PubMed · 8753161
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J K Avery. 1996. Complication during arthroscopy.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8753161/
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reported rate of complications after endoscopic carpal tunnel release by means of an analysis of 54 publications, reporting a total of 9516 endoscopic and 1203 open releases. Endoscopic release was comparable to open release in the rate of irreversible nerve damage (0.3% and 0.2% respectively) but case reports may indicate a small risk of unacceptable complications with endoscopy, such as transection of the median nerve. Reversible nerve problems were more common after endoscopic release. Tendon lesions were extremely rare (0.03%) and the rate of other complications (reflex sympathetic dystrophy, haematoma, wound problems, etc.) was about the same with endoscopic as with open release.
Autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) provides durable hyaline repair tissue in correctly selected patients; it is indicated for full thickness, weightbearing condyle injuries, and injuries to the trochlea of the femur. ACT results in reproducibly satisfactory results, with return to high level activities, including sports, in over 90% of these patients. Second look arthroscopies demonstrate macroscopic integrity of the grafts; and biopsies demonstrate hyaline cartilage repair, which is critical, as shown clinically, to giving durable results at two to nine years follow-up. Also discussed in this article is surgical technique which is especially important for complex reconstructions. As technical refinements and rehabilitation protocols improve, results for treating patellar and tibial injuries may improve; at this time, the response to treating bipolar focal chondral injuries is unknown and not recommended.