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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

University-assisted community school program of West Philadelphia: democratic partnerships that make a difference.

The university-assisted community school model is showing results for children and youth in West Philadelphia. The University of Pennsylvania's (Penn's) Center for Community Partnerships has coordinated universitywide efforts, in partnership with the community, in order to create and develop community school programs. The Sayre program aims to become a university-assisted community school, with a comprehensive community problem-solving curriculum and communitywide program that is fully integrated across both the Sayre curriculum and the curriculum of a number of Penn's schools. The Penn-Sayre project demonstrates that higher education can be a permanent anchor for revitalizing schools and communities if the vast resources it possesses, particularly its faculty, students, and staff, are brought to bear in a coordinated fashion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Adaptive capacity and community-based natural resource management.

Why do some community-based natural resource management strategies perform better than others? Commons theorists have approached this question by developing institutional design principles to address collective choice situations, while other analysts have critiqued the underlying assumptions of community-based resource management. However, efforts to enhance community-based natural resource management performance also require an analysis of exogenous and endogenous variables that influence how social actors not only act collectively but do so in ways that respond to changing circumstances, foster learning, and build capacity for management adaptation. Drawing on examples from northern Canada and Southeast Asia, this article examines the relationship among adaptive capacity, community-based resource management performance, and the socio-institutional determinants of collective action, such as technical, financial, and legal constraints, and complex issues of politics, scale, knowledge, community and culture. An emphasis on adaptive capacity responds to a conceptual weakness in community-based natural resource management and highlights an emerging research and policy discourse that builds upon static design principles and the contested concepts in current management practice.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed1999

A descriptive survey to identify the perceived skills and community skill requirements of mental health staff.

Throughout the 1990s mental health care has shifted from a hospital to a community-based service. Government policy indicates that staff require further education as a result of the shift to community care. However, none of the United Kingdom policy documents or mental health literature prescribes what education is required. Consequently this multidisciplinary study aimed to identify what skills, if any, were required by hospital-based staff to move to a community-based working environment. Study findings suggest advantages in perceiving skills as overlapping and interconnecting. Five common core skills and skill differences between professional groups are identified. It is argued that core skills are central and common to all groups and specialist skills are those that distinguish professional groups one from another and different grades of staff within professional groups. While problems of multidisciplinary education are considered, nevertheless a case is made for educating staff in core skills within a multidisciplinary environment which may be beneficial in achieving community care goals.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed2004

National action plan to reduce smoking during pregnancy: the National Partnership to Help Pregnant Smokers Quit.

Although there has been remarkable progress and momentum toward achieving smoke-free pregnancies in the United States since 1990, concerted action is needed to close the remaining gaps in treatment and prevention so that we can reach the Healthy People 2010 goal for pregnant smokers: a prevalence of 1% or less. This need for action led to the formation of the National Partnership to Help Pregnant Smokers Quit, a collaboration among more than 50 organizations and agencies, public and private, that have joined forces to help pregnant smokers quit by providing proven clinical and community-based interventions to every pregnant smoker. This article summarizes the action plan developed by the partnership, the strategies it outlines, and some of the actions taken by partners over the past year to put the plan into action. Action is planned and progress is being made in five strategic areas: offering help through the health care system; using the media effectively; harnessing community and worksite resources; promoting policies known to increase smoking cessation efforts and successes; and expanding national research, surveillance, and evaluation efforts.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Training for rural family medicine: a cooperative venture of government, university, and community in Alberta.

Training, recruiting, and retaining family physicians in rural areas are issues that have attracted the attention of governments, university training programs, medical governing bodies, and rural communities. In this article, the authors describe a cooperative venture between government, university, and community in the province of Alberta to train medical students and residents in rural areas. The Rural Physician Action Plan (RPAP) was developed in the early 1990s to improve the recruitment and retention of physicians in rural areas. The RPAP is coordinated by a committee composed of representatives of the Alberta government, the Alberta Medical Association, the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta, and the faculties of Medicine at the University of Alberta and the University of Calgary. Residents in the University of Alberta Department of Family Medicine are required to do 20 weeks of blocktime training in a community practice, and under the auspices of the RPAP rural training sites were identified and rural rotations developed. Faculty development activities were developed for the community physicians who would host the residents. The RPAP funds 24 third-year residency positions, equally divided between the University of Calgary and the University of Alberta. Beginning in 1994, undergraduate medical students at the University of Alberta were required to complete a four-week family medicine rotation, with a majority of students being posted to rural training sites. The extent to which the RPAP has helped to recruit and retain physicians in rural areas is not clear. The provincial Ministry of Health evaluated the RPAP in 1995 and concluded that, at a minimum, without the RPAP the province would have suffered a net loss of rural physicians. The communities have been very accepting and supportive of the students and residents.

Alberta↗
PubMed1998

The role of local health units in a managed care environment: a case study of New York City.

With the growth of managed care, local health units (LHUs) and managed care organizations (MCOs) across the country are forging new relationships in an effort to serve the interests of both entities. Through collaboration, LHUs and MCOs can maximize resources, expand health promotion efforts, and benefit from each party's respective expertise. This study draws on the experiences of the New York City Department of Health and other local health units to identify seven basic models for interaction with MCOs and to present suggested steps and strategies for LHUs to develop successful collaborations with MCOs.

Community Health Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reinvigorating public health core functions: restructuring Los Angeles county's public health system.

In 1997, the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services launched an effort to revitalize its Public Health Services division. County investments resulted in the creation of 241 new positions, facilitating the establishment of new offices addressing neglected chronic disease prevention, staff development, training, and communication. Service effectiveness and community responsiveness were enhanced by decentralizing leadership through eight Area Health Offices and strengthening partnerships with private health care providers, community-based organizations, and managed care organizations. Infrastructure enhancements included the development of program performance measures, countywide health indicators, a central health assessment and epidemiology office, and a new countywide biennial survey.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2006

Processes and capacity-building benefits of lay health worker outreach focused on preventing cervical cancer among Vietnamese.

The authors organized a lay health worker (LHW) outreach program with Vietnamese women that produced significant increases in Pap testing. The program was conducted by five partner agencies and 50 LHWs and involved 1,005 women. This article reports on the roles of the agencies and coordinators, the selection of LHWs, the processes LHWs used in identifying and recruiting participants, the ways they conducted their outreach work, and their strategies for maintaining participation. The article also reports on the LHWs' perspectives about how they benefited and what they found to be most rewarding and challenging about being a LHW. Based on the analysis of this information, the authors present a conceptual framework for understanding how different contextual factors shape the processes and capacity-building benefits of LHW outreach, describing four contextual domains that shape LHW outreach: the sociocultural domain and organizational domain, which overlap in the programmatic domain, all of which are framed by the structural domain. This analysis provides an approach for understanding how lay health work is shaped by a broader context.

Asian↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Meeting the needs of people with learning disabilities in acute care.

This article describes the work of the Birmingham Acute Hospital Liaison Project, which seeks to support people with learning disabilities in acute care. Following the community care reforms, more and more people with learning disabilities are accessing mainstream primary and secondary healthcare services in community settings staffed by generic rather than specialist learning disability staff. Unfortunately, research suggests that some people with learning disabilities receive poor quality care and that available services are not always responsive to their needs. As a result, the Acute Hospital Liaison Project has a dual role: supporting people with learning disabilities as they enter hospital; and working with ward staff to equip them with the skills and confidence they need to work more effectively with people with learning disabilities.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed2004

[Analysis of regional health policy for children: an example from Lorraine].

Whereas today we have good, solid knowledge of the perception of health and its objectives from the perspective of youth, the recommendations of the High Commission on Public Health are geared towards the implementation of an overall health policy focusing on adolescent health. How is this policy implemented on a regional level? Is there coherence between actions undertaken within the same region? How do the various actors, elected officials, professionals, young people and families work together? A survey was conducted in the Lorraine region involving 217 people with a framework utilising both individual and group interviews. All categories of actors and stakeholders were represented. The results of this work demonstrate an often negative representation settings, and a partition of different approaches. Given that a variety of activities and actions exist, they are most often thematic. There undoubtedly remains a need to create links and build bridges between all of the projects carried out and to define in a more precise manner the common objectives focused on the health of young people.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Sponsorship networks. A new model for preserving congregations' presence in the Catholic healthcare ministry.

A renewal of vision is necessary today as healthcare shifts from an acute care to a community health focus. In regions where there are multiple sponsors, they can foster this renewed vision by forming sponsorship networks. A sponsorship network begins when sponsors in a region come together to discuss collaboration and explore ways to motivate the leaders of their institutions to better meet their community's healthcare needs. A sponsorship network would focus on community health through more effective resource use and integration of resources among providers. Such a network encourages providers to assess community needs and collaborate to meet them, provides criteria for maintaining quality and mission, and explores sponsorship responsibilities within institutions and beyond. The collaborative process involves five stages: preplanning, foundation building, problem setting, implementing, and assessing. A group of sponsors in St. Louis provides an example of how sponsors can initiate such a process.

Catholicism↗