Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ACTINOMYCOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary endobronchial actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis.

Primary endobronchial actinomycosis is an extremely rare disease that presents with endobronchial mass. We report 2 cases of primary endobronchial actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis. There was no foreign body material, suggesting that these broncholiths were formed endogenously. Even though it is very rare, endobronchial actinomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of calcified endobronchial mass, especially when there is no clinical or radiological evidence of a granulomatous infection, such as tuberculosis, and the yellowish materials obstructing the bronchi are seen during bronchoscopy.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1981

Subendothelial electron-dense deposits in pulmonary alveolar wall in pulmonary actinomycosis.

Pulmonary actinomycosis is characterized by an extensive interstitial fibrosis of the lung in addition to granulomatous disease. I examined the fibrotic lung tissue of actinomycosis by electron microscopy and found subendothelial electron-dense deposits in the alveolar capillary wall. The meaning of this finding is discussed concerning the pathogenesis of interstitial fibrosis in pulmonary actinomycosis.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Actinomycosis of the larynx and pharynx.

This paper presents a case report of a 67-year-old man who was seen in the Otolaryngology Clinic, University of Wisconsin Medical Center with a seven-month history of dyspnea and laryngeal stridor. On examination there were several slightly tender firm submucosal nodules in the soft palate and left tonsilar area and a 1.5-cm polypoid subglottic mass arising from the body of the cricoid cartilage. Because of the marked airway obstruction, a tracheotomy was necessary. The laryngeal polypoid mass was removed and biopsies were obtained from the submucosal nodular masses of the palate. Microscopic examination of the tissue revealed the lesions to be caseating granulomas, and actinomycosis was identified on the cultures. The patient received long-term penicillin therapy and has remained asymptomatic. A discussion of the biologic and clinical aspects of actinomycosis is included. A review of the literature revealed only one other description of endolaryngeal actinomycosis.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Actinomycosis as a rare cause of vertebral osteolysis.

Actinomycosis is an uncommon entity caused by an anaerobic bacterium, Actinomyces species, most often Actinomyces israelii. We present a patient who suffered from progressive lumbar pain and high fever. Actinomycosis infection was diagnosed after extensive radiological and pathological evaluation. Treatment with i.v. ampicillin was started, followed by oral antibiotics for one year. This paper gives an overview of the different clinical presentations of actinomycosis infection, with special attention to the skeletal involvement. We also discuss diagnosis and treatment. The clinical picture can mimic several other conditions, such as lymphomas. Delay in diagnosis and treatment can significantly worsen the condition of the patient.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed2004

Actinomycosis of the parotid masquerading as malignant neoplasm.

BACKGROUND: Primary actinomycosis of the parotid gland is of rare occurrence and can mimic a malignant neoplasm both clinically as well as radiologically. CASE PRESENTATION: We present here a case of primary actinomycosis of the parotid gland presenting with a parotid mass lesion with erosion of skull bones. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical presentation of cervico-facial actinomycosis is characterized by the presence of a suppurative or indurative mass with discharging sinuses. The lesion demonstrates characteristic features on fine needle aspiration cytology and histology, however at times the findings are equivocal.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed2006

Chronic sinusitis unresponsive to medical therapy: a case of maxillary sinus actinomycosis focusing on computed tomography findings.

Actinomycosis of the paranasal sinuses is a rare occurrence and its clinical presentation does not suggest a specific diagnosis. Therefore, actinomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of neoplasms and granulomatous lesions of the head and neck region. However, the differentiation from a malignant neoplasm is not easy because the radiological findings are frequently similar and positive cultures are difficult to obtain. This report highlights the clinical progress of paranasal actinomycosis associated with some computed tomography findings that can be extremely helpful in the correct diagnosis. The characteristics of the disease are described and the relevant literature is discussed.

Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial↗
PubMed2002

Endobronchial actinomycosis associated with foreign body: four cases and a review of the literature.

Four cases of primary endobronchial actinomycosis associated with an inhaled foreign body are described. In the light of these cases and those previously reported in the literature, we describe the main features of this uncommon association. All patients were > 55 years old, were predominantly men, and were usually in a debilitated state. In > 50% of cases, the clinical presentation was suggestive of lung cancer. Thoracic CT rarely revealed a foreign body, but the granulomatous reaction of the bronchial wall was sometimes suggestive of bronchial thickening. Sulfur granules identified on bronchial biopsies were highly suggestive of actinomycosis in most cases, but microbiological culture findings were usually negative. Antibiotics generally ensure good recovery. Extraction of the foreign body was delayed after antibiotic therapy in one half of cases, suggesting the need for endoscopic follow-up in bronchial actinomycosis.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1991

Endobronchial actinomycosis simulating bronchogenic carcinoma. Diagnosis by bronchial biopsy.

Five cases of actinomycosis of the main bronchi or trachea which were suggestive clinically of bronchogenic carcinoma are described. In four patients the correct diagnosis was made by a bronchial biopsy or wash, or both. Three of them recovered following antibiotic treatment, and one died a few days after bronchoscopy. In one case the Actinomyces were found in the bronchial wash retrospectively following diagnosis of pulmonary actinomycosis in the lobectomy specimen. A concomitant endobronchial lipoma was found in one of the patients. The diagnosis of pulmonary actinomycosis by bronchial biopsy may save the patient major surgical intervention.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1993

Abdominal actinomycosis: CT findings in 10 patients.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the CT findings in 10 patients with abdominal actinomycosis to determine the appearance of lesions and the pattern of spread of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the CT findings in 10 patients with pathologically proved actinomycosis. Involved areas were the pelvis (n = 4), greater omentum (n = 3), liver (n = 2), and kidney (n = 1). Contrast-enhanced (oral and IV) CT scans were available in all patients. Unenhanced CT scans were also available in six patients. RESULTS: CT scans showed mostly solid masses with focal areas of diminished attenuation in seven patients and mostly cystic masses with thickened walls in three. CT findings confirmed the infiltrative nature of the disease, showing its tendency to invade across tissue planes and boundaries. Dense inhomogeneous contrast enhancement in the walls or solid components of masses was seen in eight patients. Minimal lymphadenopathy was seen in only two patients. CONCLUSION: Although nonspecific, actinomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis when CT scans show an infiltrative mass with unusual aggressiveness and dense inhomogeneous contrast enhancement, especially in patients with fever, leukocytosis, or long-term use of intrauterine contraceptive devices.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed2005

Endobronchial actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis: CT findings for nine patients.

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the CT findings for endobronchial actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis. CONCLUSION: Endobronchial actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis manifests as a proximal obstructive calcified endobronchial nodule associated with distal post-obstructive pneumonia of the involved lobe or segment on CT. The possibility of endobronchial actinomycosis should be entertained when broncholithiasis is seen on CT in tuberculosis-endemic areas.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1995

Progressive intractable actinomycosis in patients with AIDS.

Two rare cases of progressive oropharyngeal actinomycosis, characterized by a subacute and invasive course despite seemingly appropriate antibiotic and surgical treatment, have been observed in patients with AIDS. A brief review of previously reported cases of actinomycosis in HIV-infected patients is presented. Clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic problems dealing with actinomycosis in the immunocompromised host are discussed.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1979

Actinomycosis of the head and neck.

Actinomycosis has been known to involve virtually every anatomic site in the body; those infections involving the head and neck will be reviewed. Actinomycosis of the head and neck has many presentations; it may disguise itself as a tumor or present as a draining abscess which has failed to reveal an infectious agent as its etiology. With more recent attention directed toward the detection of anaerobic organisms especially in the cervicofacial region, this diagnosis is being made more frequently. In this review, a discussion of the bacteriology of Actinomyces, including a review of its taxonomy, morphology, growth requirements, and biochemistry, will be presented. Recommendations are made to clinicians and laboratory personnel who handle such specimens in order that they might obtain maximum information. In addition, infections which mimic or accompany actinomycosis will be reviewed. The diagnosis and management of this infection, including the physical exam, X-ray and laboratory tests, and collection and handling of specimens, as well as the surgical and antibiotic therapy will be discussed in depth. The variety of clinical presentations with their differential diagnosis is used to illustrate the complexity of this disease.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Actinomycosis--an unusual case of an uncommon disease.

Actinomycosis is an uncommon disease caused by organisms of the Actinomyces genus. These organisms are commonly found in the mucous membranes but do not cause infection unless there is disruption of the membranes, as occurs, for example, during dental trauma or abdominal surgery. Use of an IUD is also a risk factor for pelvic actinomycosis. The disease is usually insidious and is often mistaken for other conditions. Treatment of the infection, once diagnosed, is a regimen of long-term antibiotics such as penicillin, clindamycin, and others. Our patient had pelvic and sacral actinomycosis without any of the traditional risk factors for infection.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed2001

Cervical epidural actinomycosis. Case report.

Cervical actinomycosis causing spinal cord compression is a rare clinical entity. In a review of the literature, the authors found only 13 cases with actinomycosis-related spinal neurological deficit. The authors describe the case of a 26-year-old man who presented with neck pain and partial paresis of the upper limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a long cervical epidural enhancing lesion that extended from C-1 to T-2. The radiological findings resembled metastasis and other epidural infections. The patient was treated medically with penicillin and amoxicillin for 7 months and recovered neurologically. The authors conclude that although cervical epidural actinomycosis is a rare clinical entity resembling metastasis and other infections in this region, it should be considered so that this unique infection can be diagnosed in the least invasive fashion and, whenever possible, unnecessary surgery can be avoided.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed2002

Primary vesical actinomycosis: a case diagnosed by multiple transabdominal needle biopsies.

Primary vesical actinomycosis is an extremely rare disease. In most cases it is misdiagnosed as vesical or urachal tumor and usually diagnosed through post-operative pathologic confirmation. Here we report a case of primary vesical actinomycosis confirmed by preoperative repeated multiple transabdominal biopsies. The patient was a 49-yr-old woman who presented with frequency, dysuria, and intermittent gross hematuria for 2 months. Computed tomography and cystoscopic examination showed broad-based, edematous, and protruding mass at the dome and anterior portion of the bladder. The clinical and imaging findings of the patient initially suggested vesical malignancy. Transurethral resection and multiple biopsies of the mass were performed. Pathologic examination demonstrated fibrosis with chronic inflammation. We performed repeated transabdominal multiple needle biopsies for further pathologic confirmation. Histopathologic examination demonstrated typical sulfur granules, which were consistent with actinomycosis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1981

Brain abscess and other protean manifestations of actinomycosis.

Reports on human actinomycosis documented by culture have been infrequent, particularly from India. The present paper reports 12 cases of actinomycosis confirmed by culture. These include two unusual cases of actinomycosis of the brain with no granules in the pus, two pulmonary cases, one renal, one abdominal, and six cervico-facial. The lethal outcome with organ involvement, and the chronicity in some cases, warrant early etiologic confirmation and prompt treatment.

Actinomyces↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Renal, colonic and retroperitoneal actinomycosis--a case report.

An unusual case of actinomycosis involving the kidney, retroperitoneum and colon is reported. A 41 year old patient with two weeks history of loin pain was found to have a palpable renal mass on clinical examination. Imaging revealed a solid mass arising from the left kidney, invading the retroperitoneum suggestive of an invasive hypernephroma. A nephrectomy, partial resection of psoas and colonic resection with end to end anastomosis was performed. Histopathology revealed renal actinomycosis with involvement of the adjacent colon and retroperitoneum. He recovered well after surgery and was treated with penicillin for one year. Five years have elapsed since presentation without any evidence of clinical recurrence. Abdominal actinomycosis though rare, should be borne in mind while investigating patients presenting with an abdominal mass.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1991

Primary actinomycosis in the liver.

We present a case of a 71-year-old female with actinomycosis in the liver, which is a rare region to be primarily affected with actinomycosis. The diagnosis was done histopathologically with a partially resected liver specimen taken during surgery for choledocholithiasis. There were no clinical signs of Actinomyces infection before surgery. The hepatic lesion was a 2 cm sized nodule with histological appearances of abscess-forming suppurative inflammation with fibrosis, in which eosinophilic radiate granules with peripheral clubs were found. The Brown-Brenn stain showed Gram-positive branched filamentous bacilli, which were revealed as acid-fastness by the Ziehl-Neelsen method of Putt's modification. These findings were considered to be consistent with actinomycosis of the liver.

Actinomycosis↗