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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effects of temperature, aurintricarboxylic acid and cibacron blue on 2',5'-oligoadenylate binding protein (RNase L) activity in rabbit reticulocyte lysates.

The binding of p3A4,3'-32P [pCp] to rabbit reticulocyte RNase L can be displaced by the trimer and tetramer triphosphates of 2',5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A). Using assay conditions of protein synthesis, 2-5A trimer or tetramer triphosphates are shown to be equally effective when the displacement is done at 4 degrees C (on ice). In contrast, at 30 degrees C, the tetramer triphosphates still displace whereas the trimer triphosphates become ineffective. When lysates are preincubated at temperature ranging from 4 degrees-37 degrees C, the same results are obtained even when the subsequent displacement is done on ice. Incubation temperature also significantly affects the ability of metabolically stable dyes cibacron blue and aurintricarboxylic acid to inhibit RNase L binding activity. Taken together, these results suggest that rabbit reticulocyte RNase L may assume multiple conformations which are differentially affected by various forms of 2-5A or other compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) and DNA synthesis. II. Effect of ATA on structure and function of the crypts of the small intestine.

ATA affects only slightly DNA synthesis of continuously replicating cells. A single injection of the drug reduces the incorporation of (3H)-thymidine into DNA of crypt cells to only 62% of the control. The effect on DNA synthesis is preceded by a slight inhibition of protein synthesis, and by a partial decrease in the number of dividing cells. On the contrary, the incorporation of (3H)-uridine into RNA was enhanced. Electron microscopic studies revealed no cytologic abnormalities in ATA-treated animals. In view of the fact that ATA at the same concentration inhibits DNA synthesis of growth stimulated cells to 100% (Novi, 1976), it was suggested that the drug may become an useful tool in inducing a preferential inhibition of growth stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Response of exponentially growing, stationary-phase, and synchronized cultured human colon carcinoma cells to treatment with nitrosourea derivatives.

The lethal effects of two nitrosourea derivatives, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea and 4-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-cis-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, on a continuous line of human colon carcinoma cells (LoVo cells) were investigated. The survival response of exponentially growing and stationary-phase LoVo cells to both drugs were of the threshold exponential type. Survival was identical whether drugs were dissolved in medium or in Hanks' balanced salt solution. In contrast to previous results obtained for human lymphoma cells, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea exerted a progressively greater killing effect on LoVo cells as the incubation time was prolonged, while 4-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-cis-cyclohexane-carboxylic acid, under similar circumstances presented decreased lethality in comparison to both 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea and the effect previously observed for the lymphoma cells. Although no recovery from potentially lethal damage was noted for both exponentially growing and stationary-phase cells treated with each agent, in split-dose experiments, LoVo cells were able to recover from sublethal damage. No significant cell cycle stage dependent differences in killing ability were observed for the two agents.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1983

Effect of abscissic acid on tobacco mosaic virus.

Abscisic acid (ABA) did not affect the infectivity of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in vitro. The same dilutions of ABA when applied on the leaves of Chenopodium amaranticolor Coste and Reyn. at different intervals before inoculation affected development of local lesions variably at different dilutions. The inhibition of local lesion formation was reduced at other intervals leading to stimulation at thirty minutes and six hours intervals. Post-inoculation treatments with 2 mg/l of ABA gave stimulation of local lesion formation, though other dilutions gave inhibition. Viral concentration was stimulated in the tomato seedlings root dipped in 0.2 mg/l of ABA for 6 hours and inoculated 24 hours after transplantation. Incorporation of different concentrations of ABA into tissue culture medium reduced the growth of the TMV infected tobacco callus tissue and stimulated the infectivity of the tissue grown over it assayed after three weeks.

Abscisic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibition of human serum RNase activity by aurine tricarboxylic acid polymer: effect on the antigen-antibody reaction.

The structural integrity of RNA as antigen in immunological reactions with serum as the source of antibody is endangered because of RNase activity. Aurine tricarboxylic acid (ATA) in its polymeric form has been used to overcome this problem by inhibiting serum RNase. At low concentrations, the polymer completely arrests the RNA degrading activity. An appreciable increase in antibody activity was observed with an anti-RNA serum pretreated with ATA polymer.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1978

The use of antifibrinolytic drugs in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Antifibrinolytic drugs have been investigated in a series of 58 patients with recent aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. It is concluded that tranexamic acid (AMCA) provides a rational method for reducing the frequency of recurrences, and that antifibrinolytic treatment is a preliminary to surgical intervention. In the present series, ischemic complications, which often follow aneurysmal hemmorrhage, seem to be of a more serious nature. There is evidence also that hydrocephalus due to adhesive arachnoiditis is a rare occurrence. The last 20 patients of the present series have been treated with very low doses of AMCA associated with parotid kallikrein inhibitor (Trasylol); this dosage has been effective in preventing recurrence and has appeared to be freer from severe side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[New researches on protein synthesis inhibition under the action of aurintricarboxylic acid during cell cycle : Study on meristematic cells of Allium sativum L].

Aurin tricarboxylic acid, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, prevents cells from entering mitosis in Allium sativum L. root meristems. When the uptake of 3H-leucine comes back up to the control rate after removal of roots from the drug, mitotoic activity is resumed. Furthermore, the percent of labelled cells obtained by continuous labelling with H3-thymidine shows a reversible arrest of cell progress from G1 to S.

Aurintricarboxylic Acid↗
PubMed1998

Quantitative analyses of carbonyl-carbon-11-WAY-100635 binding to central 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A receptors in man.

UNLABELLED: The serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A (5-HT1A) receptor subtype is of central interest in research on the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric disorders. Carbonyl-11 C-WAY-100635 is a new radioligand that, in PET experiments, provides high-contrast delineation of brain regions that are rich in 5-HT1A receptors. The aim of this PET study was to examine the prospects for quantitation of carbonyl-11C-WAY-100635 binding to 5-HT1A receptors in the human brain. METHODS: A PET examination was performed in each of six healthy male subjects after intravenous injection of carbonyl-11C-WAY-100635. Radioactive metabolites in plasma were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography. The metabolite-corrected arterial input function was used in a kinetic three-compartment analysis, and the cerebellum was used as reference region in linear graphical and transient equilibrium analyses. RESULTS: The highest radioactivity concentration was observed in the neocortex and the raphe nuclei, whereas radioactivity was low in the cerebellum. The time-activity curves were well-described by a three-compartment model for all regions. Uptake in the cerebellum could not be described by a two-compartment model. The transient equilibrium and linear graphical analyses, which are both dependent on the cerebellum as the reference region, gave lower binding potential values than did the kinetic analysis. The metabolism was rapid, and the fraction of unchanged carbonyl-11C-WAY-100635 was <10% 10 min after injection in all human subjects. The major radioactive metabolites were unidentified polar components. One metabolite comigrated with reference cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, and another comigrated with reference desmethyl-WAY-100635. CONCLUSION: The suitability of carbonyl-11C-WAY-100635 for research on central 5-HT1A receptors in neuropsychiatric disorders was supported by the observation that the high signals in the neocortex and raphe nuclei can be described using a kinetic analysis with a metabolite-corrected arterial input function. It cannot be excluded that kinetically distinguishable nonspecific binding or the formation of a metabolite that passes the blood-brain barrier may represent measurable components of the low radioactivity in the cerebellum. Simplified quantitative methods, using the relatively low radioactivity in the cerebellum as reference, should accordingly be applied with some caution until the biochemical nature of the radioactivity is better understood and the reliability of these approaches has been confirmed in larger samples.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The aromatization of cyclohexanecarboxyl-CoA to hippuric acid by guinea pig liver mitochondria: submitochondrial localization.

The conversion of cyclohexanecarboxyl-CoA to hippuric acid in submitochondrial fractions from guinea pig liver was studied using a gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method employing selected ion monitoring. Comparison of the activities of the cyclohexanecarboxyl-CoA to hippuric acid converting system (CCoAHC-system) and marker enzymes in the various submitochondrial fractions showed that the CCoAHC-system is localized in the mitochondrial matrix. Partial separation of the inner and outer membranes has been accomplished by treating mitochondria with digitonin in isotonic medium and fractionating the treated mitochondria by differential centrifugation. A digitonin-protein ratio of 2.6 mg of digitonin/10 mg of protein must be used in order to release significant amounts of amine oxidase activity (outer membrane marker) from low speed mitochondrial pellets. This pellet still contained most of the glutamate dehydrogenase activity and was insignificantly contaminated with adenylate kinase. Moderate concentrations of phenazine methosulfate (PMS) greatly stimulated the activity of the CCoAHC-system, even in intact mitochondria (optimal concentration of PMS: 1 mM) whilst higher concentrations (greater than 1 mM) decreased the activity. The formation of hippuric acid in these mitochondrial preparations was linear with time for at least 40 min and linear with respect to protein concentration up to approximately 2.0 mg mitochondrial protein X ml-1.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1982

The origin of urinary aromatic compounds excreted by ruminants. 1. The metabolism of quinic, cyclohexanecarboxylic and non-phenolic aromatic acids to benzoic acid.

1. The contribution of dietary constituents to the large urinary output of benzoic acid characteristic of ruminants and some herbivores is not well understood. 2. Methods for the analysis of quinic, cyclohexanecarboxylic, benzoic, phenylacetic, 3-phenylpropionic and cinnamic acids in urine and in rumen fluids were developed. 3. The urinary output of aromatic acids by sheep given seven-rations was determined: benzoic acid output varied between 2.8 and 7.8 g/d; phenylacetic acid output between 0.16 and 1.3 g/d; cinnamic acid between 0.08 and 0.25 g/d and small amounts of 3-phenylpropionic acid were found in some samples. 4. Increments in urinary aromatic acid excretion were determined when the acids listed in paragraph 2 were infused via rumen or abomasal cannulas. 5. When cyclohexanecarboxylic acid was infused 40% of the dose was excreted as urinary benzoic acid after either route of infusion. Quinic acid was completely metabolized in the rumen; following rumen infusion between 16 and 53% of the infused acid was recovered as urinary benzoic acid; none was so recovered after abomasal infusion. 6. Urinary recoveries of rumen- and abomasally-infused aromatic acids were: benzoic acid 90 and 88% respectively as benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid 78 and 83% respectively as phenylacetic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid 96 and 105% respectively as benzoic acid and cinnamic acid, 70 and 70% respectively as benzoic acid. 7. The concentration of aromatic acids in rumen fluid varied with time after feeding: cyclohexanecarboxylic acid was maximal (7 mg/l) 1 h after feeding, benzoic acid was always a minor component (0.5 +/- 0.5 mg/l), phenylacetic acid varied between 0 and 35 mg/l and 3-phenylpropionic acid between 25 and 47 mg/l. Cinnamic acid was not found in rumen fluid but on rumen infusion of this acid the concentration of 3-phenylpropionic acid in rumen fluid increased by 10 mg/l rumen fluid per g infused per d. 8. The incomplete metabolism of quinic and cyclohexanecarboxylic acids to urinary benzoic acid is discussed. It is concluded that the principal dietary precursors of urinary benzoic acid in ruminants are compounds yielding 3-phenylpropionic acid on microbial fermentation in the rumen. The small amount of cinnamic acid characteristic of ruminant urine arises as an intermediate in the beta-oxidation of 3-phenylpropionic acid in the body tissues.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1989

Effects of butyric acid and analogues on amylase release from pancreatic segments of sheep and goats.

The specificity of the structural elements of a short-chain fatty acid for stimulating amylase release was investigated in superfused pancreatic segments of sheep and goats in vitro using butyric acid and analogues. Monocarboxylic (cyclohexanecarboxylic and benzoic) acids were as effective as butyric acid, whilst 4-phenyl-n-butyric and dicarboxylic (succinic and phthalic) acids were weak stimulants. The amylase release evoked by butyric acid was markedly reduced in the presence of these compounds. Replacement of hydrogens by a hydroxyl group or amino group or reduction of the carboxyl group to alcohol diminished, while replacement of hydrogen by chloride at the 3 carbon position did not change, the ability to stimulate amylase release. The dose-response curve for butyric acid was shifted to the right in parallel in the solution containing succinic acid at 8 x 10(-4) mol/l. The maximal increment (but not ED50) of amylase release evoked by ACh was severely reduced in the solution simultaneously containing butyric acid at 10(-3) mol/l. These results suggest that short-chain fatty acids are required to possess both carboxyl (hydrophilic) group and hydrophobic tails in order to have the ability to stimulate amylase release, and that amylase release evoked by butyrate is caused through specific recognizing sites for short-chain fatty acids which might be different from ACh receptors, in the pancreatic segments of sheep and goats.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1992

Hawkinsinuria in two families.

Hawkinsinuria, a disorder of tyrosine metabolism has been documented in two families in the United States, in one of which there was clear evidence of autosomal dominant inheritance. Metabolic acidosis and failure to thrive appear to be confined to infancy. Tyrosyl metabolites and 5-oxoproline are also found only in infancy, while 4-hydroxycyclohexylacetic acid was present only with time. The disease may be detected by organic acid analysis or by staining an electropherogram for sulfur containing compounds.

Acidosis↗