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PubMed1977

A hybrid computer system for use in cardiology.

Recent upsurge in the use of physiologic data for medical diagnostic and treatment procedures has prompted the medical profession to use the computer to automate and reduce the time required for data processing. Although the digital computer has traditionally been used to perform these tasks, a hybrid computer (combined analog and digital) has been found to provide many advantages over the digital computer, especially where on-line data processing is concerned. As a result, the Bio-Medical Engineering Center has installed a centrally located hybrid computer system at Ohio State University. One of the applications of this system has been processing cardiac catheterization data. Data is transmitted between the hospital and computer via infrared optics. The data can be analyzed in real time, with the results immediately available to the physician.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1985

A method for measuring specific activities of 14C-labelled compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-computer system.

A method for measuring specific activities of 14C-labelled compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-computer system (GC-MS-CPU) was developed. This method was proved to provide practically precise and accurate specific activities of various 14C-labelled compounds with such merits as requirement of small amount of samples, being applicable to volatile compounds, and convenience. The C.V. percent obtained for tested compounds was within 3.9 and the reliable sensitivity should be over 37 MBq/mM (1 mCi/mM). This method was also useful for obtaining information on the labelling pattern and the synthetic procedures applied.

Carbon Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1986

Improved programs for DNA and protein sequence analysis on the IBM personal computer and other standard computer systems.

We have previously described programs for a variety of types of sequence analysis (1-4). These programs have now been integrated into a single package. They are written in the standard C programming language and run on virtually any computer system with a C compiler, such as the IBM/PC and other computers running under the MS/DOS and UNIX operating systems. The programs are widely distributed and may be obtained from the authors as described below.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Whole words and decoding for short-term learning: comparisons on a "talking-computer" system.

Low-and average-ability readers in first and second grade studied a list of 36 words using a "talking-computer" system. The system highlighted and simultaneously pronounced orthographic units in the words when the children touched the words with a light pen. During two training sessions, the computer presented four groups of 9 words each, one group as whole words, one in syllabic units, one in subsyllabic units, and one as single grapheme-phoneme units. All children learned the least words with single grapheme-phoneme units, having had the greatest difficulty blending the units into words during training. The other presentation units did not differ significantly from each other for most students on post-testing. However, the low first-grade readers learned fewer words segmented and presented by subsyllables than by syllable or word units, but only for multisyllabic words. Monosyllabic words were blended and learned as easily with onset-rime segmentation as with whole word units, for all children.

Achievement↗
PubMed1981

Application of a gas chromatography mass spectrometry computer system for clinical diagnosis.

Currently, one of the major clinical problems is diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorders in neonates which are caused by a defect of specific enzymes. In order to diagnose such diseases at an earlier stage, we have developed a new mass screening method, consisting of a gas chromatography mass spectrometry computer system with a newly developed 'Diagnosis Computer Program'. In this program, the chromatographic pattern of the urine of a patient with an inherited metabolic disorder is compared with that of a normal person. Internal standards are applied to simplify the comparison. The total ion current chromatogram is drawn with the relative retention times plotted on the horizontal axis and the relative intensities on the vertical axis. Diseases are diagnosed by characteristics and quantity of abnormal compounds in the urine. Reference to the stored mass spectra of abnormal compounds by a library search enables the diagnosis to be more precise. Using this program, twenty-six inherited metabolic disorders are routinely diagnosed. The diagnosis of tyrosinosis is used here as an example.

Alkaptonuria↗
PubMed1995

Analysis of a Bacillus subtilis genome fragment using a co-operative computer system prototype.

Analysis of the huge volume of data generated by large scale sequencing projects requires the construction of new, sophisticated computer systems. These systems should be able to manage the biological data as well as the results of their analysis. They should also help the user to choose the most appropriate methods, and to string them together in order to solve a global analysis task. In this paper we present the prototype of a software system providing an environment for the analysis of large-scale sequence data. As a first step toward this end, this environment has been put to the test within the Bacillus subtilis genome sequencing project. This system integrates both the descriptive knowledge of the entities involved (genes, regulatory signals and the like) and the methodological knowledge comprising an extensible set of analytical methods. A knowledge representation based on two existing object-oriented models is used to implement this integrated system. In addition, the present prototype provides a suitable user interface both for displaying simultaneously the results generated by several methods and for interacting with the objects. We present in this paper the analysis of a B. subtilis genome fragment, present in data libraries but not annotated. Annotation of the genes present in the fragment allowed us to combine the results of several methods used for predicting coding sequences, and to characterize it as comprising a cryptic phage, the skin element. Comparison between the annotation of the skin element and a standard region of the chromosome indicated that local features of the nucleotide sequence could discriminate between phage and non-phage DNA sequence.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1981

An on-line computer system for hospital bacteriology: description of its development and comments after five years' use.

The development over several years of a computer system for hospital bacteriology reporting is described. The system was developed from a manual method to a punch-card batch processing system and finally to a real-time on-line system. The value of the system to the clinical departments and laboratory is discussed. Apart from minor defects the system has been of immense advantage to all who make use of its facilities.

Bacteriology↗
PubMed1980

Interactive computer system for monitoring multiphasic health screening.

In an on-going population screening investigation at the Department of Preventive Medicine in Malmö, an interactive computer system has been developed for monitoring: (i) the electron and invitation of the health screening population; (ii) on-line registration and representation of demographic informations, test results and questionnaires; (iii) generation of the patient files and other listings; (iv) systems for diagnostic and statistical processing and representation. Ten thousand health screening investigations have now been monitored by the system, which is described in this report.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expert system computer program for troubleshooting the gel-clot Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay.

This article describes a knowledge-based or expert system computer program that can assist in troubleshooting the gel-clot Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) method for the assay of endotoxin in parenteral products and in-process materials. The program may also be used to train new personnel and/or to assist in the development of an LAL method for a new product or material. The program includes LAL assay information for 31 parenteral products and materials. The program uses rules-of-thumb and intuition to diagnose 155 possible LAL assay problems and logically reduce them to 37 recommended problem solving processes. The program also provides references to support its recommendation.

Endotoxins↗
PubMed1981

Assessment of renal transplantation using a gamma camera computer system.

Five hundred eleven isotope studies were performed following renal transplantation in 130 patients, using a standard technique and a gamma camera computer system in a nuclear medicine department situated half a mile away from the renal transplant unit. A comprehensive picture of renal function is obtained from perfusion studies, renography, effective renal plasma flow, I-131-Hippuran uptake, and excretion measurements.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1982

A community hospital laboratory computer system: an eight-year longitudinal study of economic impact.

An analysis of the intralaboratory economic effects of installation of a dedicated laboratory computer system in a 450-bed acute care general hospital laboratory is presented using data accumulated during an eight-year period. Data collection and analytic conventions used included: (1) an inflation factor derived from the CPI to adjust costs; (2) semilogarithmic plotting; (3) patient procedure counts tallied as the raw count for patient specimens according to the CAP Workload Recording Method; and (4) total workload (including patient standard and control items) recorded according to the CAP WRM. The authors conclude that computerization has produced: (1) a decrease in inflation adjusted labor costs per unit of work; (2) a decrease in inflation adjusted direct cost per unit of work; (3) A decline in the ratio of clerical to technical labor force; and (4) An increase in overall productivity of approximately 7%.

Computers↗
PubMed1987

A computer system for haematology: experience in the use of the Trent-Phoenix system employing two central processing units and seven analysers--three remote.

We describe a modified Phoenix data processing system which has been introduced over a three year period into the Leicestershire Haematology and Blood Transfusion Services. The system is unique, employing two central processing units, which serve six Coulter S Plus IVD Counters and a Coulter S880, three of the analysers being located in satellite haematology laboratories. Details are provided of the system design and experience with the data processing activities within haematology. The blood transfusion laboratories utilize the same computer and this will be the subject of a later report.

Computer Systems↗