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Results for “Auditory Pathways”

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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Directional hearing, temporal order, auditory pattern: new methods of symptomatological study of the central auditory pathways. Physiological data].

New tonal audiometry tests: directional hearing, temporal order and hearing pattern were experimented in 50 healthy subjects with normal hearing. These tests involve the ability to integrate and elaborate complex tonal stimuli at the central pathway level, in addition to the perception of tonal stimuli. The method and apparatus employed are described. In spite of the complexity of the latter, the tests are rapid and easily understood by the subject. They are thus suitable for extension from the laboratory into clinical practice. Their use has shown that the central routes display a variety of capabilities at different levels, of both dynamic and static type; the former are evaluated by the directional hearing test, the latter by the other two tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Organogenesis of hearing. Ontogenesis of the auditory pathways].

A general review of the bibliography concerning the embryonic development of the auditory receptor provides a better knowledge of this topic, and anatomical basis of prenatal hearing, the existence of which has recently been demonstrated. The auditory receptor appears to be functional from the second trimester of pregnancy, but hearing seems mainly possible after 35 weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Auditory pathways: are 'what' and 'where' appropriate?

New evidence confirms that the auditory system encompasses temporal, parietal and frontal brain regions, some of which partly overlap with the visual system. But common assumptions about the functional homologies between sensory systems may be misleading.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1981

Neural delay in the ascending auditory pathway.

Evoked responses from the cochlea and cochlear nucleus in the rat were studied using two types of stimuli: (1) bursts of tones or noise, and (2) continuous tones or noise that were amplitude modulated with pseudorandom noise. While the responses to the first type of stimuli were averaged only in the conventional way, the responses to the continuous and amplitude modulated sounds were averaged over one period of the pseudorandom noise. This average was then cross correlated with one period of the noise. The morphology of these cross correlation functions was in many ways similar to the response to transient sounds. Recordings from the round window of the cochlea and the cochlear nucleus showed that the latencies of these peaks in the responses to tone bursts and those of the cross correlation functions obtained from the continuous tones modulated with pseudorandom noise were similar. However, the latencies of the peaks in the cross correlation functions were slightly shorter and showed less dependency on the stimulus intensity than did the peaks in the responses to tone bursts. When the responses to noise bursts and the responses to noise that was amplitude modulated were compared, it was found that the latencies of the peaks in the cross correlation functions were nearly independent of the stimulus intensity. However, the peaks in the averaged responses to noise bursts showed a decrease in latency with increasing sound intensity.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Representation of spectrotemporal sound information in the ascending auditory pathway.

The representation of sound information in the central nervous system relies on the analysis of time-varying features in communication and other environmental sounds. How are auditory physiologists and theoreticians to choose an appropriate method for characterizing spectral and temporal acoustic feature representations in single neurons and neural populations? A brief survey of currently available scientific methods and their potential usefulness is given, with a focus on the strengths and weaknesses of using noise analysis techniques for approximating spectrotemporal response fields (STRFs). Noise analysis has been used to foster several conceptual advances in describing neural acoustic feature representation in a variety of species and auditory nuclei. STRFs have been used to quantitatively assess spectral and temporal transformations across mutually connected auditory nuclei, to identify neuronal interactions between spectral and temporal sound dimensions, and to compare linear vs. nonlinear response properties through state-dependent comparisons. We propose that noise analysis techniques used in combination with novel stimulus paradigms and parametric experiment designs will provide powerful means of exploring acoustic feature representations in the central nervous system.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1999

Descending auditory pathways: projections from the inferior colliculus contact superior olivary cells that project bilaterally to the cochlear nuclei.

Multiple retrograde and anterograde tracers were used to characterize a pathway that extends from the inferior colliculus to both the left and right cochlear nuclei via a synaptic relay in the superior olivary complex. Different fluorescent tracers were injected into the left and right cochlear nuclei to identify cells in the superior olivary complex that project bilaterally. Double-labeled cells were present in almost all periolivary nuclei; the majority were located in the ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body and the anteroventral periolivary nucleus. Because these two nuclei are targets of descending projections from the inferior colliculus, triple-labeling experiments were performed to determine whether collicular axons contact the periolivary cells that project to the cochlear nuclei. The results demonstrate that descending axons from the inferior colliculus contact periolivary cells that project to the cochlear nuclei, including periolivary cells that project bilaterally. This pathway could provide an opportunity for higher levels of the auditory system to influence activity bilaterally in the cochlear nuclei and thus to modulate the initial processing of acoustic information by the brain.

Animals↗