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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Effects of keyswitch design and finger posture on finger joint kinematics and dynamics during tapping on computer keyswitches.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of postural and keyswitch characteristics on musculoskeletal tissue loading during tapping on computer keyswitches. DESIGN: We hypothesized that joint torques, stiffness and work parameters differ across keyswitch designs and finger postures typical of those observed during computer keyboard typing. We experimentally measured joint kinematics and calculated joint torques while tapping on different keyswitches in different postures, and analyzed the data using mechanical impedance models. METHODS: Sixteen human subjects tapped with the index finger on computer keyswitches mounted on a sensor which measured vertical and horizontal forces. Miniature electro-optical goniometers mounted dorsally across each finger joint measured joint kinematics. Joint torques were calculated from endpoint forces and joint kinematics using an inverse dynamics algorithm. A linear spring-damper impedance model was fitted to joint torque, position, and velocity during the contact period of each tap. Subjects tapped in three postures approximating those employed during tapping on three rows of a computer keyboard, on four different keyswitches, resulting in 12 conditions. RESULTS: More extended finger posture was associated with greater joint torques, energies, and stiffnesses, despite minimal differences in endpoint forces across posture. Greater keyswitch make forces were associated with increased forces, joint torques and joint stiffnesses, however this relationship was not monotonic. CONCLUSIONS: Joint torques and stiffness parameters differed across keyswitch designs and finger postures. Estimates of joint impedance and work provided a unique perspective into finger dynamics. RELEVANCE: Determining the causes of work-related musculoskeletal disorders is facilitated by characterizing workplace task biomechanics, which can be linked to specific injury mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Performance of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand outcome questionnaire and the Moberg picking up test in patients with finger joint arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Outcome (DASH) Questionnaire and the Moberg Picking Up Test (MPUT) with other outcome measurement tools in assessing both hand function and aspects of general health in finger joint arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). DESIGN: Case series, with an average follow-up duration of 104.9 months. SETTING: Orthopedic outpatient clinic at a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Of 64 consecutive patients (21 dead, 6 lost to follow-up), 37 patients with 140 spacers in 107 metacarpophalangeal and 33 proximal interphalangeal joints of 51 hands were evaluated. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hand function tests and general health measures. RESULTS: The DASH correlated with both hand function (Health Assessment Questionnaire: r=.72, P<.01; MPUT: r=0.6, P<.01) and general health (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey subscales: r range, -.73 to -.31; P range, <.001 to <.05). The MPUT was a suitable tool for precision grip testing. CONCLUSIONS: The DASH has the advantage of being self-administered and assesses both functional and health aspects. It can be recommended as an instrument for a routine clinical follow-up for patients with hand surgery and RA. Additional tests should be applied when detailed information is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Wear of cross-linked polyethylene against itself: a material suitable for surface replacement of the finger joint.

Cross-linking of polyethylene (XLPE) has dramatically improved its properties in industrial applications, and it may also have some application in the field of human joint replacement. Additionally it has the advantage of permitting a lower molecular weight base material to be used, so that components may be injection moulded rather than machined. This study therefore investigates the wear resistance of medical grade cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), cross-linked by a silane-grafting process, with a molecular weight between cross links of 5430 g mol(-1). This first report investigates the wear resistance of XLPE against itself, because for certain joints, such as the metacarpo-phalangeal joint, the material may have a high enough wear resistance to allow both bearing surfaces to be made from it. Tests were carried out both on a reciprocating pin and plate machine with pins loaded at 10 and 40 N and also on a new finger joint simulator, which simulates the loads applied to and the movements of, the metacarpo-phalangeal joint. An average wear rate of 1.8 x 10(-6) mm3 N-1 m-1 was found (range 0.9-2.75 x 10(-6) mm3 N-1 m-1). This is about six times greater than the wear rate of non-cross-linked ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) against stainless steel, but for applications with low loading, such as the metacarpo-phalangeal joint, this material is shown to have adequate wear resistance. The coefficient of friction was 0.1, which is similar to that of UHMWPE on stainless steel.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Ipsilateral osteochondral grafting for finger joint repair.

A method for reconstructing articular osteochondral defects of the joint surfaces of the fingers is described. An osteochondral graft was harvested from the distal or proximal side of the second or third carpometacarpal joint of the ipsilateral hand. The graft was subsequently transplanted to the site of the defect in the proximal or distal interphalangeal joint. Ten cases with a follow-up period of more than 2 years were reviewed. The mean angular deformity decreased from 33 degrees to 4 degrees, and the mean active range of motion increased from 22 degrees to 38 degrees. Plain x-ray films revealed good joint congruity, and no donor site morbidity was appreciated. This treatment approach may be particularly useful in children.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

MRI of the arthritic finger joints: synovial membrane volume determination, a manual vs a stereologic method.

The aim of this study was to compare the stereology method for estimation of synovial volume on MR images with manually outlining method in inflammatory joint diseases. As manual outlining of the synovial volume is too time-consuming a method for clinical use, a less time-consuming methods are needed. Post-contrast 3D T1-weighted turbo gradient MR images of the finger (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal) joints (14 joints) were acquired from 11 patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( n=8) and reactive arthritis ( n=3). Manually outlined volume was taken as a gold standard and compared with stereologic volume estimation on transverse 1-mm-thick slices. The mathematical basis of the stereologic volume estimator is based on a two-step procedure: a 2D nucleator is used for estimation of the area of the synovial membrane on an MR slice and unbiased estimates of volumes are obtained by Cavalieri's principle. The 2D nucleator estimates the area of any object irrespective of its size, shape, and orientation by measuring the distance between a "central point" in the object and the intersections between the object boundary and radiating test lines. The total volume of 154 finger joints was estimated. A significant correlation between manual and stereologic estimations of synovial volumes was found (Spearman rho=0.71, P=0.002). Ninety-five percent limits of agreement were +/- 5-6 ml (14 finger joints per patient). The time used for volume determination in a patient varied from 1 to 2.5 h by manual outlining and from 0.5 to 1 h by stereologic determination. Stereologic volume estimation can provide measures of synovial volumes comparable to the manual outlining method and is less time-consuming. Stereologic volume estimation seems to be a clinically useful method, especially if it is integrated in the MR unit's workstation.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Finger joint synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis: quantitative assessment by magnetic resonance imaging.

OBJECTIVE: To assess quantitatively, by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the synovial membrane volume in second to fifth metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and healthy controls, and to compare the synovial membrane volumes with a more easily obtained semi-quantitative score for hypertrophic synovial membrane. PATIENTS AND METHODS: MCP joints of the dominant hand of 37 patients and five controls were examined clinically and by MRI. Laboratory assessments were performed. RESULTS: Median synovial membrane volumes were considerably larger in clinically active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joints (e.g. 0.97 ml in the second MCP joint) than in clinically inactive joints (0.54 ml) and control joints (0.04 ml). Nevertheless, group distributions overlapped and marked volume differences were found within clinically uniform groups. The semi-quantitative score was highly correlated with the synovial volumes (Spearman rho = 0.79; P < 0.00001). Synovial membrane volumes were poorly related to the presence of rheumatoid factor and to laboratory markers of inflammation. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that synovial membrane volumes, as determined by MRI, in finger joints are related to clinical signs of synovitis, but also that the volumes may vary more than what can be accounted for by the clinical appearances. A semi-quantitative score may be sufficient for more routine purposes.

Adult↗