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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effect of an antidiencephalon immune serum on pain and sleep in primary fibromyalgia.

The results of a double-blind, randomized, therapeutical trial with SER282, an antidiencephalon immune serum (Serolab, Lausanne, Switzerland), in 36 women, aged 24-56 years, with primary fibromyalgia are presented. Treatment was ambulatory and consisted of either SER282 (20 mg/ml) or amitryptiline (AMI, 50 mg) or placebo (PL) over an 8-week treatment course. Clinical and sleep EEG polygraphic data were obtained at baseline and after 4 and/or 8 weeks of therapy. Compared to an important PL response and moderate analgesia with AMI, pain and associated symptoms improved moderately with SER282. In contrast, polysomnographic recordings showed that SER282 tended to promote stage 4 sleep, while AMI and PL had few--if any--effect on sleep. These results are discussed together with the clinical characteristics of the patients and the relations between pain, associated symptoms, and sleep parameters in our patient population.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Incidental asthma prevention by immune serum globulin.

BACKGROUND: After a case of hepatitis A in a food handling worker in a military base, the entire exposed population was vaccinated with immune serum globulin (ISG). We analyzed the potential effects of ISG on asthma attacks and respiratory infections. METHODS: The base population was observed for asthma exacerbation for the 3 months after the immunization and was compared with the population of the same base a year earlier. Rates were tested using chi2 statistics. RESULTS: The vaccinated population had a highly significant decrease in the incidence of asthma attacks (rate ratio [RR] = 0.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09 to 0.45), sinusitis (RR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.58), and pneumonia (RR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.99). No significant difference was observed in the incidence rates of upper respiratory infections between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: A single administration of ISG significantly reduces the rate of asthma attacks and respiratory infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Modified human immune serum globulin for intravenous administration: in vitro opsonic activity and in vivo protection against group B streptococcal disease in suckling rats.

Human immune serum globulin (ISG) preparations were tested in an in vivo suckling rat protection assay and an in vitro opsonophagocytic assay against various types and strains of Group B streptococci (GBS). Standard ISG provided minimal protection in suckling rats against type III GBS sepsis, whereas preparations of ISG modified for intravenous administration (MISG) provided significant protection against all strains of type III, type II and type Ia GBS tested. Although less protection was obtained against type Ia strains, the survival in suckling rats challenged with all types of GBS varied from 73% to 91% with MISG therapy, as compared with 5% to 12% survival in untreated animals. In this in vivo model, MISG was protective even when administered after bacterial challenge, but had to be administered within 5 h of infection. MISG also had high in vitro opsonic activity against GBS types III and II, but was less effective with some type Ia strains. Just as MISG was more protective than ISG in vivo, it also was more opsonic in vitro. A detailed comparison of one lot of MISG with its parent ISG revealed that the modified preparation actually contained less IgG. When equivalent concentrations of affinity-purified IgG from both preparations were tested, the IgG from MISG was significantly more opsonic. Since the affinity purification procedure eliminated the possibility that IgM or substances introduced in the modification process were actually responsible for the enhanced bactericidal activity, it appears that the individual IgG molecules in MISG may be more effective. These studies suggest that MISG which has been modified by reduction and alkylation for intravenous administration may provide a valuable adjunct to chemotherapy in the treatment of GBS disease in the neonate.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1988

Serum immune complexes in erythema nodosum leprosum reactions of leprosy.

Serum estimations of immunoglobulins, complement components and their presence in circulating immune complexes were carried out in 39 Lepromatous, 44 ENL and 22 Post ENL leprosy patients. Serum IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 levels were determined by single radial immunodiffusion. Serum immune complexes were precipitated with Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) and IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 were estimated by single radial immunodiffusion and expressed as % of precipitation of their serum level. Decreased IgG, IgM; increased IgA and C3; and no change in C4 levels are observed in ENL than Lepromatous and Post ENL patients. However, a gradual insignificant reduction of IgG, IgA, and IgM was found from Lepromatous to ENL and Post ENL patients in the PEG-precipitates. Similarly, C3 and C4 was found reduced insignificantly in ENL than Lepromatous and Post ENL patients. The significance of these estimations in relation to immune status of ENL reactions are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Rectal and intranasal immunizations with recombinant urease induce distinct local and serum immune responses in mice and protect against Helicobacter pylori infection.

To determine the optimal inductive sites for immunization against Helicobacter pylori infection, the protective efficacy of recombinant urease (rUre) was assessed for mice given the vaccine by either the oral (p.o.), intranasal (i.n.), or rectal route. When mice were immunized with rUre (25 microg p.o. or rectally or 10 microg i.n.) plus heat-labile toxin from Escherichia coli as the mucosal adjuvant, all routes afforded protection against challenge with H. pylori, as indicated by a significant reduction in gastric urease activity (P < 0.0005) compared to that of sham-immunized controls. Quantitative H. pylori culture of stomach tissue demonstrated a >97% reduction in bacterial burden in mice immunized by all routes (P < 0.05). Induction of antiurease immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels in gastric luminal secretions after p.o. immunization was greater than after i.n. administration (means, 6.0 and 1.02 ng/ml, respectively) and was dependent upon challenge with H. pylori. However, immunization by the rectal route resulted in the generation of the highest levels of gastric antiurease IgA (mean, 40. 89 ng/ml), which was detectable prior to challenge with H. pylori. Immunohistochemical staining of stomach tissue for cells secreting urease-specific antibody and CD4(+) T cells showed levels of recruitment to be dependent upon challenge with H. pylori and equivalent for all routes. These results identify both the rectum and nasal passages as suitable inductive sites for urease immunization.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1983

[Serum immune complexes in rheumatoid arthritis (a study of 100 cases). Comparison of the results obtained by four different detection techniques].

The detection of serum immune complexes in cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was performed using four different detection techniques: cryoglobuline (CG), the polyethylene glycol C1q test (PEGC1q), the 125I labelled C1q test (C1qBA) and the detection of anticomplement power (ACP). CG, PEGC1q, and C1qBA are more often positive in cases of sero-positive RA than in sero-negative RA (p less than 0,001 for each test). There are significant and relatively concordant correlations between the positivity of these three tests and certain clinical and laboratory parameters in particular, the level of rheumatoid factor (p less than 0,001) and the presence of extra-articular manifestations. When ACP is found in cases of RA of recent onset, it is associated, in sero-positive cases of RA, with the presence of immune complexes and a more severe form of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effect of immune serum, an antibiotic, and a corticosteroid used alone or in combination on experimental leptospirosis in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

We studied the effects of immune sera, an antibiotic, and a corticosteroid used alone or in combination on leptospira infection in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). The results suggest that the combined used of immune serum and corticosteroid (pledonizoron: PZ) inhibits the effects of serum and the marked effects of antibiotic (procaine penicillin-G: PC-G) on leptospirosis. PZ had no effects and rather shortened the survival period. PZ did not affect the effects of PC-G when used in combination. These results suggest that treatment of leptospirosis with corticosteroids requires special caution.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Inhibition of the proteolytic activity of Helicobacter pylori by mouse immune serum].

The proteolytic activity (PA) of some microorganisms is an important pathogenic factor during tissue invasion. However, its role in Helicobacter pylori infection is not clear. Due to the importance of the immunological response to inhibit pathogenic factors of microorganisms, this study aims to establish an in vitro system to detect inhibitory antibodies to the PA of H. pylori in mouse serum. We obtained mouse sera from animals immunized by oral and intraperitoneal inoculations with the raw bacterial extract (BE) of H. pylori, in which we had previously detected PA. The degradation of azocasein subtract for BE was inhibited in 49.23% and 22.6% using 5 micrograms/ml of serum proteins (SP) from oral and intraperitoneal inoculation, respectively. However, when using more than 25 micrograms/ml of SP of immune serum, PA was inhibited in a similar way than with control serum. In conclusion we present a methodology for the detection of inhibitory antibodies to PA of H. pylori in the serum of the immunized mouse.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Survival of oral human immune serum globulin in the gastrointestinal tract of low birth weight infants.

Six immature infants were given oral feedings of 10% preservative-free human immune serum globulin ranging from 1 to 8 ml/kg/day. A seventh infant served as a control. Undigested and partially digested IgG was detected in the stools in significant quantities in all but the control infant. This coproantibody retained significant opsonic activity for type III group B streptococci as determined by a chemiluminescence assay, but lost most of its tetanus antibody activity. The newborn infants' enzymatic immaturity or rapid transit time permits the passage of intact IgG or partially digested IgG to pass throughout the gastrointestinal tract.

Digestion↗
PubMed1993

An in vitro test to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of homologous immune serum on the infectivity of Cowdria ruminantium.

Homologous immune sheep serum inhibits the infectivity of mice for the Kümm stock of Cowdria ruminantium in an in vitro test. The presence of complement and an optimal ratio between the reagents are of cardinal importance. With the exception of the Ball 3 stock, there is no cross-inhibition between the immune sera of sheep infected with several other heterologous stocks and the Kümm stock. The role played by the humoral component of the immune response in naturally acquired heartwater is unknown, but probably small compared to the cellular component.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute non-B hepatitis in the Israel Defence Forces: comparison of some epidemiologic features before and after the usage of preexposure immune serum globulin prophylaxis.

Large-scale epidemics of non-B (HBsAg-negative) hepatitis have occurred in the Israel Defense Forces prior to post- and preexposure immune serum globulin administration. Presently, hepatitis morbidity rates have stabilized around 1 to 2 per 1,000. Several years after vaccine initiation, a comparison of epidemiological features was made in order to redefine risk groups. Seasonal morbidity, sex, ethnic origin and educational status (as a representative of socioeconomic level) were not different after the preexposure immunization compared to the preimmunization era. Therefore, a more selective immunization is proposed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Ectopic Purkinje-like cells are GABAergic: immunohistochemistry with an immune serum against glutamic acid decarboxylase.

Intensely stained cells are found in the cerebellar white matter of the vermis and paravermis in adult rats after immunoreaction with an immune serum raised against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). The cells are similar in size to cortical Purkinje cells and three times the size of Golgi cells of the internal granule layer, and have a thick immunopositive cell process emerging from a well-defined cytoplasmic cone. In the cytoplasm, immunoprecipitates are more dense around the nucleus as in normally located Purkinje cells. The morphological appearance of the immunopositive cells suggests that they may be ectopically located Purkinje cells. The soma of the ectopic Purkinje cells is contacted by a few darkly stained terminal boutons. Data indicate that, in spite of the different cellular environment, ectopic Purkinje cells can develop not only the typical morphological pattern already described but also other intrinsic features, such as their typical inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Hepatitis E: evidence for person-to-person transmission and inability of low dose immune serum globulin from an Indian source to prevent it.

This study was undertaken to assess the role of person-to-person transmission in hepatitis E and the ability of immune serum globulin (ISG) from an Indian source to prevent such transmission. Seventy six subjects (62 household contacts of patients with sporadic hepatitis E and 14 controls with no household contacts) were studied clinically, biochemically and serologically at entry and fortnightly thereafter for the next 8 weeks. Thirty two household contacts received 2 mL of 16.5% ISG 16.5% while the other 30 household contacts and 14 controls received 2 mL of normal saline intramuscularly at entry. Eighteen (29%) household contacts and none of the control subjects developed biochemical evidence of acute hepatitis E (p less than 0.01). The enzyme elevation occurred after a mean interval of 31.0 +/- 4.5 days from the onset of disease in the index case. This suggested that the disease in the case contacts had been contracted by household contact with the index case and not by simultaneous infection of the index case and the household contact. The incidence of disease was similar in the household contacts receiving ISG and normal saline (25% and 33.3% respectively, p = ns). ISG had no effect on the time interval to SGPT rise or on the severity of disease in household contacts.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1982

[Serum immune complexes and cardiopulmonary bypass. A review of thirty-four cases (author's transl)].

The immunologic status of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass as investigated. Rheumatoid factor, cryoglobulinemia and serum immune complexes were looked for. Studies were performed before the operation and eight or fifteen days later. From the results, it is concluded that the immunologic changes that occur in the immediate postoperative period cannot be interpreted because of the profound modifications resulting from cardiopulmonary bypass.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1976

Receptor-blocking factor present in immune serum resembling auto-anti-idiotype antibody.

Previous studies have shown that rabbit antibody-forming cells in the primary and secondary response possess cell-associated antigen-binding receptors. In the present study, we demonstrate that a factor appears in the serum of rabbits following immunization which inhibits the antigen binding of up to 60% of the receptor-bearing antibody-forming cells in both the primary and secondary response. These observations were made on lymph node cells from rabbits primed with either sheep red blood cells (SRBC)3 or 3-nitro-4-hydroxy-5-iodophenylacetic acid coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (NIP-KLH). The inhibitory activity is not associated with anti-SRBC or anti-NIP antibody. In the primary response to SRBC, the antigen binding by day 6 antibody-forming cells is inhibited by the autologous days 7 to 10 inactivated and absorbed serum. In the secondary response to SRBC, the inhibitory factor peaks in the serum around day 10. Later, in both the primary and secondary immune response to SRBC, the inhibitory activity of the serum decreases rapidly. In the primary response to NIP-KLH, the inhibitory activity of the immune sera increased from day 7 through day 14. The receptor-inhibiting factor is antigen specific since the serum from SRBC-primed rabbits inhibits SRBC binding by anti-SRBC antibody-forming cells, but it does not inhibit NIP binding by anti-NIP antibody-forming cells. Similarly, serum from NIP-KLH-primed rabbits inhibits NIP binding by anti-NIP antibody-forming cells, but does not inhibit the SRBC receptor on the anti-SRBC antibody-forming cells. The inhibition is not due to the presence of antihapten or anti-SRBC antibody competing with receptor sites, since the immune sera from one SRBC-primed animal inhibit antigen binding of its own antibody-forming cells, but do not inhibit the antigen binding of antibody-forming cells from other SRBC-primed rabbits.

Animals↗