment and after the exercise training. Caffeine contractures were increased only after the exercise training. The combination of exercise with ND treatment produced greater effects, particularly a significant increase in sensitivity to caffeine and the amplitude of K+ contractures as well as a shortening of the time required to restore contracture. These modifications were more marked in slow than fast muscle. CONCLUSION: These results show that 5 wk of exercise training produced changes in the contractile responses developed by isolated skeletal muscle cells. The combination of exercise training with ND treatment potentiated these effects, suggesting that there was some modification in the excitation-contraction coupling mechanism. ND treatment also produced a more potent effect in soleus than edl sedentary muscle.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1994

Virilization of the voice in post-menopausal women due to the anabolic steroid nandrolone decanoate (Decadurabolin). The effects of medication for one year.

In a prospective study the effects on the voice of nandrolone decanoate super-imposed on cyclical hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) given to post-menopausal women suffering from a severe form osteoporosis were compared with the effects of HRT alone. Comparing the experimental group with the control group, after one year of medication in the experimental group a higher percentage of patients had: a lower fundamental frequency during speech, a loss of high frequencies and an increase in voice instability and creakiness. The lowering of the frequencies and the increase of instability can be explained by histological changes in the vocal cords and by problems in the adaptation to these histological changes.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

The reversibility of sperm quality after discontinuing nandrolone decanoate in adult male rats.

AIM: To investigate the reversibility of the effect of nandrolone decanoate (ND) on sperm parameters after discontinuing the drug. METHODS: Three groups of rats received peanut oil (control), low and high doses of ND for 14 weeks, respectively. Each group was divided into subgroups A and B, in which rats were killed 14 and 28 weeks after initiating the injection, respectively. RESULTS: Sperm count and motile sperm fraction were decreased in the subgroups A and B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with the controls A and B, respectively. The sperm count and motile sperm fraction increased in the subgroups B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. The number of normal morphology sperm was decreased significantly in subgroups A receiving low and high doses of ND in comparison with the control subgroup A. However, this parameter was not decreased in subgroups B receiving low and high doses in comparison with the control subgroup B. The normal sperm morphology did not show any significant differences in the subgroups B in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. CONCLUSION: The 14-week injection of low and high doses of ND decreases sperm quality and quantity in rats. These parameters were improved after discontinuing ND, but not recovered completely even when they are left untreated for 14 weeks.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed2005

Use of nandrolone decanoate as an adjuvant for erythropoietin dose reduction in treating anemia in patients on hemodialysis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Use of androgen as an adjuvant therapy to treat anemia in patients on hemodialysis is debated. Our target is to assess the safety and the efficacy of nandrolone decanoate (ND) as an effective adjunctive therapy to treat such anemia. METHODS: This study included 32 anemic adult hemodialysis patients who had adequate iron stores. They were randomized into two equal groups: the first group received subcutaneously a low dose of erythropoietin (EPO) 1,000 U three times weekly combined with ND, 50 mg intramuscularly twice weekly, and the second group received only the same low dose of EPO for the 6-month study period. All patients were subjected to a serial follow-up of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit % (Hct%), iron store indices, serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration and liver function tests. RESULTS: A significant rise of both Hb and Hct in both groups was found at the end of the study (p < 0.001). Although the rise of both Hb and Hct was higher in the androgen group, it was not rated as being statistically significant. Both groups showed a significant rise of serum IGF-1 concentration at the end of the study in comparison to its initial value. Moreover, the androgen group attained a more statistically significant rise of IGF-1 serum concentration. Four female patients discontinued ND because of related adverse effects, principally distressing hirsutism and hepatic dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Addition of ND to a low-dose EPO regimen does not offer a significant benefit. Androgen-related side effects limit its use in female patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Treatment with nandrolone decanoate and megestrol acetate in HIV-infected men.

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition, especially loss of lean body mass, is a frequent complication of people living with HIV that may increase their mortality and morbidity. METHODS: Nine HIV-infected men with unexplained loss of >10% of their usual weight were selected. They received megestrol acetate (MA) (400 mg/day by mouth) and nandrolone decanoate (ND) (100 mg/15 days intermuscular injection) over 16 weeks. Anthropometric evaluations, bioelectrical impedance, grip strength dynamometry, hematologic, biochemical, immunological and hormonal analysis before, during, and after the treatment were performed. Quality of life was evaluated by the Karnofsky index. RESULTS: In the 7 men that finished the treatment, there were significant increases in weight (11.9 +/- 9.1 kg, p < .05), 4-site skinfold measurements (p < .05), midarm circumference (p < .005), and fat-free mass (FFM) (5.1 +/- 4.1 kg, p < .05). The increase in fat mass was not statistically significant (6.9 +/- 6.4 kg, NS). Muscle strength increased significantly (p < .005). The Karnofsky index values increased from 59% to 73% (p < .05). One patient developed mild hyperglycemia and another one had an increase in aspartate transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase that reversed after the treatment. Four patients developed asymptomatic adrenal suppression. Testosterone serum levels decreased significantly during the study (p < .05), and 4 patients had serum values below the normal range at week 16. One patient developed gynecomastia. CONCLUSIONS: The combined treatment with MA and ND led to a significant increase in body weight and FFM. Muscle strength and quality of life improved during the study. The treatment was well tolerated with mild side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Nandrolone, a 19-nortestosterone, enhances insulin-independent glucose uptake in normal men.

The effect of exogenous androgens on glucose metabolism is controversial. This study was designed to clarify the impact of testosterone enanthate (TE), an aromatizable androgen, and nandrolone decanoate (ND), a nonaromatizable androgen, on glucose disposal. Eleven healthy men were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind cross-over study. All subjects completed two treatment cycles consisting of two weekly injections of placebo followed by six weekly injections of either TE (300 mg/week) or ND (300 mg/week). Treatment periods were separated by a 4-week washout. A tolbutamide-modified, frequently sampled, iv glucose tolerance test was used to assess insulin-dependent and insulin-independent glucose disposal. Data were analyzed using Bergman's minimal model. Parameters examined included acute insulin response to glucose, fasting insulin level, glucose disappearance constant, insulin sensitivity index, glucose effectiveness at basal insulin (SG), and glucose effectiveness at zero insulin (GEZI). Neither androgen adversely affected glucose disposal. To the contrary, treatment with ND actually improved noninsulin-mediated glucose disposal as expressed by SG and GEZI. In ND-treated men, SG (x 10(-2) min(-1)) rose from 2.4 +/- 0.2 at the end of the placebo period to 3.7 +/- 0.6 after treatment (P < 0.05), whereas GEZI (x 10(-2) min(-1)) increased from 1.8 +/- 0.2 to 3.1 +/- 0.6 (P < 0.01). We conclude that the treatment of normal men with supraphysiological doses of either TE or ND does not adversely affect glucose metabolism. Treatment with a nonaromatizable androgen, such as ND, actually improves glucose metabolism by enhancing noninsulin-mediated glucose disposal.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Bodybuilders' body composition: effect of nandrolone decanoate.

INTRODUCTION: The use of androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) among bodybuilders to increase muscle mass is widespread. Nandrolone decanoate (ND) is one of the most popular misused AAS, although the effects on body composition are equivocal. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ND on body composition in male bodybuilders, with special reference to muscle mass alterations. METHODS: Using a randomized "double-blind" "placebo-controlled" design, 16 experienced male bodybuilders (age: 19-44 yr) either received ND (200 mg.wk(-1), intramuscularly) or placebo for 8 wk. Body composition was assessed using the four-component model, combining results from underwater weighing, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and deuterium dilution. Total bone mineral content and density were measured using DXA. Water compartments (extracellular water [ECW] and intracellular water [ICW]) were determined using deuterium dilution and bromide dilution. RESULTS: ND administration resulted in significant increments of body mass (+2.2 kg), fat-free mass (FFM: +2.6 kg), and total body water (+1.4 kg). No significant changes in fat mass, percentage fat, ECW, ICW, ECW/ICW ratio, hydration of the FFM, and on bone mineral measurements were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the administration of 200 mg.wk(-1) of ND (intramuscularly) for 8 wk significantly increased body mass and FFM, whereas fat mass, bone mineral content, bone mineral density, and the hydration of the FFM remained unaffected. These data indicate that the changes can be attributed to an increase of muscle mass.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Nandrolone administration does not promote hypertrophy of soleus muscle in rats].

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are compounds formed from testosterone or one of its derivatives, which are largely used by amateur e professional athletes to improve the athletic performance. However, the scientific information about the relation between the use of AAS and muscle hypertrophy is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of testosterone and physical training on muscle hypertrophy. Male Wistar rats received i.m. injections of Deca-Durabolin or vehicle during 6 weeks. Trained rats were submitted to a resistance physical training, by jumping up and down in water carrying an overload. Sedentary and trained animals were anesthetized and sacrificed. Soleus muscle was removed for the quantification of total protein and DNA concentration. In the end of the treatment, body weight of trained animals treated with vehicle or AAS was lower than the body weight of respective sedentary. Total protein concentration and the ratio muscle weight/body weight of all experimental groups were not altered. Trained group treated with AAS presented lower DNA concentration than trained group treated with vehicle. The administration of nandrolone decanoate did not promote hypertrophy on soleus muscle, not even when the use of AAS was associated to resistance physical training.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1992

Exuberant local tissue reaction to intramuscular injection of nandrolone decanoate (Deca-Durabolin)--a steroid compound in a sesame seed oil base--mimicking soft tissue malignant tumors: a case report and review of the literature.

We present an unusual pseudotumor that formed in reaction to self-administered intramuscular injections of an anabolic steroid, nandrolone decanoate (Deca-Durabolin) in a young soldier. The histopathologic features which closely mimicked several malignant neoplasms could have led to an incorrect diagnosis of malignancy and unnecessary extensive surgery. To our knowledge, this phenomenon has not been previously reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Functional and quantitative changes of immune cells of ageing NZB mice treated with nandrolone decanoate. I. Effect on survival and autoantibody development.

We analysed the effect of nandrolone decanoate (ND) on functional and quantitative changes in immune cell populations, on survival, and on autoantibody production of female New Zealand Black (NZB) mice. Our results confirmed that, with increasing age, untreated NZB mice display a lower natural killer (NK) cell activity, an impaired T-cell function as evidenced by a reduced mitogen lymphoproliferative response, IL-2 production and generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes, a lower level of thymic serum factor (TSF), a reduced percentage of Thy-1+ cells; we also observed an increased incidence of mice with abnormally high levels of anti-DNA in the serum. In addition, we demonstrated an important defect in the IL-1 production by LPS-stimulated macrophages. ND administered to female NZB mice increased the survival time of the animals and reduced the anti-DNA titres. This favourable effect was associated with improved immune responses, especially those mediated by T cells; these included increased IL-2 production, complete recovery of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), a significant augmentation of the percentage of Lyt-2+ cells and enhanced TSF level. Moreover IL-1 production by macrophages returned to normal. These results suggest that ND acts on T-cell differentiation, either by a direct effect on thymic epithelial cells resulting in an increased TSF release, and/or via macrophage regulatory activity. The protective effect of ND may also be attributed in part to the higher number of Lyt-2+ (suppressor) T cells present in the spleen after treatment.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Effect of nandrolone decanoate on Sjögren's syndrome like disorders in NZB/NZW mice.

The effects of 2.5-40 mg/kg nandrolone decanoate (ND) on the development and growth of mononuclear cell infiltrations in the submandibular glands of NZB/W (B/W) mice have been studied using a quantitative histological method. Injections with ND for 9 months, once every 3 weeks, starting at 4 weeks of age, reduced the number and total area of infiltrations in submandibular glands of female and castrated male B/W mice. Since ND has relatively weak virilizing properties, this substance may be useful for the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Nandrolone decanoate reduces the premature mortality of cardiomyopathic hamsters.

Male hamsters of an inbred strain carrying a genetic trait for cardiomyopathy were dosed by sc injection weekly with an anabolic-androgenic steroid, nandrolone decanoate, beginning when 3 months old. Two groups (N = 17) received doses of 2 and 4 mg per animal, while a vehicle control group received an equal volume of sesame oil. Rather than a hypothesized shortening of longevity, the steroid treatment significantly prolonged survival of the hamsters, which ordinarily die of congestive heart failure. At the median time to death for controls (355 days of age, 257 days of treatment), the steroid groups had mortality of only 2/17 and 4/17 (vs. 9/17, p < 0.01).

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1998

Effects of combined treatment with etidronate, nandrolone-decanoate and calcium on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

The objective of this retrospective study was to see whether the effect on bone mineral density (BMD) and response to the intermittent cyclic treatment with etidronate (E) + nandrolone-decanoate (ND + calcium (Ca) (group A--combined regimen--400 mg E daily for 2 weeks, followed by 500 mg Ca daily for the next 10 weeks + 50 mg ND once a month i.m., for 3 months in every other E cycle) was of greater benefit than cyclic E + Ca treatment (group B--standard regimen--E + Ca given in the same manner as in group A) or Ca treatment alone (group C--calcium regimen--500 mg Ca daily, continuously for 1 year). Group A comprised 30, group B 27 and group C 26 postmenopausal women with spinal BMD > or = 1 standard deviation below young adult mean (T score < or = -1) without vertebral fractures. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar spine and femoral neck before (baseline values) and after one year treatment period. A similar, statistically significant increase in BMD was noted at lumbar spine in groups A and B (3.6% and 3.8%, respectively) and at femoral neck in groups A and B (1.7% and 2.5%, respectively). In group C, the bone loss at lumbar spine was prevented but no significant increase was recorded (0.3%) and at femoral neck an insignificant decrease in BMD was recorded (-0.3%). Percentages of change from baseline were significantly higher in groups A and B in respect to those in group C but there were no significant differences between groups A and B either at lumbar spine or at femoral neck. In about 30% of women from groups A and B, spinal BMD increased by more than 4.2% ("real" responders to the given therapy). A femoral BMD increase of more than 5.6% was recorded in about 13% of women from groups A and B. In group C, no such increase was recorded. In conclusion, combined intermittent cyclical regimen of E + ND + Ca has not proven to be superior to the intermittent cyclic regimen of E + Ca.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1994

Treatment with the anabolic steroid, nandrolone, reduces vasoconstrictor responses in rabbit arteries.

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of chronic treatment of rabbits for 4, 8 and 12 weeks with the anabolic steroid, nandrolone, on the contractile responses induced by different agents in segments of thoracic aorta and mesenteric and femoral arteries. In the three types of arteries, the contractions elicited by noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and angiotensin II were increased by endothelium removal. The treatment reduced the contractions elicited by the three agents (mainly those caused by 5-hydroxytryptamine) in aorta, and only those caused by 5-hydroxytryptamine in mesenteric arteries. Ca(2+)-free medium containing 0.1 mM ethylene glycol bis (beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) reduced the responses elicited by 1 microM noradrenaline, 10 microM 5-hydroxytryptamine and 0.1 microM angiotensin II in aorta segments from control rabbits. Addition of CaCl2 to this medium restored the initial responses elicited by the three agents in normal medium, both in arteries from control and treated rabbits. In aorta, the contractions elicited by phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB), an activator of protein kinase C, were reduced by the treatment. Staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, reduced the responses evoked by PDB. Likewise, the contractions caused by noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and especially by angiotensin II were also reduced by staurosporine. These results suggest that the thoracic aorta is the most affected by the treatment, and that the reduction of contractile responses appears to be due to changes in protein kinase C activity and/or in a mechanism situated beyond protein kinase C activation.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1995

Effects of nandrolone propionate on experimental tumor growth and cancer cachexia.

We studied the tumor host response to excessive doses of an anabolic steroid (nandrolone propionate, 2.5 mg 20 g intraperitoneally every second day for 11 days) with respect to body composition and tumor cell kinetics in MCG 101 sarcoma-bearing mice (C57BL/6J) with progressive cachexia. Although survival and food intake were not affected, a significant weight gain was observed that was essentially attributed to water retention. Net protein content was increased only to a minor extent (15%), of which only the liver accounted for a significant part of the body compartments. Hepatic protein accumulation was obviously caused by decreased protein degradation, since hepatic RNA content was unchanged. After anabolic steroid administration, reduced histochemical staining of succinate dehydrogenase was observed in skeletal muscles rich in oxidative type 1 fibers, but it was not different from that of tumor-bearing control animals, which was also confirmed by measurements of citrate synthase and cytochrome c oxidase activities in skeletal muscle and liver tissue. The anabolic steroid had no significant effect on tumor growth in terms of weight progression, energy state, polyamine synthesis rate, cell division rate, and cell cycle cytocompartments. We conclude that anabolic steroid supplementation is not therapeutically beneficial in counteracting progressive weight loss in experimental cancer.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1992

Can nandrolone add to the effect of hormonal replacement therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis?

Thirty-six women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (31 of them with at least one non-traumatic vertebral compression fracture) were matched pair-wise as to age, years since menopause and body mass index and randomized to receive either cyclical estrogen-progestagen replacement treatment (group 1) or the same treatment plus nandrolone decanoate (group 2). During the first year of treatment in both groups the forearm BMC (SPA) rose proximally and distally 2-3%. Over 2 years the increments of forearm BMC in both groups were up to 4.5%. Lumbar BMC (DPA) rose in both groups nearly 10% over the first year and 12-12.5% over 2 years. The cancellous bone density of L3 (QCT) showed in 6 months an increase of 21% in group 1 and 29% in group 2 to subsequently stay at that level. All these changes from the basal levels were highly significant but there were no significant differences between the two groups. These two conclusions were also drawn with regard to the induced fall of serum alkaline phosphatase (-23%), osteocalcin (-35% to -44%) and procollagen I (-15% to -22%) and of the fasting urinary hydroxyproline (-33% to -36%). No significant increase in the number of newly deformed vertebrae occurred in 2 years.

Aged↗