Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Calcium Chloride”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Improvement of beef tenderness and quality traits with calcium chloride injection in beef loins 48 hours postmortem.

Boneless strip loin subprimals (n = 24) were fabricated from 12 USDA Standard yield grade 2 carcasses at a commercial beef processing facility and processed 48 h postmortem to determine the effect of injection of 200 or 250 mM calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution at 5% (wt/wt) on beef quality traits. One-third of the subprimal served as the control; the remaining portion was injected with either 200 or 250 mM CaCl2 at 5% (wt/wt). The CaCl2 concentration treatment was randomly assigned to strip loins fabricated from either the right or left side of the carcass. After 7 or 14 d of postmortem storage at 2 degrees C, 2.5-cm-thick steaks were cut from each control and treated portion of the subprimals and evaluated for Warner-Bratzler shear (WBS) force, retail display characteristics, Minolta colorimeter L*, a*, and b* values, and trained sensory panel ratings. Treatment of the muscle with 250 mM CaCl2 increased (P < .05) trained sensory panel tenderness and beef flavor scores, and both CaCl2 concentrations decreased WBS force values, when compared with the control. Scores for color, uniformity, and browning in the retail display case did not differ (P > .05) for the 200-mM treatment compared with the control. Scores for discoloration in the retail display decreased (P < .05) for all three-way interactions of CaCl2 concentration, aging time, and display time after d 2 (except 7-d control, which remained the same [P > .05] d 1 through 5). The L* values did not differ (P < .05) for interactions of CaCl2 concentration, x aging time, and retail display.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1985

The effect of tap water, carbonated water, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium chloride on blood acid-base balance in cockerels subjected to heat stress.

Twenty Hubbard cockerels each weighing 2.4 kg were surgically fitted with plastic cannulae in the carotid artery and crop. A solution of either tap water (TW), carbonated water (CW), 2% sodium bicarbonate (HCO3-), or 3.5% calcium chloride (CaCl2) with pH of 7.8, 5.2, 8.0, and 7.4, respectively, was infused into the crop at .41 ml X min-1 X kg body weight (BW)-1. Blood pH, carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2), and respiratory rate (RR) were measured at 15-min intervals during a 90-min thermoneutral period (25 C) followed by a 90-min heat stress (37 C). Polypnea occurred in all treatments in the 37 C environment. Infusion of HCO3- increased blood pH throughout the thermoneutral and heat stress periods, and CaCl2 infusion decreased blood pH throughout the experimental periods. At thermoneutral temperature, TW and CW infusions did not affect blood pH or PCO2. During heat stress, blood pH increased in TW and CW treatments; change and final pH were significantly lower (P less than .05) for CW- compared with TW-infused birds. Although blood PCO2 decreased in all treatments with the imposition of heat stress, blood PCO2 was significantly greater (P less than .05) in birds infused with HCO3- at the end of the heat-stress period. The results demonstrate that CW treatment produced a more favorable acid-base balance during acute heat stress than TW by reducing blood pH change during thermal polypnea. Also, high levels of NaHCO3 and CaCl2 intake can produce abnormal acid-base equilibrium conditions during the heat stress-induced respiratory alkalosis.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed2005

Effects of inotropic drugs on mechanical function and oxygen balance in postischemic canine myocardium: comparison of dobutamine, epinephrine, amrinone, and calcium chloride.

Brief ischemic episodes that induce myocardial and coronary endothelial dysfunction may alter the responses to inotropic drugs. To determine the effects of inotropic drugs in stunned myocardium, the coronary blood flow (CBF), myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2), and regional mechanical function in response to intracoronary dobutamine, epinephrine, amrinone, and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were measured before (normal) and 30 min after a 15-min-period occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (stunned) in an open-chest canine model. Percent segment shortening (%SS) and post-systolic shortening (%PSS) were determined. Myocardial extraction of oxygen (EO2) and lactate (E(lac)) was calculated. The inotropic drugs increased %SS, CBF, and MVO2 in normal myocardium. Epinephrine and amrinone decreased, while dobutamine and CaCl2 did not affect EO2. The ischemia and reperfusion itself significantly reduced %SS and E(lac), and increased %PSS. In stunned myocardium, the responses to inotropic drugs were not significantly altered, except that they progressively reduced %PSS and epinephrine did not affect EO2. These findings indicate that a brief episode of ischemia does not affect the mechanical and metabolic coronary flow responses to inotropic drugs, although it abolishes direct vasodilator responses to epinephrine.

Amrinone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the antidysrhythmic effects of delta- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists and antagonists on calcium chloride-, adrenaline- and ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in rats.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the involvement of delta- and kappa-opioid receptors in both ischemia- and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias, and to elucidate some of the plausible mechanisms conferring antidysrhythmic effects on opioid delta- and kappa-receptor agonists and antagonists. Different models of arrhythmia (calcium chloride [CaCl(2)]-, adrenaline-, and ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias) were employed. The following opioid agonists, antagonists and blockers were used in the study: [D-Ala(2), D-Leu(5)]enkephalin (DADLE), a selective delta-receptor agonist; trans-3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl]benzeneacetamide (U-50488H), a selective kappa-receptor agonist; Naltriben Methanesul-fonate (NTB), a selective delta(2)-antagonist with kappa-receptor agonist-like activity; natrindole, a non-selective delta(1)- and delta(2)-receptor antagonist; nor-binaltorphimine dehydrochloride (nor-BNI), a selective kappa-receptor antagonist; chelerythrine, a selective protein kinase C inhibitor, and glibenclamide, a selective blocker of ATP-sensitive K channel. Although results of the morphometric, enzymatic, hemodynamic, electrocardiographic and pharmacodynamic studies undertaken suggest that both opioid delta(1)- and kappa-receptors are involved in the phenomenon of ischemic heart preconditioning (IPC), the antidysrhythmic effects of the opioids seem to be mediated mainly via kappa-receptors. The antidysrhythmic effect of U50488H was found to be a consequence of its beta-blocking activity (which is comparable to that of propranolol, a Class II antiarrhythmic drug) and its ability to prolong myocardial action potential (QT-interval prolongation, which is comparable to that of amiodarone, a Class III antiarrhythmic drug). The antidysrrhythmic effects of the opioid compounds examined were almost completely abolished by glibenclamide or chelerythrine pretreatment. No calcium-channel blocking activity was observed in this investigation. The present observations suggested that opioid receptors displaying well known analgesic properties may have the potential to protect the myocardium during cardiac ischemia at the early stages of myocardial infarction (when early arrhythmias are the most common causes of death).

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1994

The response of Quick's prothrombin time test to oral anticoagulation. Influence of thromboplastin source and calcium chloride concentration.

The response of the prothrombin time to oral anticoagulant treatment depends on the thromboplastin reagent and method of testing. A prothrombin time assay system may be characterized by its international sensitivity index (ISI) with which a coumarin-treated patient's international normalized ratio can be calculated. Both the anticoagulant (sodium oxalate or sodium citrate) and calcium chloride concentrations influenced the ISI. An ISI of 2.0 was obtained for Quick's prothrombin time assay using rabbit brain thromboplastin. Replacing rabbit brain by human brain thromboplastin (Aggeler's method) resulted in an ISI of 1.3. The results described herein are mainly of historical interest and may assist in the interpretation of anticoagulation intensity in early American recommendations.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Calcium chloride sprays decrease physiological disorders following long-term cold storage of apple.

Field experiments were carried out at the Horticultural Research Institute, and in five commercial apple orchards, located in southwest Finland including the Aland Islands during 1994 and 1995. The experimental cultivars were Melba, Raike, Red Atlas, Akerö, Aroma, and Lobo. The treatments were untreated control and preharvest calcium chloride (CaCl2) sprays at Ca 2.0 g/l. Fruit samples were stored for two to six months at 2-4 degrees C and 85-95% RH. The percentage of the incidence of physiological disorders of stored apples was scored. Fruit macronutrients, firmness, diameter and juice titratable acidity and percentage of soluble solids were determined. Only a few nutrient effects in the flesh of the apple cultivars were a result of CaCl2 sprayings. Preharvest CaCl2 sprays increased fruit firmness and the titratable acidity but decreased soluble solids, soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio, and the incidence of physiological storage disorders of some cultivars. When looking at the mean of all cultivars, CaCl2 sprayings increased titratable acidity and decreased soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio after four months of storage during 1995 and reduced the incidence of physiological disorders after three months of storage during 1994 and after four months of storage in 1995.

Calcium Chloride↗
PubMed2001

Structure of the X-phase of 38% brominated betaine calcium chloride dihydrate.

The structures of the high- and low-temperature phases of 38% brominated BCCD [betaine (trimethylammonioacetate) calcium chloride dihydrate], the latter being known as the X-phase, have been determined by single-crystal neutron diffraction at 295 and 20 K, respectively. The symmetry of the X-phase is described by the P2(1)2(1)2(1) space group. The distortion with respect to the high-temperature Pnma phase is characterized by anti-symmetric displacements of the betaine molecules as well as of the Ca octahedra. On the basis of a symmetry-mode analysis, we propose an interpretation of the direct phase transition that occurs around 80 K between these two phases.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Ionized hypocalcemia after fresh frozen plasma administration to thermally injured children: effects of infusion rate, duration, and treatment with calcium chloride.

A number of cardiac arrests and severe hypotensive episodes have been witnessed associated with the intravenous infusion of fresh frozen plasma (FFP). To clarify the possible role of hypocalcemia, 28 thermally injured anesthetized pediatric patients with massive blood loss were studied to examine the cardiovascular responses (mean arterial pressure [MAP], heart rate, ECG) to 49 infusions of FFP. Rapid, statistically significant reductions in ionized calcium ([Ca2+]) followed each of four rates (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 ml.kg-1.min-1 for 5 minutes) of FFP infusion (P less than 0.0001). The slowest rate resulted in significantly less reduction in [Ca2+] than did the higher infusion rates (P less than 0.002). In five children MAP decreased greater than or equal to 20% below baseline levels, but this was not correlated with rate of FFP administration or decrease in [Ca2+]. The decreases in [Ca2+] and MAP were inversely related to age and unrelated to anesthetic technique. Changes in the Q-oTc interval were not related to [Ca2+]. Adverse cardiovascular responses and reduced [Ca2+] were not significantly different between 5- and 10-minute FFP infusions. Fewer fluctuations in MAP occurred when calcium chloride (CaCl2) was administered; the least fluctuation in [Ca2+] occurred when CaCl2 was administered during the plasma infusion. It is concluded that in thermally injured children 1-17 years old: 1) Rapid infusions of FFP produce sudden but evanescent decreases in [Ca2+]; more rapid infusions result in greater reductions in [Ca2+]. 2) There is no correlation between [Ca2+] and systemic hypotension. 3) Clinically important decreases in MAP occasionally accompany the rapid infusion of FFP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Therapeutic effect of calcium chloride in myocardial hypoxia caused by acute massive hemorrhage].

It was demonstrated in experiments on 119 adult dogs that acute massive blood loss leads to the development of hemorrhagic shock with marked signs of myocardial hypoxia, especially in the late period of the pathological process. These signs are not removed by various types of transfusion therapy and are among the causes of the animals' death. Intravenous infusion of 10% calcium chloride solution following transfusion therapy leads to marked diminution of tachycardia, restoration of sinus arrhythmia, decrease of general peripheral resistance, reduction of the capacity of the venous bed, acceleration of the blood flow rate, and normalization of the central mechanisms of cardiac activity regulation. The phenomena of myocardial hypoxia disappear as a result of which the development of irreparable changes is prevented and most of the animals survive.

Acute Disease↗