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PubMed · 8778052

How nursing research makes a difference.

W Holzemer·A Tierney
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Abstract

"Better Health Through Nursing Research" is the theme of International Nurses' Day (IND) 1996. The following examples demonstrate that a large body of evidence exists that shows that nursing care has significant effects upon health outcomes and costs of care. While much more work remains to be done, particularly with the link of research to practice and research to policy, nurse scientists are very active in making significant contributions to the quality of peoples' lives.

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Cost-Benefit AnalysisDiffusion of InnovationHealth Care CostsHealth PolicyHealth StatusHumansNursing CareNursing ResearchOutcome Assessment, Health CareQuality of Health CareJournal ArticleReview

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W Holzemer, A Tierney. How nursing research makes a difference.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8778052/

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PubMed2000

['Medical technology assessment'; more than just efficacy].

'Medical technology assessment' means investigating the developments, costs and effects of medical technologies. Practising physicians increasingly are confronted with consequences of management based on such research results. In order to follow and participate in the discussion they should be aware of this and know the jargon. In policy problems, measures of effect in natural units (e.g. cardiovascular mortality) offer advantages over measures of clinical findings (e.g. decrease of the serum cholesterol levels). Survival in various health states and disorders can be compared by multiplying the number of life years gained by a factor for the quality of life in those years. Costs are usually expressed in monetary terms. These may be calculated as direct medical costs on the basis of fees or actual costs for society. The latter is the case when the balancing is based on a societal perspective. The societal perspective enables a more objective assessment of health effects than when a patient perspective is used. 'Incremental cost effectiveness' expresses where extra expenditures will have maximum effect, and bears higher relevance for policy decisions than mean costs per unit of effect. Immaterial matters are more difficult to assess, but should nevertheless be considered in selecting the policy to be implemented.

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