PubMed · 8980579
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D N Durrheim, S Knight. 1996. Notification--completing the cycle.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8980579/
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The risk of infectious disease reactivation in recipients of and transmission by solid-organ transplants remains, and thorough screening and testing of recipient and donor is especially important. In conceiving screening strategies, it is crucial to consider the sensitivity and specificity of individual diagnostic tests in the context of their use. Furthermore, recognition of special risks for infectious complications of transplantation will help to guide preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic steps in the control of infectious complications in individual patients. The acceptability of risks for infectious complications after transplantation depends also on the urgency of transplantation of a vital organ as well as the availability of organs. Although these principals are well accepted, standards for the extent of screening and criteria for inappropriate donors and exclusion of unfit recipients remain controversial to some extent.
Molecular biology techniques have become increasingly integrated into the practice of infectious disease epidemiology. The term "molecular epidemiology" routinely appears in the titles of articles that use molecular strain-typing ("fingerprinting") techniques-regardless of whether there is any epidemiologic application. What distinguishes molecular epidemiology is both the "molecular," the use of the techniques of molecular biology, and the "epidemiology," the study of the distribution and determinants of disease occurrence in human populations. The authors review various definitions of molecular epidemiology. They then comment on the range of molecular techniques available and present some examples of the benefits and challenges of applying these techniques to infectious agents and their affected host using tuberculosis and urinary tract infection as examples. They close with some thoughts about training future epidemiologists to best take advantage of the new opportunities that arise from integrating epidemiologic methods with modern molecular biology.
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