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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Cytomegalovirus colitis in a patient carrying the human immunodeficiency virus: the endoscopic image similar to pseudomembranous colitis].

Endoscopically detected ulcers and submucous haemorrhage are common findings related to cytomegalovirus infection. We report a case of cytomegalovirus colitis in a patient seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. Endoscopic findings showed elevated, white-yellowish, small size plaques with an erythematous central depression, resembling those found in pseudomembranous colitis.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1993

["Microscopic colitis" and collagenous colitis. Unusual explanation of diarrhea of unknown origin].

The article describes two female patients with severe diarrhoea. Both patients were suspected of having an organic diarrhoea syndrome and underwent extensive investigations. No specific diagnoses such as inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatic cholera, malabsorption and surreptitous ingestion of laxatives could be established. Histologic examination of biopsy specimens from apparently normal colon revealed microscopic changes characteristic of "microscopic colitis" in one of the patients, and of collagenous colitis in the other. The authors discuss similarities between these two microscopic abnormalities in colonic mucosa and their close association with chronic watery diarrhoea.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Joint manifestations in gastrointestinal diseases. 2. Whipple's disease, enteric infections, intestinal bypass operations, gluten-sensitive enteropathy, pseudomembranous colitis and collagenous colitis.

This review addresses the clinical picture of rheumatic diseases seen in Whipple's disease, gluten-sensitive enteropathy, pseudomembranous colitis, collagenous colitis and that developing after enteric infections and intestinal bypass operations for morbid obesity. These disorders exemplify the interplay between antigen entrance through the gastrointestinal canal, specific bacterial properties and genetic host factors such as HLA B27. In most cases such as interplay results in formation of circulating immune complexes causing the development of peripheral joint disease.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed2019

Dietary iron variably modulates assembly of the intestinal microbiota in colitis-resistant and colitis-susceptible mice.

Iron deficiency, a common comorbidity of gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), is often treated with oral iron supplementation. However, the safety of oral iron supplementation remains controversial because of its association with exacerbated disease activity in a subset of IBD patients. Because iron modulates bacterial growth and function, one possible mechanism by which iron may exacerbate inflammation in susceptible hosts is by modulating the intestinal microbiota. We, therefore, investigated the impact of dietary iron on the intestinal microbiota, utilizing the conventionalization of germ-free mice as a model of a microbial community in compositional flux to recapitulate the instability of the IBD-associated intestinal microbiota. Our findings demonstrate that altering intestinal iron availability during community assembly modulated the microbiota in non-inflamed wild type (WT) and colitis-susceptible interleukin-10-deficient (Il10-/-) mice. Depletion of luminal iron availability promoted luminal compositional changes associated with dysbiotic states irrespective of host genotype, including an expansion of Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia coli. Mechanistic in vitro growth competitions confirmed that high-affinity iron acquisition systems in E. coli enhance its abundance over other bacteria in iron-restricted conditions, thereby enabling pathobiont iron scavenging during dietary iron restriction. In contrast, distinct luminal community assembly was observed with dietary iron supplementation in WT versus Il10-/- mice, suggesting that the effects of increased iron on the microbiota differ with host inflammation status. Taken together, shifts in dietary iron intake during community assembly modulate the ecological structure of the intestinal microbiota and is dependent on host genotype and inflammation status.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Anatomic extent of colitis and disease severity are not predictors of pouchitis after restorative proctocolectomy for mucosal ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND: Pouchitis is a common complication following restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis (RPC-IPAA) for mucosal ulcerative colitis (MUC). The aim of this study was to determine if perioperative anatomic extent and severity of disease are predictors of pouchitis. METHODS: All consecutive patients who underwent RPC-IPAA for MUC between 1988 and 2002 were retrospectively studied. Pouchitis was classified as acute, recurrent or refractory. Colectomy specimen slides were histopathologically evaluated by a single blinded pathologist (MB), who assessed extent and severity of disease. RESULTS: Of 112 patients assessed, 70 (62.5%) had some form of pouchitis at a median follow-up of 38 months (range, 1-204 months). No association was found between the extent or severity of disease and subsequent development of acute or chronic pouchitis. A positive correlation was found between the histopathologic score and the occurrence of clinical pouchitis (p=0.014). The presence of colonic metaplasia in the pouch biopsy was significantly correlated with a histopathologic diagnosis of pouchitis (p<0.0001, r=-0.449). CONCLUSIONS: Following RPC for MUC, the extent and severity of disease do not predict the subsequent development of pouchitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Mucosal biopsy diagnosis of colitis: acute self-limited colitis and idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Rectal biopsy specimen changes distinguish acute self-limited colitis (ASLC) from idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to determine whether these histological criteria are also valid for acute-onset IBD. METHODS: Blind analysis of colorectal biopsy specimens from 52 patients with ASLC, 51 patients with acute-onset (< 3 months) IBD, and 30 patients with chronic IBD was performed. RESULTS: Histological features of ASLC are normal crypt architecture and acute lamina propria inflammation, but mixed acute and chronic inflammation can be found. Histological features of IBD are diffusely abnormal crypt architecture, crypt atrophy, mixed lamina propria inflammation, basal plasmacytosis, basal lymphoid aggregates, basal lymphoid hyperplasia, isolated giant cells, epithelioid granulomas, goblet cell mucus depletion, and reactive epithelial hyperplasia. Changes of chronic IBD were present in biopsy specimens as early as 7 days after the onset of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Rectal biopsy specimens are useful in distinguishing ASLC from acute-onset IBD even if the biopsy specimens are not obtained during the first 4 days of the illness. There were no significant differences in histology between acute-onset and chronic IBD.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Estrogen- and progesterone-associated colitis: a disorder with clinical and endoscopic features mimicking Crohn's colitis.

Five women presented with episodes of abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Their colonic endoscopic features included (1) rectal sparing, (2) segmental involvement of the colon, and (3) discrete ulcers with normal adjacent mucosa that mimicked Crohn's colitis. All patients were taking estrogen or progesterone or both, and their symptoms and endoscopic findings resolved with cessation of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Ulcerative colitis associated enteritis: is ulcerative colitis always confined to the colon?

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon whose etiology is unknown. Small bowel involvement in UC is extraordinarily rare, and should make the clinician question the diagnosis. However, we present a case of a 38-year-old man with voluminous diarrhea following colectomy for well-documented UC; he was found to have ulcerative enteritis with histologic features identical to UC. Also, for the first time, we present an inclusive review of another 11 cases of UC associated enteritis (UCAE) reported in the literature, and discuss the significance of the entity. We conclude that UC is rarely accompanied by enteritis that is distinct from Crohn disease, frequently presents shortly after colectomy, and usually is responsive to traditional therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-iron diet: foe or feat in ulcerative colitis and ulcerative colitis-associated carcinogenesis.

Anemia associated with long-standing chronic inflammation and iron deficiency, and the increased risk for the development of dysplasia and carcinoma, are two of the most common complications in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Because of iron and nutrition deficiency, UC patients are encouraged to consume a high-protein and high-iron diet. The crucial clinical question is the effect of a high-iron diet on inflammation activity and inflammation-driven carcinogenesis. Is a high-iron diet a foe or a feat in UC and UC-associated carcinogenesis? This review updates the progress and information on (1) iron nutrition and iron-deficiency anemia in patients with UC, (2) experimental evidence of the exacerbating effect of a high-iron diet on UC and its associated carcinogenesis and the difference between a high-iron diet and parental iron supplementation, (3) the clinical efficacy of, and concerns about, oral and intravenous iron supplements in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and iron deficiency anemia, and (4) the clinical implications of long-term iron supplements and management of UC. These experimental findings from animal models provide evidence to warrant further consideration and clinical studies of iron nutrition, inflammation activity, and cancer development.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Probable Crohn's colitis mimicking ischaemic colitis in a young adult.

The features on barium enema of ischaemic colitis is characteristic and the radiological sign of "thumb printing" thought to be almost pathognomonic of the condition. We report a case of inflammatory bowel disease, probably Crohn's disease mimicking these radiological features. This has not to our knowledge been previously documented.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Paucicellular and asymptomatic lymphocytic colitis: expanding the clinicopathologic spectrum of lymphocytic colitis.

We examined clinicopathologic associations and biopsy changes that suggested classic lymphocytic colitis (C-LC) but were less well developed in intensity or distribution in 19 cases, which we termed paucicellular LC (P-LC). We also studied clinicopathologic associations and prevalence of LC in 100 asymptomatic, non-gluten-sensitive adults who underwent screening surveillance colonoscopy for previous adenoma. The control group was 38 randomly selected morphologically C-LC cases. The features of P-LC were foci of mildly increased lamina propria lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and increased surface intraepithelial lymphocytes separated by foci or tissue fragments of normal mucosa. Mean age and rates of female sex, endoscopically normal appearing colon, abdominal pain, watery stools, weight loss, connective tissue diseases, and consistent ingestion of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were similar for P-LC and C-LC patients. Of 100 asymptomatic patients, 26 (26%) had LC and 43 (43%) used NSAIDs daily. Of these 43 patients, 14 (33%) had P-LC or C-LC. Daily NSAID ingestion was associated significantly with LC (P = .024). P-LC patients had clinicopathologic relationships similar to those of C-LC patients, suggesting they should be considered part of the morphologic spectrum of LC. LC in asymptomatic adults might be more common than previously thought and might not be associated with watery diarrhea syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Arthritis and collagenous colitis. Report of a case with concomitant chronic polyarthritis and collagenous colitis.

A 26-year-old woman simultaneously developed chronic seronegative non-destructive polyarthritis and chronic watery diarrhoea. Biopsies from the colorectal mucosa showed a thickened subepithelial collagen layer consistent with collagenous colitis. The combination of these conditions has not, to our knowledge, been described previously. On the basis of only one patient it is too early to determine whether or not this case represents a new type of enteropathic arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Complications of extraintestinal endocrine disease associated with ulcerative colitis--association of ulcerative colitis and autoimmune thyroid disease].

We experienced a rare case of Basedow's disease followed by ulcerative colitis (UC). The association of UC and autoimmune thyroid disease was reviewed and discussed. A high frequency of endocrine autoimmunity, especially autoimmune thyroid disease, was reported in patients with UC. But prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease associated with UC varies widely in different studies. Some authors described that it was impossible to say that the observed numbers of UC associated with thyroid disease exceed to those to be expected in a random sample of the general populations. The hypothesis that autoimmunity is important in the pathogenesis of UC and thyroid disease continues to stimulate interest. But the evidence for autoimmunity acting in these diseases is not quite as convinced. Further investigation is warranted to clarify the exact relationships between UC and thyroid disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Fulminant colitis complicating antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis: case report and review of the clinical manifestations and treatment.

A middle-aged man presented with diarrhea, fever, and leukocytosis 7 days after discontinuation of clindamycin therapy for a urinary tract infection. Proctosigmoidoscopy showed adherent, raised plaques studding the bowel wall consistent with antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Vancomycin therapy was begun, but progressive abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, and loss of bowel sounds occurred. Serial abdominal radiographs demonstrated colonic wall edema without dilatation. Subtotal colectomy was performed and resulted in complete resolution of symptoms.

Clindamycin↗
PubMed1993

[Toxic megacolon in pseudomembranous colitis. Complicated course of antibiotic-induced Clostridium difficile colitis].

We report on a patient with antibiotic-induced pseudomembranous colitis aggravated by toxic megacolon. Colonoscopy not only rapidly permits the diagnosis to be established, but the relief of pressure achieved simultaneously also has a therapeutic effect. If treatment comprising parenteral fluid and electrolyte replacement in combination with oral vancomycin fails to effect an improvement, surgery becomes necessary. Current recommendations for treatment are discussed on the basis of a review of the literature. However, a major preventive measure remains the rational use of antibiotics.

Adolescent↗