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PubMed1978

[Effect of abortion on subsequent fertility with special reference to the abortion process].

UNLABELLED: The influence of a first gravida's legal abortion to the later reproduction was researched on 406 patients in the age between 13 up to 18 years-- RESULT: The rate of abortion and premature birth is significantly increased at subsequent pregnancies when there took place an interruption of the first gravidity.--About 70% of the coming gravidities following an interruption of the first gravidity deliver in the time between 37. up to 39. week of pregnancy.--Premature births having a birth weight below 2500 g are found in 10,17% of the cases compared with a control group showing 5,45%.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed2004

Argentine strain of equine herpesvirus 1 isolated from an aborted foetus shows low virulence in mouse respiratory and abortion models.

The equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) was isolated in Argentina from an aborted equine foetus in 1979. This virus (SPv) has special restriction patterns (RP) in comparison with other Argentine isolates. In addition, SPv could be distinguished on the basis of its pathogenicity in baby mice inoculated intracerebrally. We studied the growth properties of the SPv in cell culture and its effects in a mouse respiratory and abortion model. We observed that SPv did not modify its capacity to grow in cell culture with respect to reference HH1 strain. Nevertheless, we found significant differences between the titres of the two strains at 8-14 h post-infection (PI). In this work we demonstrated that SPv showed low virulence in female at different stages of gestation, consistently, with results found in the mouse respiratory model. We considered that this low virulence of SPv could be related to its RP because the RP of HH1 strain are similar to those of the HVS25A strain and both showed effect on pregnant mice. More specific studies about genomic alterations to the SPv are necessary for identifying, more clearly, if the intra-strain variations have relation with the low virulence in the mouse respiratory and abortion model.

Animals↗
PubMed1968

Herpes simplex virus products in productive and abortive infection. II. Electron microscopic and immunological evidence for failure of virus envelopment as a cause of abortive infection.

Herpes simplex virus strain MPdk(-) multiplies in HEp-2 cells, but not in dog kidney (DK) cells. Strain MPdk(+)sp, a multistep mutant of MPdk(-), multiplies in both HEp-2 and DK cells. Stabilized lysates of productively infected cells yield three macromolecular aggregates of viral deoxyribonucleic acid and protein banding in CsCl gradients at densities of 1.285 g/cm(3) (alpha), 1.325 g/cm(3) (beta), and 1.37 to 1.45 g/cm(3) (gamma). Similar lysates from abortively infected cells yield only the beta and gamma bands. Electron microscopic examination revealed that (i) the alpha band contained enveloped nucleocapsids, whereas the beta band contained naked nucleocapsids and particles tentatively identified as internal components of the nucleocapsids, and that (ii) the enveloped virions and reduplication of cellular membranes observed in thin sections of productively infected cells were absent from abortively infected cells. Studies of the surface antigens of infected cells in a cytolytic system described previously revealed that abortively infected cells contained approximately 10-fold less virus-induced surface antigen than did productively infected cells. From these and other data published previously, we concluded that infectious MPdk(-) virions are not made in DK cells because (i) functional viral products necessary for the envelopment of the nucleocapsid are not made, and (ii) capsid proteins and some nonstructural products specified by the virus malfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Current role of progesterone therapy in the prevention of spontaneous abortion and in the treatment of threatened abortion].

Progesterone therapy is often used to prevent spontaneous abortion. In this paper the most significant studies on the benefits and risks of this treatment over the last 30 years are analyzed. None of these studies about the effects of progesterone as non-specific therapy in abortion risk and recurrent miscarriage, proved a reduced pregnancy wastage in treated patients compared with patients who received no treatment. The results concerning the use of progesterone in recurrent miscarriage for luteal phase inadequacy are more controversial, but they are still inadequate to encourage progesterone supplementation. To obtain a definitive conclusion about progesterone therapy real effectiveness, it is necessary to carry out randomized double-blind prospected trials. As regards the risks of using progesterone therapy during pregnancy, even if a possible teratologic role has certainly been reduced, it cannot be excluded completely yet. Moreover a high incidence of respiratory problems has been noticed in newborns from patients treated with progesterone, compared with control groups.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative studies of motivations for abortion and use of contraception by adolescent abortion patients].

Based on compared GDR-representative studies in 11 hospitals for gynaecology in the years 1976, 1981 and 1987 altogether 7.200 induced-terminations patients were asked about motivations and social factors of artificial abortion and used contraception. Results of interviews from 1.146 induced-termination patients younger then 20 years are given. Proceed from results propositions are leading away reduction the numbers of artificial abortions from young women.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of abortion by intra-amniotic administration of prostaglandin F2 alpha in patients with intrauterine fetal death and missed abortion.

The use of intra-amniotic administration of Prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha in the management of intrauterine fetal death and missed abortion is evaluated in a series of 30 patients. The patients were from 17 to 38 years of age with a median of 25 years. Parity ranged from 0 to three, and duration of gestation ranged from 16 to 37 weeks, with a median of 24 weeks. A single intra-amniotic dose of 40 mg PGF2 alpha was used under direct ultrasound vision. Induction was achieved in all cases. There were 28 complete, and two incomplete terminations. The mean treatment to completion interval for all patients was 5.3 hours. Side effects were minimal: we believe that PGF2 alpha can be safely administered intra-amniotically even with a dead fetus in the uterus and that it can lead to abortion with a minimum of discomfort and danger to the mother.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1988

[Stress as an explanatory model for spontaneous abortions and recurrent spontaneous abortions].

In this reviews uterine article stress shall be outlined as a possible psychobiological model for interpretation of spontaneous and recurrent spontaneous abortions by emphasis on physiological explanation theories. Results refer to the fact that stress can cause via neuro-endocrinologic processes in the uteroplacental area a rejection of the fetus. The role of neurotransmitters adrenaline, noradrenaline and acetylcholine on uterine vascularization and contractility and fetal oxygenation and the influence of progesterone, glucocorticoids and other hormones have been discussed. Stress induces in loading situations a changing action of elevated stress hormones adrenaline, noradrenalin++ and cortisol on the metabolism of other hormones, e.g. a decrease of serum progesterone and an increase of estrogen and thyroxine-level. Therefore the physiological balance of the organism is disturbed. Because informations of the nervous system are transmitted to the utero-placental unit in this way there are disturbances e.g. reduction of fetal oxygenation, advancement of uterine contractility and possible stimulation of labor. Troubles of the immunologic protection of pregnancy by stress have been considered. Nevertheless the question for the reason of elevated abortion tendency caused by stress is still open. Constitutional factors as motility and other uterine and feto-placental factors may be explanations for interindividual differences in this area. Additionally stress modulation factors like efficient stress coping and social support are able to reduce stress effects.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1983

Therapeutic abortion on psychiatric grounds. Part III. Implementing the Abortion and Sterilization Act (1975-1981).

This article reviews the experience of the Pregnancy Advisory Service (PAS) of the Department of Psychiatry, Groote Schuur Hospital. Demographic and personal data from the women referred to the PAS during the period 1975-1981 (since the passing of the Abortion and Sterilization Act of 1975) are recorded. Follow-up information from many of the 1251 patients seen over this period confirms the findings of a previous report that in a significant percentage of cases in which a woman was refused legal abortion pregnancy did not proceed to term. For reasons which are not clear there has been a fall in the number of cases seen for assessment. The PAS performs a valuable function in enabling women to examine the circumstances of an unplanned pregnancy and in providing expert counselling.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1977

Induction of abortion and labor by extraamniotic isotonic saline, with or without addition of oxytocin, in cases of missed abortion, missed labor and antepartum fetal death.

In a group of 16 women admitted for missed abortion, missed labor or antepartum fetal death, we induced abortion or labor by means of extraamniotic infusion of isotonic saline solution, using a Foley catheter inserted through the cervix. Eight patients also required parallel intravenous administration of 5-10 U of oxytocin drip. The average time from the onset of treatment until expulsion of the macerated fetus was 9.09 hours. No complications were recorded. This method is suggested in all such cases, especially when the classical methods are contraindicated.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1991

The prevalence of recurrent spontaneous abortions, cancer, and congenital anomalies in the families of couples with recurrent spontaneous abortions or gestational trophoblastic tumors.

This study extends our previous work on the genetics of recurrent spontaneous abortion and of gestational trophoblastic tumors in an ethnically homogeneous population of Chinese in Taiwan by comparing the prevalence of recurrent spontaneous abortions, cancer, and congenital anomalies in the first-, second-, and third-degree relatives of the index couples to that of normally fertile couples from the same population. The rationale for this study was to provide another test for our hypothesis that genes linked to the major histocompatibility complex are responsible for the diseases in the index couples. If they are, these genes should segregate with a higher frequency in the relatives of the index couples than in the relatives of normally fertile couples and lead to a higher prevalence of these diseases in the extended families. Such a difference was found and adds support to our hypothesis that major histocompatibility complex-linked genes affect growth, development, and susceptibility to cancer.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1995

HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 haplotypes in aborted fetuses and couples with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

HLA haplotypes may be associated with spontaneous abortion through a variety of mechanisms, including maternal hyporesponsiveness to fetal alloantigens, maternal autoimmunity, and HLA-linked t-locus homologues. HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 haplotypes were determined in 37 couples with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSAB), 40 of their abortuses, and 20 fertile control couples. The distribution of haplotype frequencies did not differ between control subjects and RSAB wives, RSAB husbands, or abortuses. The frequency of the HLA-DR5-linked haplotype, DQA1*501/DQB1*301, which was considered a marker for immune hyporesponsiveness, did not differ between RSAB wives and control subjects (P = 0.353). The frequency of the autoimmune-associated HLA-DR3-linked haplotype, DQA1*0501/DQB1*0201, did not differ significantly between RSAB wives and control subjects (P = 0.103). The frequency of the DQA1*0201/DQB1*0201 haplotype in RSAB husbands was greater than the 95th percentile confidence limit of the frequency of this haplotype in control subjects. Among seven RSAB husbands who were heterozygous for this haplotype and did not share a DQA1*0201 allele with his wife, the haplotype was transmitted to 6 of 7 abortuses (3.5 expected). Although the small size of this sample precludes drawing conclusions regarding HLA transmission biases in RSAB couples, these data have generated a specific hypothesis regarding the DQA1*0201/DQB1*0201 haplotype that can be investigated in future studies.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of the IDEIA ELISA to detect Chlamydia psittaci (ovis) in material from aborted fetal membranes and milk from ewes affected by ovine enzootic abortion.

The IDEIA ELISA was used to detect Chlamydia psittaci (ovis) antigen in ewes' milk to which were added serial dilutions of chlamydiae titrated as inclusion forming units (ifus) in McCoy cell tissue culture. The test was able to detect as few as 35 ifus/ml of the organism. The ELISA was then used to detect chlamydial antigen in fetal membranes and milk from ewes clinically affected with ovine enzootic abortion (OEA). The results were compared with results of isolation of chlamydiae in McCoy cell tissue culture from the same material. The fetal membranes of 17 of 19 ewes were positive for chlamydia when tested with the ELISA but chlamydia could be cultured from only 15 of them. Milk samples from 26 ewes which had aborted between 1 and 34 days previously were tested: chlamydiae could not be cultured from any of them and only one was positive when tested by the ELISA. The results show that the IDEIA ELISA is a sensitive test for the detection of C. psittaci (ovis) antigens. The positive results to this test for the three samples from which chlamydiae could not be cultured suggest that the test is not as specific as culture or that it detected dead organisms. Chlamydiae do not appear to be excreted in the milk of ewes affected with OEA.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1972

Implementation of the Abortion Act: report on a year's working of abortion clinics and operating sessions.

The results of the first year's working of abortion clinics and operating sessions are reported. Seventy-eight per cent. of patients were managed on the basis of day admission and 20% were able to leave the hospital within four hours, operation having been carried out by either Karman catheter or by Bierer suction curette under paracervical block. These results were possible because of quick reference of patients to the clinics and the absence of delay in admission for operation.The measures detailed go some way towards managing the abortion problem within the hospital service; similar arrangements could be instituted elsewhere by the responsible regional hospital boards.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed2000

Is medical abortion acceptable to all American women: the impact of sociodemographic characteristics on the acceptability of mifepristone-misoprostol abortion.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether mifepristone-misoprostol medical abortion is more acceptable to some American women than to others. METHODS: Using previously reported acceptability data from a large US multicenter study (n = 2121), we conducted a more detailed analysis to test whether characteristics such as race/ethnicity, education, age, gestational age, and geographic location affect acceptability. RESULTS: In the United States, Asian women were more than twice as likely as other women to choose this method because they believed it was safer, while white women were twice as likely to select it because they considered it more natural. More educated women were likely to select this method to show support for greater choice and were more pleased about being able to avoid surgery. Particular features of the protocol also appealed to different women. White and African-American women as well as women with more education would feel significantly more comfortable taking one or both of the drugs at home than they would in the clinic. Nearly all groups of women were equally satisfied with this method and found it highly acceptable. The data showed surprisingly few differences among women's overall satisfaction level, their willingness to choose the method again, or to recommend it to others. CONCLUSION: Mifepristone-misoprostol medical abortion has widespread appeal to a broad range of women, but different women choose and prefer this method for different reasons.

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗
PubMed2003

Abortion under Greek law: parental consent for a minor's abortion.

As medical abortion becomes more widely used and available in Greece, several issues are emerging and require clarification. Health care providers often face a dilemma when dealing with an adolescent requesting abortion. Parents' consent is mandatory before delivering any kind of treatment to minors. However, as it appears in the case presented here, the circumstances are not always straightforward. A critical review of the Greek legal framework in relation to the current social context is attempted through an interesting case aiming to elicit potential defects of the law that should be addressed by the legislator.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1978

[Prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha in induction of labour, induced abortion and molar abortion. (70 case histories) (author's transl)].

The authors report on their experience using prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha in obstetrics. 70 cases are involved: 30 inductions of labour, 33 abortions and 7 hydatidiform moles. The results as far as induction of labour is concerned are encouraging (76.6 p 100 success), but in the doses used no better than those achieved with synthetic posterior-pituitary oxytocins. On the other hand, as far as abortions are concerned, prostaglandins, whether given intravenously, intra-amniotically or extra-amniotically, are the method of choice because they are practically free of danger in the second trimester of pregnancy (93.9 p. 100 success). Side effects are common but are usually not severe and do not interfere with the treatment.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1993

Spontaneous abortions and DNA ploidy. An application of flow cytometric DNA analysis in detection of non-diploidy in early abortions.

The value of DNA ploidy analysis utilizing paraffin-embedded materials in the detection of nondiploid gestations was examined in a year series of 217 spontaneous abortions in first trimester at a hospital. These placentas were histologically classified as follows: 19 hydropic placentas, six partial moles, three complete moles, and 189 nonhydropic placentas. Abnormal DNA content was found in 26 cases (12%). Twelve placentas (5.6%) were triploid, seven were tetraploid, and seven were nontriploid/tetraploid aneuploid. Of the triploid placentas, six were partial moles, one was a hydropic placenta, and the remaining five were nonhydropic. Since large mononuclear cells in villous mesenchyme were observed in the triploid and tetraploid as well as in the diploid hydropic placentas, in which category trisomic gestation was probable, these cells were not considered to be characteristic of trisomic placentas. Although placentas with hydropic villi had a significantly higher frequency of the nondiploid DNA content than nonhydropic placentas, with the exception of partial moles, no correlation between the histology of villi and DNA ploidy was observed. Flow cytometric analysis using paraffin-embedded materials appears to be of value for the retrospective study of spontaneous abortions, especially for assessing aneuploidy.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗