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The operations and accomplishments of the Biblioteca Regional de Medicina (BIREME), the regional medical library of the Pan American Health Organization, are summarized. Aspects of BIREME's program which are described include: strengthening biomedical collections in Latin America, network organization, international cooperation, document and information delivery, bibliographic services, and educational efforts.
The ability to conduct efficient literature searches is fundamental to the practice of evidence-based dentistry. In the second part of this series on evidence-based dentistry, strategic literature search techniques are discussed. MEDLINE, because of its breadth, depth and continuous maintenance by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), is the best source of evidence for health care. Although there are many gateways to MEDLINE, this paper highlights the user-friendly versions of MEDLINE offered free on the Internet by the NLM. The use of well-established search tactics and the unique features of the NLM sites facilitate rapid, effective literature searches.
The Information Dissemination Service at the Health Sciences Library, State University of New York at Buffalo, was established June 1970 through a three-year grant from the Lakes Area Regional Medical Program, Inc. Analysis of two samples of user request forms yielded results which significantly substantiate findings in prior biomedical literature utilization studies. The findings demonstrate comparable utilization patterns by user group, age of material, journal titles, language, time to process request, source of reference, and size of institution.
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An overview of financial, staffing and administrative issues regarding online literature searching and document supply is given in this article. Online literature searching and the requesting of documents have been problematic in the past due to costs and lack of information technology. Electronic document delivery requires better Internet access but MIME compatible e-mail can be used. Institutional issues regarding requests include the question 'who should order?'--the end user or intermediary ordering by the institution, and the need for trained information professionals within medical institutions. Payment mechanisms can be by credit card, institutional subscription, institutional account with the supplying library or by voucher system. Organisational Document Supply Networks (LoansomeDoc) now exist that have set charges for certain services between members or different costs for different member types and with agreed payment mechanisms. An area of increasing importance for document delivery (due to international treaties) is copyright. If such legislation is not to adversely affect information access, professionals must be involved in the creation and amendment of such legislation. Finally, a list of references are given many of which include internet addresses.
Twenty-eight health science libraries in the St. Paul-Minneapolis area formed the Twin Cities Biomedical Consortium with the intention of developing a strong network of biomedical libraries in the Twin Cities area. Toward this end, programs were designed to strengthen lines of communication and increase cooperation among local health science libraries; improve access to biomedical information at the local level; and enable the Consortium, as a group, to meet an increasing proportion of its members' needs for biomedical information. Presently, the TCBC comprises libraries in twenty-two hospitals, two county medical societies, one school of nursing, one junior college, and two private corporations.
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The availability of biomedical information in the Netherlands is largely guaranteed by the libraries of the eight medical faculties and related university hospitals together with the Netherlands Institute for Scientific Information Services (Dutch acronym: NIWI). The acquisition of biomedical journals has always been coordinated at a national level. Up until now the NIWI has played a central role in filling in the gaps left by the other collections. It also functions as a national archive and a main document delivery centre. The NIWI receives financial support from the Dutch government to perform these tasks. Recently, NIWI announced that it intends to terminate its acquisition and document delivery service for the biomedical sciences. The remaining eight libraries foresee a number of negative effects if no alternatives to the present NIWI service are developed. We are of the opinion that this situation necessitates a national, biomedical information strategy.
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Micronesia has very sparse local library services but this is improving. For those libraries with any health science collection, only paper indexes might be available which provide limited search capabilities. Some now provide regional access to knowledge-based information in the health sciences literature with the Guam Medical Library (NHGU Library) staffed by a certified medical librarian. Over the past two decades, the authors, librarians at the NHGU Library and the RFK Library, initiated expanded and timely access to biomedical information for health professionals throughout the Pacific region. Now, health caregivers in the Pacific may affilliate for Loansome Doc service by simply contacting the NHGU Library. In 1996, with the support of the University of Guam, the RFK Library became an NLM resource library and actively began working with the Pacific Southwest Regional Medical Library Service (PSRMLS) of the NLM to provide expanded service to isolated health caregivers in Micronesia. Moreover, NHGU Library belongs to a loose network of (US) federal and Department of Defense libraries that share information and copies of articles among themselves for no cost. In this way medical services can now readily access a wider network of health information.
OBJECTIVES: Patterns of use of electronic versions of journals supplied by an academic health sciences library were examined to determine whether they differed from patterns of use among corresponding print titles and to relate the applicability of print collection development practices to an electronic environment. METHODS: Use data supplied by three major vendors of electronic journals were compared to reshelving data for corresponding print titles, impact factors, and presence on Brandon/Hill Lists. RESULTS: In collections where one-click access from a database record to the full text of articles was possible, electronic use correlated with print use across journal pairs. In both versions, Brandon/Hill titles were used more frequently than non-Brandon/Hill titles, use had modest correlations with journals' impact factors, and clinical use appeared to be higher than research use. Titles that had not been selected for the library's print collections, but which were bundled into publishers' packages, received little use compared to electronic titles also selected in print. CONCLUSIONS: Collection development practices based on quality and user needs can be applied with confidence to the electronic environment. Facilitating direct connections between citation databases and the corresponding journal articles regardless of platform or publisher will support scholarship and quality health care.
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