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PubMed · 9537966

Ischemic stroke.

S E Kasner·J C Grotta
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Abstract

Acute ischemic stroke is a neurological emergency that requires ultra-rapid intervention. Stroke teams and stroke protocols can be devised to expediate evaluation and treatment. In carefully selected patients, thrombolytic therapy offers a significant benefit but must be initialized within 3 hours of stroke onset. Emerging alternative strategies for reperfusion and neuroprotection must also be initiated during the hyperacute period. The role of more traditional therapies, such as antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants, have been better defined through several recent major clinical trials.

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AnticoagulantsBrain IschemiaCerebrovascular DisordersClinical ProtocolsDiagnosis, DifferentialEmergenciesHumansPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsThrombolytic TherapyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tReview

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BibTeXRIS

S E Kasner, J C Grotta. 1998. Ischemic stroke.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70068-2

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PubMed2001

Randomized comparison of enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, with unfractionated heparin adjunctive to recombinant tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis and aspirin: second trial of Heparin and Aspirin Reperfusion Therapy (HART II).

BACKGROUND: Adjunctive unfractionated heparin (UFH) during thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) promotes the speed and magnitude of coronary artery recanalization and reduces reocclusion. Low-molecular-weight heparins offer practical and potential pharmacological advantages over UFH in multiple applications but have not been systematically studied as adjuncts to fibrinolysis in AMI. METHODS AND RESULTS: Four hundred patients undergoing reperfusion therapy with an accelerated recombinant tissue plasminogen activator regimen and aspirin for AMI were randomly assigned to receive adjunctive therapy for at least 3 days with either enoxaparin or UFH. The study was designed to show noninferiority of enoxaparin versus UFH with regard to infarct-related artery patency. Ninety minutes after starting therapy, patency rates (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction [TIMI] flow grade 2 or 3) were 80.1% and 75.1% in the enoxaparin and UFH groups, respectively. Reocclusion at 5 to 7 days from TIMI grade 2 or 3 to TIMI 0 or 1 flow and TIMI grade 3 to TIMI 0 or 1 flow, respectively, occurred in 5.9% and 3.1% of the enoxaparin group versus 9.8% and 9.1% in the UFH group. Adverse events occurred with similar frequency in both treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Enoxaparin was at least as effective as UFH as an adjunct to thrombolysis, with a trend toward higher recanalization rates and less reocclusion at 5 to 7 days.

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