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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Experimental murine toxocariasis histopathological study of chronic renal infection, transplacental transmission and ultrastructural study of egg shell.

Histopathological examination of kidney of swiss albino mice, 2 1/2 months after infection with Toxocara canis eggs revealed various pictures of pathological affection. There was diffuse mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis with mesangeal expansion of most of glomeruli. Some glomeruli showed severe hyalinosis with marked adhesions to the bowman's capsule. The lumina of glomerular capillaries were markedly obliterated. There was also cystic dilatation of tubules with proteinaceous casts. The intersitial tissue showed mild inflammatory oedema. Chronic inflammatory cellular infiltration to form granulomatous inflammation was noticed. Transplacental transmission of Toxocara larvae was assessed in embryo of pregnant female swiss albino mice which were infected with Toxocara eggs in the 1st week of pregnancy. The larvae were detected in the liver of embryo. Ultrastructural study of the egg shell revealed its formation of 4 layers; a thin uterine membrane with occassional small bulges, vitelline layer, thick homogenous layer, and fibrous lamellar and lipid layer.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Acid glycosidases in the isthmus of the hen oviduct and egg shell membranes.

Specific activities of seven acid glycosidases: beta-hexosaminidase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-mannosidase, alpha-glucosidase and alpha-fucosidase were determined in various parts of the domestic hen oviduct (infundibulum, isthmus, shell gland and vagina). The activity of most enzymes was the highest in the isthmus. Multiple forms of all acid glycosidases from the isthmus were separated by strong anion exchange chromatography at pH 6.0. The isoelectric points of the isthmus forms of beta-hexosaminidase, beta-galactosidase and alpha- and beta-mannosidase were determined by chromatofocusing. For the first time the high beta-galactosidase activity was found in hen egg shell membranes.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Growth of Salmonella enteritidis in artificially contaminated hens' shell eggs.

The effect of some factors on the growth of Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 in artificially contaminated shell eggs was investigated. Salmonella enteritidis was found to be resistant to the antimicrobial properties of the albumen. Growth occurred on storage at 25 degrees C but not at 4 or 10 degrees C. The rate and extent of infection was influenced by the size of inoculum, the site of contamination relative to yolk movement, and the presence of iron in the inoculum.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Preenrichment versus direct selective agar plating for the detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in shell eggs.

The relative effectiveness of two methods for the recovery of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) from jumbo and medium shell eggs was compared. The first method used in the comparison consisted of a preenrichment of the sample, and the second method was developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). Three bulk lots of blended, pooled eggs, each containing 220 liquid whole eggs that were thoroughly mixed manually were artificially inoculated with different levels of SE cells between approximately 10(0) and 10(3) CFU/ml. Twenty samples containing the contents of approximately 10 eggs each (by weight) were withdrawn from each of the inoculated bulk lots and incubated for 4 days at room temperature (ca. 23 degrees C). For the APHIS method, each sample was cultured by direct plating onto brilliant green (BG), brilliant green with novobiocin (BGN), xylose lysine desoxycholate (XLD), and xylose lysine agar Tergitol 4 (XLT4) agars. For the preenrichment method, 25-g portions from each pool were enriched in modified tryptic soy broth with 30 mg/liter of FeSO4. After 24 h of incubation, the preenrichments were subcultured to tetrathionate and Rappaport-Vassiliadis broths, and streaked to BG, BGN, bismuth sulfite, XLD, and XLT4 agar plates. SE isolates were confirmed biochemically and serologically. In all of the experiments, the preenrichment method recovered significantly more SE isolates (P < 0.05) of all the phage types and inoculum levels than did the APHIS method. From a total of 539 jumbo egg test portions analyzed, 381 (71%) were SE-positive by the preenrichment method and 232 (43%) were positive by the APHIS method. From a total of 360 medium egg test portions analyzed, 223 (62%) were SE-positive by the preenrichment method and 174 (48%) were positive by the APHIS method. The preenrichment method provided greater sensitivity for the isolation of SE in contaminated egg slurries than did the APHIS method.

Agar↗
PubMed1998

Salmonella in raw shell eggs in Northern Ireland: 1996-7.

The shells and contents of 2090 packs of six raw eggs from shops in Northern Ireland were examined for the presence of salmonella between April 1996 and October 1997. Nine isolates of salmonella were detected from separate packs of eggs (0.43%). One of the isolates was from egg contents (0.05%), where salmonella can proliferate to levels likely to cause human infection if the egg is inadequately cooked. Visible dirt and organic contamination were poor predictors of salmonella contamination since most contaminated eggs had apparently clean and uncracked shells. Contaminated eggs were more likely to have been sold from small shops than supermarkets. Sampling for uncommon pathogens is expensive, labour intensive, and yields many negative results. The small numbers of positive results make it particularly susceptible to variations between methods. It continues to be important to cook eggs thoroughly to eliminate the risk of salmonellosis since this survey suggests that over 10,000 boxes containing one or more contaminated eggs may be sold in Northern Ireland each year. Caterers should use pasteurised liquid egg. A system of branding to enable eggs to be traced to individual flocks would assist in the investigation of outbreaks.

Eggs↗
PubMed1989

The survival of salmonellas in shell eggs cooked under simulated domestic conditions.

Strains of Salmonella enteritidis, S. typhimurium and S. senftenberg inoculated into the yolks of shell eggs were found to survive forms of cooking where some of the yolk remained liquid. Survival was largely independent of the size of the initial inoculum. The organisms also grew rapidly in eggs stored at room temperature and after 2 days the number of cells per gram of yolk exceeded log10 8.0. With this level of contamination viable cells could be recovered from eggs cooked in any manner.

Animals↗