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Results for “ERYTHRODERMA”

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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Sarcoidosis in a child, presenting as an erythroderma with keratotic spines and palmar pits.

A case of sarcoidosis with generalized erythroderma, exfoliation and micropapule formation in a 6-year-old boy is presented. Follicular spiny keratoses, resembling those seen in pityriasis rubra pilaris, and palmo-plantar pitting were among the other extraordinary features in this case. The epidermis overlying the widespread sarcoid granulomata showed parakeratosis, lymphocytic infiltration and degeneration of the basal layer.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Erythroderma, palmoplantar keratoderma and profound failure to thrive in an infant.

The case is reported of a female infant, who at the age of 3 months developed severe erythroderma, marked hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles and subsequently extreme growth failure and intermittent diarrhoea. Her course was complicated by life-threatening infections but detailed investigation revealed no recognized underlying metabolic or immune abnormality.

Dermatitis, Exfoliative↗
PubMed2006

Dramatic improvement of psoriatic erythroderma after acute hepatitis: analysis of cytokine synthesis capability in peripheral blood T cells.

We report a patient with psoriasis and hepatitis C virus infection who initially presented with psoriatic erythroderma and eventually showed complete clearance of psoriatic lesions following acute hepatitis induced by etretinate treatment. Cytokine synthesis capabilities in peripheral blood T cells obtained at different stages were evaluated in this patient. A dramatic increase in the frequency of interferon-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood was observed during the erythrodermic stage. In contrast, the frequencies of interleukin (IL)-4- and IL-13-producing CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells were remarkably high at the resolution stage. These results clearly indicate that a shift towards type 2 cytokine predominance contributes to the resolution of severe psoriasis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Tannic-acid staining material on high endothelial venules and lymphocytes in skin and peripheral lymph nodes in Staphylococcus aureus-associated erythroderma.

The recognition and binding of glycoprotein receptors on lymphocytes to specific antigens present on high endothelial venules (HEV) precedes the egress of lymphocytes from the blood stream into the tissues. In this paper, we report the presence of HEVs with tannic-acid staining material (TASM+ HEVs) in Staphylococcus aureus-associated erythroderma, which allow the migration of CD8+ lymphocytes from the bloodstream into the epidermis. TASM positivity is also expressed on lymphocytes within the regional lymph nodes, and by intravascular lymphocytes prior to leaving the TASM+ HEV. It is proposed that TASM positivity may represent a molecule, which may function in binding lymphocytes to HEVs prior to egress from the HEV. (TASM is lost from lymphocytes after leaving the HEVs). The expression of TASM positivity may form an essential part of the CD8+ lymphocyte-HEV recognition system, and may be the means whereby CD8+ lymphocytes generated in the regional lymph nodes by various mitogens (in this case by staphylococcal mitogens) may 'home' to specific sites within the epidermis. TASM positivity on both the HEVs and lymphocytes may serve as a convenient marker of such a system.

Dermatitis, Exfoliative↗
PubMed1989

Senile erythroderma with serum hyper IgE.

Eight patients with senile erythroderma with serum hyper IgE were studied. Characteristic laboratory findings were persistently elevated IgE levels, high peripheral-blood eosinophils, and high lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). Immunologic analysis using immunoglobulin antibodies showed frozen sections of inguinal lymph nodes to stain with anti-IgE antibody, particularly in the germinal center. Five of the patients had an atopic history, suggesting hereditary factors.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Lethal congenital erythroderma: a newly recognised genetic disorder.

We report 4 patients and their extended families comprising 17 cases, all of whom had congenital exfoliative erythroderma resistant to treatment, associated with failure to thrive and hypoalbuminaemia. All died in the first year of life. This condition appears to be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and the underlying defect remains unknown.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1990

Proliferation of HIV in lymphocyte--associated macrophages with cytopathic changes in AIDS erythroderma.

Latency of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been demonstrated in both helper T-Lymphocytes and cells of the macrophage/monocyte series. Although mitogen-dependent amplification of HIV infection within lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages has been demonstrated to occur in vitro, in vivo evidence of such a phenomenon has been lacking. We have performed electron microscopic and immunocytochemical evaluation of skin biopsies from a patient with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) with chronic erythroderma. These biopsies provided evidence of proliferation of HIV in macrophages interacting with activated lymphocytes (CD3+). These macrophages were undergoing morphologic changes characteristic of cytopathicity and contained numerous viral particles, many of which were actively budding from plasma membranes. Cutaneous macrophages which were not interacting with lymphocytes did not demonstrate cytopathicity or evidence of viral multiplication. These in vivo data substantiate the concept that activation of cells which harbour latent HIV promotes viral replication as well as subsequent cytopathicity.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2004

Clinico-epidemiological features of congenital nonbullous ichthyosiform erythroderma in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND: A total of 10 455 new dermatology patients were seen in the dermatology clinics of King Fahd Hospital of the University (KFHU), Al-Khobar, Eastern Saudi Arabia, between January 1990 and December 1995. We identified 21 patients with a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of congenital nonbullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (CNBIE). We have reviewed the epidemiological and clinical features of these patients. OBJECTIVE: To document the epidemiological and clinical features of patients with CNBIE in eastern Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We used the dermatology outpatient department (OPD) logbooks to identify diagnosed cases of CNBIE from new patients presenting with different dermatological problems over a 6-year period. We used specifically designed data-collection protocol forms to extract epidemiological and clinical data from the patients' medical records. These were entered into a computer database and analysed using standard statistical software. RESULTS: A total of 21 patients (five males, 16 females) with a male : female ratio of 0.31 : 1 were identified from a total of 10 455 new patients seen in our dermatology clinics over the study period. The occurrence rate of CNBIE in our clinics was 0.2%, or two per 1000 new dermatology cases. Nineteen (90%) of 21 CNBIE patients were born with collodion membranes. Eighty-one per cent of our patients had a positive family history of CNBIE. Consanguinity among the parents of our CNBIE patients was significantly high at 95%. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this preliminary study is the first report of its kind from Saudi Arabia (documenting the clinico-epidemiological features of CNBIE patients in the Eastern Province). The high rate of parental consanguinity among the parents of our Saudi CNBIE patients may account for the high incidence rate of this genodermatosis in eastern Saudi Arabia. In comparison with results of other studies that reported a low occurrence rate of CNBIE among dermatology patients, our results were of a significantly higher rate.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1991

Postoperative erythroderma with change of HLA phenotypes from heterozygotes to homozygotes: a report of two cases.

Fatal "postoperative erythroderma" (POE) developed in 2 patients treated with liver lobectomy and the transfusion of fresh blood. Their clinical features and skin-histological findings were indicative of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The HLA phenotypes of circulating lymphocytes of the 2 patients were heterozygous but became homozygous late in the clinical course and were identical with those of the blood donors. One of the patient's haplotypes was identical with the donor's homozygous haplotype. These findings suggest the mechanism of development of POE in apparently immunocompetent patients. The donor's T lymphocytes are histocompatible with the patient's tissues, are not rejected, and become engrafted. The patient's tissues are not histocompatible with the donor's, so that GVHD develops.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1986

Prenatal diagnosis of bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma: detection of tonofilament clumps in fetal epidermal and amniotic fluid cells.

The prenatal diagnosis of bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (BIE) has been achieved at 20 weeks' gestation by electron microscopic identification of a pathognomonic cytoskeletal abnormality within fetal epidermal cells obtained by fetoscopic skin biopsy. The same abnormality was also observed in skin derived amniotic fluid cells. The question whether amniocentesis might be used instead of fetoscopy for future prenatal detection of BIE is discussed.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed2002

Chronic eosinophilic leukaemia presenting with erythroderma, mild eosinophilia and hyper-IgE: clinical, immunological and cytogenetic features and therapeutic approach. A case report.

A 23-year-old, white male metallurgist presented with pruritic erythematous maculo-papules over the trunk and upper limbs and 6 months later developed erythroderma, eosinophilia and multi-organ dysfunction. A diagnosis of chronic eosinophilic leukaemia was made on the basis of myeloproliferative involvement of both peripheral blood and bone marrow, associated with eosinophilic differentiation and a t(5;12)(q33;p13) translocation. The initial therapeutic approach was interferon alfa-2b plus cytosine arabinoside, for 13 months, followed by hydroxyurea plus vincristine. There was improvement of skin lesions, disappearance of eosinophilia and decrease of serum immunoglobulin E, towards normal values.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Erythroderma due to thalidomide: report of two cases.

Cutaneous reactions to thalidomide therapy are reported infrequently. We report two new cases. Both patients suffered from chronic renal insufficiency and were on thalidomide therapy because of prurigo nodularis. The cutaneous reaction consisted of a severe erythematous rash progressing to erythroderma, associated with peripheral eosinophilia. In both cases rapid resolution occurred after withdrawal of thalidomide. We emphasize the possibility of a severe cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction due to thalidomide and speculate about the role played by the renal insufficiency present in both cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Erythroderma: 90% skin failure.

Erythroderma is a life-threatening state of skin failure. This dermatological emergency often presents to an acute medical unit or accident and emergency department. Effective initial management is vital.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Severe erythroderma as a complication of continuous epoprostenol therapy.

Epoprostenol is a vasodilator that is produced by vascular endothelial cells and is currently the "gold standard" therapy for patients with severe primary pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary hypertension secondary to collagen vascular disease. Hypersensitivity to the drug has not been reported. We report a case of a patient with pulmonary hypertension and undifferentiated connective tissue disease who, after 2 months of treatment with epoprostenol, presented with rapidly progressive erythema, scaling, nausea and vomiting, and fever. Test results from a skin biopsy specimen were consistent with a drug reaction. The patient' condition improved after rapid tapering of her epoprostenol and administration of corticosteroids. Epoprostenol may be associated rarely with severe erythroderma.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1991

Complement fragment C4d and Bb levels in inflammatory skin diseases (e.g. SLE, atopic dermatitis, erythroderma and pustulosis palmaris et plantaris) for assessment of complement activation.

The complement is one of the major effector system in the process of inflammation. Complement activation has been shown to occur in inflammatory dermatoses such as systemic lupus erythematosus, atopic dermatitis, erythroderma of unknown origin, and pustulosis palmaris et plantaris by the elevated blood levels of complement fragments. To clarify the complement activation, especially the alternative pathway involvement, we have measured the concentrations of classical pathway-specific C4d and alternative pathway-derived Bb in the plasma of patients with these inflammatory disorders at a mild to exacerbated stage. Only the SLE plasma showed significantly elevated Bb levels. These results suggest that assessments of plasma C4d and Bb levels may be of value in monitoring the involvement of the complement system in patients with inflammatory dermatoses with significant complement activation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Evidence of increased keratinocyte proliferation in air-liquid interface cultures of non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma.

Modern pharmacological and dermatological research requires the use of appropriate in vitro models which permit a faithful reproduction of various aspects of the in situ situation. The air-exposed culture of keratinocytes on dead de-epidermized dermis is one of the best models of in vitro epidermal differentiation known at the moment. In this study, we verified the model's validity for the reproduction of a hyperproliferative genodermatosis: non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. We used subcultured epidermal keratinocytes originating from normal and ichthyotic patients. Light and electron microscopy of pathological cultures disclosed, on day 14, a terminally differentiated epidermis with a marked granular layer and hyperkeratosis which, however, was not dramatically different from the normal controls. On day 25, the normal cultures displayed an even more pronounced hyperkeratosis and hypergranulosis, whereas the reconstructed epidermis of pathological origin presented a considerable reduction of the viable non-keratinized compartment and a focal parakeratosis. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed the expression of several differentiation markers which were not observed in the immersed culture models (e.g. the desmosome- and differentiation-related antigens KM48 and G36-19). Abundant keratohyalin granules were stained with AKH1 antibody and observed even in the deep epidermal layers, but no profilaggrin-filaggrin conversion could be detected biochemically.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗