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Spontaneous rupture of renal cysts into the pyelocaliceal system.

Patients with spontaneous rupture of renal cortical cysts into the pyelocalciceal system present with gross hematuria, usually associated with flank or abdominal pain. Diagnosis is established by retrograde filling of the cyst cavity with contrast material through a wide pyelocaliceal communication visualized during IVP with nephrotomography. Percutaneous renal puncture with histochemical analysis of the aspirate is indicated in certain patients for diagnostic confirmation. Renal angiography and/or an operation should be performed when the differential diagnosis remains unclear. Antibiotics in the patients with urinary tract infections along with conservative medical management is sufficient treatment, since rapid closure of the cyst-pyelocaliceal communication with cessation of hemorrhage occurs rapidly in most patients.

Adult↗

[The value of sonography in the diagnosis of renal space-occupying lesions].

1. Sonography achieves an accuracy of 93% (n = 55/59) in the localisation of space-occupying lesions in the kidney. Since the method is somewhat laborious, ultra sound, in the form of a slow B-scan, cannot be regarded as an alternative to radiology with an accuracy of 97% (n = 57/59). 2. For a pathological diagnosis, particularly in the distinction between tumours and cysts, sonography, with an accuracy of 98% (n = 54/55) is markedly better than radiology with an accuracy of 50% (n = 21/42). Sonography is approximately equal to angiography, which has an accuracy of 97% (n = 69/71). 3. Sonography is useful and is indicated for: a) the investigation of non-functioning kidneys, b) patients in whom radiographic contrast media are contra-indicated, and c) for puncture of renal cysts. (F. St.).

Carbuncle↗

[Accuracy in the diagnosis of renal masses. Computed tomography, sonography, urography, angiography].

One hundred and twelve renal masses, whose histology was confirmed at operation, as well as renal vein thrombosis and renal infiltration, were examined by urography, sonography, CT and angiography. In general the results showed good agreement. For the diagnosis of the type of tumour, its size, infiltration into the renal capsule, demonstration of regional lymph node metastases and infiltration into neighbouring organs and for the diagnosis of liver metastases, CT was superior to the other methods.

Abscess↗

Periorbital soft-tissue and socket reconstruction.

Deformities of the periorbital soft tissue and socket after trauma or infection may involve the bony framework, orbital contents, and periorbital soft tissues, requiring careful evaluation. Soft-tissue reconstruction necessitates the appreciation of a three-dimensional defect. Structural reconstruction in conjunction with prosthetic replacement of the globe requires careful planning. Three cases illustrating problems and results after reconstructions are presented.

Adult↗

A clinical appraisal of flucloxacillin in the management of skin and soft tissue infections in Nigeria.

The resolution of skin and soft tissue infections following a single course of treatment with flucloxacillin was assessed in 235 patients recruited by nineteen physicians. In all, 88.5% of patients were completely cured or showed a highly satisfactory improvement after 3 to 12 days' treatment. Only three patients failed to show any improvement at all. Side-effects were limited to twelve patients (5.1%) all of whom were able to complete their course of treatment.

Abscess↗

Dermatological problems in the athlete.

Sports activities expose the skin to a variety of risk factors that can affect an athlete's performance. The sports physical therapist must be able to identify and properly manage dermatological problems encountered by athletes. Common dermatological conditions resulting from mechanical, infectious, environmental, and sexual factors are presented. Discussion of etiology, signs and symptoms, treatment options, and preventative measures are intended to guide the physical therapist in making appropriate decisions regarding skin disorders.

Bandages↗