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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Synaptic connections of central carotid sinus afferents in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius of the rat. II. Connections with substance P-immunoreactive neurons.

A combined transganglionic transport and immunocytochemical technique was used to study the synaptic morphology of central carotid sinus afferents and substance P-immunoreactive neurons in the commissural subnucleus of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius in rats. A large population of substance P-immunoreactive neurons (88.32%) were seen in close association with central carotid sinus afferents by light microscopy. However, many labelled central carotid sinus afferents appeared not associated with substance P-immunoreactive neurons in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius. Substance P-immunoreactive neurons were spindle, pear, or oval-shaped with a short axis ranging from 5 to 11 microns. Their long axis was oriented predominantly in a lateral-medial direction along the path of the central carotid sinus afferents from the solitary tract to the midline. Synaptic contacts between central carotid sinus afferents and substance P-structures, including dendritic profiles of different calibers and somas, were readily found by electron microscopy. Many central carotid sinus afferents were also found in synaptic contact with non-immunoreactive dendrites and somas. Appositions between central carotid sinus afferents and unlabelled axon terminals were common, but only in a few cases were morphological manifestations of synapses revealed. In the latter, the substance P-immunoreactive terminals appeared mostly presynaptic but postsynaptic ones were also encountered. Our data provide the evidence that some of the substance P-immunoreactive cells in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius are 2nd order neurons of the carotid sinus afferent pathway. The possibility that some of the substance P-immunoreactive neurons in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius may be interneurons and mediate carotid sinus afferent inputs to catecholaminergic neurons in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius is considered. Our findings also provide an anatomical substrate for a possible presynaptic modulatory role of central carotid sinus afferents on the inputs from other brain centers to the substance P-neurons in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1980

Central connections of the toad neural lobe as shown by retrograde neuronal labeling: classical and new connections.

Iontophoretic deposit of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the hypophysial neural lobe (NL) of the toad labeled neurons in the classical neurosecretory preoptic magnocellular nucleus. Further, a number of labeled neurons appeared in the whole extension of the periventricular and medial preoptic nuclei. The latter were continuous dorsally with two other labeled areas known as the bed nucleus of the hippocampal commissure (which appears to be homologous to the subfornical organ in mammals) and the ventromedial thalamic area of Frontera. The possible functional role of many of these afferents to the neural lobe is unknown because all types of neurons were labeled in the projecting zones and, in addition, many are outside of the generally recognized neurosecretory groups.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1980

Connections of the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in the tree shrew. II. Efferent connections.

[35S]Methionine was injected into the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus of 5 adult tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) and into the medioventral thalamic nucleus in another tree shrew. Three animals survived for 44 h and three others for two weeks (including the animal with the injection in the medioventral nucleus). Contact autoradiograms were made on an X-ray film. The mediodorsal thalamic nucleus was found to project ipsilaterally to all surfaces of the frontal pole of the cerebral cortex. No other projections of this nucleus have been established. Also in this species, the medioventral nucleus projects to the first layer of the entire neocortex ipsilaterally and to the mesencephalic tegmentum.

Animals↗