Search PubMed⌕ Search

PubMed · 9760957

Is confidence in immunisation declining?

Abstract

There is no regular immunisation coverage information in New Zealand that is reliable. Immunisation benefit data do provide an indication of trends. The benefit data show a decline in coverage in 1997, after several years of improving coverage. The reasons for the decline are not known, but media reports which dented public and professional confidence in immunisation may have played a role.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

O Mansoor, D Sarfati, G Durham. 1998-08-14. Is confidence in immunisation declining?. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9760957/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

DTP with or after measles vaccination is associated with increased in-hospital mortality in Guinea-Bissau.

BACKGROUND: The sequence of routine immunisations may be important for childhood mortality. Three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTP) should be given at 6, 10, and 14 weeks and measles vaccine (MV) at 9 months of age. The sequence is not always respected. We examined in-hospital mortality of children having received DTP with or after measles vaccine. SETTING: The only paediatric ward in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. PARTICIPANTS: Children hospitalised during two periods in 1990-1996 and 2001-2002 who had received MV prior to hospitalisation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The all-cause case fatality at the hospital for children aged 6-17 months. RESULT: The case fatality was increased for children who had received DTP with or after measles vaccine compared with children who had received measles vaccine as the most recent vaccine, the ratio being 2.53 (1.37-4.67) and 1.77 (0.92-3.41) in the two periods, respectively. The combined estimate was 2.10 (1.34-3.28). These results were not explained by differences in nutritional status, number of doses of DTP or discharge policy. CONCLUSION: Administration of DTP with, or after MV, may reduce the beneficial effect of MV.

Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine↗

Effect of needle size on immunogenicity and reactogenicity of vaccines in infants: randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the immunogenicity of vaccines for infants and to investigate whether the incidence of reactogenicity is reduced after each immunisation dose using needles of varying lengths and gauges. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. SETTING: 18 general practices within two UK primary care trusts. PARTICIPANTS: 696 healthy infants vaccinated at 2, 3, and 4 months of age, with follow-up to 5 months of age. INTERVENTIONS: Combined diphtheria, tetanus, whole cell pertussis, and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine and a serogroup C meningococcal glycoconjugate vaccine administered using either a wide, long needle (23 gauge/0.6 mm diameter, 25 mm), a narrow, short needle (25 gauge/0.5 mm diameter, 16 mm), or a narrow, long needle (25 gauge, 25 mm). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Local and general reactions recorded by parents for three days after each dose; and diphtheria, tetanus, and H influenzae type b antibody concentrations and functional antibody against serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis 28-42 days after the third dose. RESULTS: Local reactions to diphtheria, tetanus, whole cell pertussis, H influenzae type b vaccinations decreased significantly with wide, long needles compared with narrow, short needles. At all three doses one less infant experienced local reactions at days 1, 2, or 3 for every six to eight vaccinated. Significantly fewer infants vaccinated with the long needle experienced severe local reactions. Non-inferiority of the immune response was shown using a wide, long needle rather than a narrow, short needle for serogroup C meningococcal glycoconjugate vaccine and for diphtheria but not for H influenzae type b or tetanus, although no evidence was found of a decrease. Little difference was found between needles of the same length but different gauges in local reaction or immune response. CONCLUSIONS: Long (25 mm) needles for infant immunisations can significantly reduce vaccine reactogenicity at each dose while achieving comparable immunogenicity to that of short (16 mm) needles. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN62032215 [controlled-trials.com].

Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine↗