Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Ethical Analysis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Casuistry, care, compassion, and ethics data analysis.

Traditional approaches to descriptive ethics data analysis do not explicate the nature of ethical dilemmas in critical care and emergency nursing. Using sensitizing concepts of causes of nurse compassion, 168 stories of ethical dilemmas were categorized. They were analyzed from the theoretical perspective of an ethic of care using casuistry. Paradigm cases for each sensitizing concept were constructed. The nature of ethical dilemmas is in the disparity between actual and ideal nursing practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Fostering ethical willingness: integrating emotional and contextual awareness with rational analysis.

Ethical dilemmas are inherently challenging. By definition, clinicians decide between conflicting principles of welfare and naturally confront competing pulls and inclinations. This investigation of students' responses to an ethical scenario highlights how emotions and concerns can interfere with willingness to implement ethical knowledge. Clear-cut rules are the exception in psychotherapy, and clinicians must judge ethical issues on the basis of the unique context of each case. As such, subjectivity and emotional involvement are essential tools for determining ethical action, but they must be integrated with rational analysis. Strategies for attending to influential emotions and contextual factors in order to mobilize ethical commitment are described.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1995

The bioethics discussion forum--an implementation of an Internet-based bioethics information analysis resource.

Ethical analysis is crucial to decision making in biomedicine and health care, necessitating both rapid access to diffusely disseminated sources of information pertinent to bioethics and promotion of analysis in the field of bioethics through a resource for information analysis. We developed the Bioethics Discussion Forum, an Internet-based information analysis resource, in order to supplement the Bioethics Online Service with an interactive information medium to meet the demand for such an interactive resource. The Bioethics Discussion Forum has shown promise for information analysis, providing an arena for the review and discussion of complex bioethical information, establishing a connection nationally and internationally among individuals with high levels of expertise in bioethics, and providing a template for future interactive informatics services.

Bioethics↗
PubMed1994

Cases of conscience: casuistic analysis of ethical dilemmas in expanded role settings.

In the absence of a well articulated conceptual framework for nursing ethics, this article argues for a theory of applied ethics--casuistics--used within a clinical reasoning model, to analyse the complicated issues presented in three cases involving adolescents receiving treatment for abuse through a rural alternative learning centre. The clinical nurse specialist, as an independent practitioner within the community, is presented with many ethical challenges arising from cultural diversity. The inherent independent nature of such practice environments combined with the pluralism which exists in today's multicultural society demands that professional nurses working in these circumstances develop and utilize an ethical framework for the analysis of patient care in situations that involve moral conflict.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Moving forward with deinstitutionalization: lessons of an ethical policy analysis.

The formulation, implementation, and evaluation of public policies do not typically include formal ethical analysis. Reconceptualizing from an ethical standpoint the historical and contemporary dilemmas created by the deinstitutionalization policy underscores the need for attention to distributive justice and respect for individuals in developing programs for the chronically mentally ill and in selecting and measuring successful outcomes.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ethical case analysis using a hospital bill.

When nursing ethics is integrated into the curriculum, it may be difficult to discern the best way to offer essential content to students. Faculty members who are charged with the responsibility of integrating ethics content will find the use of ethical case analysis helpful and effective. The author offers a unique application of ethical case analysis that incorporated the use of a patient bill to help students to learn about the complex issues of justice and the allocation of scarce critical care resources.

Accounting↗
PubMed2001

A meta-ethical critique of care ethics.

A meta-ethical analysis demonstrates that care ethics is a grounded in a distinct mode of moral reasoning. This is comprised primarily of the rejection of principles such as impartiality, and the endorsement of emotional or moral virtues such as compassion, as well as the notion that the preservation of relations may override the interests of the individuals involved in them. The main conclusion of such a meta-ethical analysis is that such meta-ethical foundations of care ethics are not sound. Reasonable alternatives for care ethics may be its formulation as an additional principle within an established principlist framework, or the move to a dialogical ethics, where the good to be acted upon is not decided in advance but rather critically discussed and established within the encounter of the parties involved.

Bioethics↗
PubMed2004

Public consultation in ethics: an experiment in representative ethics.

Genome Canada has funded a research project to evaluate the usefulness of different forms of ethical analysis for assessing the moral weight of public opinion in the governance of genomics. This paper will describe a role of public consultation for ethical analysis and a contribution of ethical analysis to public consultation and the governance of genomics/biotechnology. Public consultation increases the robustness of ethical analysis with a more diverse set of moral experiences. Consultation must be carefully and respectfully designed to generate sufficiently diverse and rich accounts of moral experiences. Since dominant groups tend to define ethical or policy issues in a manner that excludes some interests or perspectives, it is important to identify the range of interests that diverse publics hold before defining the issue and scope of the discussion and the premature foreclosure of ethical dialogue. Consequently, a significant contribution of ethical dialogue strengthened by social analysis is to consider the context and non-policy use of power to govern genomics and to sustain social debate on enduring ethical issues.

Bioethical Issues↗
PubMed1998

Patenting medical and surgical techniques: an ethical-legal analysis.

Considerable controversy has recently arisen regarding the patenting of medical and surgical processes in the United States. One such patent, viz. for a "chevron" incision used in ophthalmologic surgery, has especially occasioned heated response including a major, condemnatory ethics policy statement from the American Medical Association as well as federal legislation denying patent protection for most uses of a patented medical or surgical procedure. This article identifies and discusses the major legal, ethical and public policy considerations offered by proponents and opponents of such patents. The existing literature divides up into those who favor such patents essentially without qualification, and those who condemn and wish to outlaw them. We advance a compromise position where administrative and legislative action is called for to provide more specific guidelines regarding the patentability of such processes by the Patent and Trademark Office. Our position, in sum, will be that too much is at stake in this complicated area for either the blanket prohibition, or wholesale, uncritical acceptance, of the patenting of medical and surgical processes or techniques.

American Medical Association↗
PubMed1989

[Cost benefit analysis and ethics of prenatal diagnosis].

Cost-benefit analysis is a necessary part of the decision-making process concerning the introduction of DNA-analysis in antenatal diagnosis (and diagnosis of carrier status) of hereditary diseases. The problems involved which are of increasing significance given the rapid development in mapping of the human genome, are reviewed on the basis of the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Many problems exist, particularly of an ethical nature, when attempts are made to employ cost-benefit analysis in this field. This article describes some of these and suggests some solutions. The discussion is concentrated on the need to decide what should be done as regards the genetic diagnosis, why this should be done and how decisions should be made to do so. These questions are too important to be decided by only the medical profession. Many others, not only in the health sector, are involved both economically and ethically. The numerous new methods of analysis make it necessary to decide who is to assess the costs and benefits when the Danish health service allocares resources to this and to many other fields.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1997

Doing the right thing: relief agencies, moral dilemmas and responsibility in political emergencies and war.

In recent years a new generation of relief workers and relief agencies has become embroiled in the heat of civil wars and political emergencies, and the humanitarian community has had to revisit its fundamental principles and address the ethics of what it does. This paper sets out to continue this important debate by emphasising that ethical analysis should always be an essential part of humanitarian practice. The paper seeks to recognise the difficult moral choices relief agencies are facing today and gives some practical guidelines to relief agency staff when confronting the ethics of a given situation. In particular, it hopes to introduce some ethical principles into the debate about humanitarianism and contribute to the moral vocabulary which is being developed to improve relief agencies' ethical analysis. The paper starts by looking at the essential characteristics of a moral dilemma, and the way in which other types of tough choice can masquerade as moral dilemmas. It then introduces some basic moral principles surrounding the key ethical notions of action consequences and moral responsibility in an effort to show how relief agencies might begin to develop a process of ethical analysis in their work. Finally, it explores how relief agencies might develop a more intuitive form of ethical analysis based on an organisational conscience and moral role models.

Decision Making↗
PubMed1993

Privacy beliefs and the violent family. Extending the ethical argument for physician intervention.

Privacy beliefs associated with the family impede physicians' response to domestic violence. As a private sphere, the family is regarded as sacred, separate, and hidden from public view. Hence, physicians who look for or uncover violence in the family risk defilling a sacred object and violating norms of non-interference. Privacy beliefs also obfuscate the ethical analysis of physicians' duties to intercede on behalf of battered patients. Ethical principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence have been invoked to justify physicians' duties to abused patients; however, the principle of justice has not been invoked. Ethical analysis of physicians' duties in this area must be broadened to include the principle of justice. Justice is at stake because establishing conditions favorable to self-respect is a requirement of justice, and the response physicians make to battered patients carries important ramifications for supporting patients' self-respect and dignity. If justice forms part of the ethical foundation for physician intervention in domestic violence, mandatory steps that do not transgress the confidentiality of the physician-patient relationship or infringe the patient's autonomy should be taken, such as requiring domestic violence training in medical education and following treatment plans and protocols to identify abuse and provide assistance to battered patients.

American Medical Association↗
PubMed1982

Family or individual therapy: the ethics of modality choice.

The authors examine the ethical issues in choosing between individual and social unit (marital and family) therapies. Although usually neglected in the literature, these ethical questions are important and complex. A general systems perspective is used to provide a framework for ethical analysis. The core of the ethical problem is shown to be the interdependence and irreducible conflict inherent between the individual and social unit levels. The authors outline a general systems approach to identification and consideration of these ethical issues in clinical practice.

Choice Behavior↗
PubMed1997

The limits of viability.

We provide an ethical analysis of the divergence of mortality and potential morbidity in very premature infants. Based on this ethical analysis we conclude that at this time viability should be at 24 weeks or greater and not at 23 weeks.

Beneficence↗