PubMed · 976903
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U W Pe. A rapid method for testing marijuana.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9432(76)90129-1
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The major urinary metabolite of the most commonly abused psychotropic drug, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, is 11-nor-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THC-COOH). With basic hydrolysis, extraction and concentration, this compound can easily be determined using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with on-column multi-wavelength detection. After solid-phase extraction of 5 ml of urine, drug concentrations down to about 10 ng/ml can be unambiguously monitored. Peak assignment is achieved through comparison of the retention time and absorption spectrum of the eluting THC-COOH peak with those of computer-stored model runs. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated with data obtained from urine samples from different patients which tested positively for cannabinoids using a fluorescence polarization immunoassay.
The cannabinoid content of UK-grown plants (up to the 6th generation) from Moroccan, Sri Lankan and Zambian seedstock was determined by TLC, GLC and HPLC. All plants from the 5th and 6th series resembled their parents, and UK-grown plants were always much greener than those grown overseas. Cannabinoid content remained broadly typical of the source countries. However, tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) consistently predominated over tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to a far greater extent than in the original plants; the THCA/THC ratio was 17 in UK-grown plants compared with 2.0 in the plants from the original areas. Two types of plant emerged from the Moroccan seedstock, one tending to increased cannabidiol (CBD), the other tending to zero levels of this component. The first generation Sri Lankan plants revealed one type of plant with an increased CBD/THC ratio (1.7 compared with 0.11) but this returned to the original value in the succeeding generations. Other Sri Lankan plants had low or undetectable levels of CBD. Moroccan and Sri Lankan CBD-rich plants did not contain cannabichromene, although this cannabinoid was found in THC-rich plants. Zambian plants did not appear to show such a pattern. Zambian seedstock plants had total tetrahydrocannabivarin (diol and acid) levels greater than THC but the ratio was progressively reversed in succeeding generations. The study concludes that the ratios of particular cannabinoids is greatly influenced by the environment.
Abbott fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) and Roche Abuscreen radioimmunoassay (RIA) were compared qualitatively with 142 urine specimens containing 11-nor-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid. Similar qualitative results were obtained in 132 specimens. When discrepent results were observed, all negative results were within 20% of the 100 ng/mL cut-off. We concluded that FPIA and RIA give comparable results to each other.