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An improved preparation of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)acetophenone and safety considerations in the preparation of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl Grignard reagent.

An improved and efficient bromination of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene was developed. A safe and reliable preparation of the potentially explosive 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl Grignard and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl Grignard reagents, from the precursor bromides, is described. Reaction System Screening Tool (RSST) and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) studies suggest these trifluoromethylphenyl Grignard reagents can detonate on loss of solvent contact or upon moderate heating. When prepared and handled according to the methods described herein, these Grignard reagents can be safely prepared and carried on to advanced intermediates.

Journal Article↗

Unexpected migration and oxidative cyclization of substituted 2-acetophenone triflates under basic conditions: synthetic and mechanistic insights.

Oxidative ring closure of alkyl-substituted 2-hydroxyacetophenone trifluoromethanesulfonate esters (triflates) occurs upon exposure to base in anaerobic DMF at 20-90 degrees C. Alkyl substitution is required for ring closure. A migrated enol triflate product forms at lower temperature in high yield via migration of the trifluoromethanesulfonate in the unsubstituted and monoalkyl-substituted cases. The alkyl-substituted enol triflates also enter into the benzofuran-3-one ring-forming process under thermal cyclization conditions. Potential mechanistic pathways are evaluated.

Journal Article↗

Pharmacokinetics of 3-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetophenone-(4,5-diphenyloxazol-2-yl) hydrazone (ZIMET 98/69) after oral administration to mice.

The pharmacokinetics of the hetarylhydrazone derivative 3H-ZIMET 98/69 after oral administration to mice were studied. The absorption of the drug is incomplete and dose-dependent; elimination proceeds slowly, the serum half-life being of about 30 h. Repeated daily administration of the drug leads to a moderate accumulation of radioactivity in serum as well as in various tissues. The moderate bioavailability after oral administration of ZIMET 98/69 has to be considered as one reason for the high doses necessary for the antiviral action of the drug in vivo.

Administration, Oral↗