Search PubMed⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 9080212

Human semen analysis.

F Comhaire·L Vermeulen
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Rapid developments have occurred in the management of couple infertility due to a male factor. These have stimulated renewed interest in semen analysis, which has become more correct, more reliable and more informative. The so-called basic semen analysis, which includes subjective estimation of sperm concentration, motility and morphology, has largely become obsolete. It has been replaced by several alternative techniques such as the home testing of semen by the man himself, the elaboration of methods and equipments for the exact assessment of conventional sperm characteristics, and the measurement of new parameters evaluating the functional state and capacity of spermatozoa, accessory sex glands and seminiferous epithelium. The present paper covers the following items: (i) conventional methods of semen analysis, (ii) the resazurin test and home fertility scoring, (iii) advanced methods for the objective assessment of conventional sperm characteristics and motility parameters.

Explore related subjects

Coloring AgentsComputersHumansInfertility, MaleMaleMicroscopyOxazinesSemenSperm CountSperm MotilitySpermatozoaXanthenesJournal ArticleReview

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

F Comhaire, L Vermeulen. 1995. Human semen analysis.. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd%2F1.4.343

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2001

Use of dyes to investigate migration of the chiral selector in CFFE and the impact on the chiral separations.

Continuous free flow electrophoresis was investigated as a tool for the preparative chiral separation of piperoxan enantiomers using sulfated beta-cyclodextrin (sbeta-CD) as the chiral additive. Bulk migration of sbeta-CD was confirmed using LC-MS analysis of the individual fractions collected and visualized with the addition of crystal violet to the separation buffer. In the absence of sbeta-CD, the crystal violet-containing buffer was reddish/purple and the crystal violet was deflected cathodically in the chamber. In the presence of sbeta-CD, the crystal violet-containing buffer was blue and was deflected anodically. However, formation of accumulation and depletion zones was apparent in both cases. The addition of sbeta-CD to the cathodic wash solution allowed for almost complete resolution of the piperoxan enantiomers with a processing rate of 0.45 mg/ h.

Coloring Agents↗
PubMed2001

"Liquidless" cell staining by dye diffusion from gels and analysis by laser scanning cytometry: potential application at microgravity conditions in space.

BACKGROUND: Conventional staining of cells or tissue sections on microscope slides involves immersing the slides into solutions of dyes then rinsing to remove the unbound dye. There are instances, however, when use of stain solutions is undesirable-e.g., at microgravity conditions in space, where the possibility of accidental spill (many dyes are known carcinogens) introduces health hazard. Likewise, transporting bulk of liquid stains and rinses may be burdensome in certain situations such as field expeditions or combat. METHODS: The "liquidless" staining procedure is proposed in which the dyes are contained in thin strips of hydrated polyacrylamide or gelatin gels that have been presoaked in the stain solutions. Fluorochromes that have affinity to DNA (propidium iodide, PI; 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, DAPI, Hoechst 33342) or to protein (sulforhodamine 101) were used to saturate the gels. The gel strips were placed over the prefixed cells or tissue sections deposited on microscope slides and relatively low (20 g/cm2) pressure was applied to ensure the contact. The cells were also stained by using commercially available mounting media into which DAPI or PI were admixed. Intensity of fluorescence of the PI stained cells was measured by laser scanning cytometry (LSC). RESULTS: Satisfactory cell and tissue staining, with minimal background, was achieved after 10-20 min contact between the cells and gels. Optimal concentrations of the dyes in the solutions used to presoak the gels was found to be 2-4-fold higher than the concentrations used routinely in cytometry. The measurements of intensity of cellular fluorescence by LSC revealed that the staining of DNA was stoichiometric as reflected by the characteristic cellular DNA content frequency histograms with distinct G1, S, and G2/M cell populations and 2:1 ratio of G2/M to G1 peak fluorescence. Individual gels can be saturated with more than a single dye-e.g., to obtain differential DNA and protein staining. Cell staining with DAPI or PI in the gelatin-based mounting media led to high fluorescence background while staining with DAPI in "aqueous" medium was satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: Relatively fast staining of cells or tissue sections on microscope slides can be achieved by nonconvective dye diffusion using hydrated gels permeated with the dyes, applied to cells at low pressure. The quality of the staining provided by this methodology is comparable to conventional cell staining in dye solutions.

Coloring Agents↗
PubMed2001

Water analysis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Coloring Agents↗