Search PubMed⌕ Search

PubMed · 8581350

Decreased Ca2+ influx into the endothelium contributes to the decrease in endothelium-dependent relaxation in the aorta of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

Abstract

Experiments were designed to investigate the role of Ca2+ influx into the endothelium in the relaxation of mouse aorta caused by acetylcholine (ACh) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and age-matched control mice. When Ca2+ was added to the bath, Ca2+ caused a transient contraction followed by relaxation in Ca(2+)-free medium containing 2 x 10(-6) M prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and 10(-5) M ACh in the control experiments. On the other hand, Ca2+ showed a long lasting contraction in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results suggest that influx of Ca2+ into the endothelium is significantly attenuated in the diabetic vessels, and production or release of relaxing factor is markedly decreased.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

K Kamata, M Sugiura, Y Kasuya. 1995. Decreased Ca2+ influx into the endothelium contributes to the decrease in endothelium-dependent relaxation in the aorta of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8581350/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

Relative spatial position of a snake neurotoxin and the reduced disulfide bond alpha (Cys192-Cys193) at the alpha gamma interface of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

We determined the distances separating five functionally important residues (Gln(10), Lys(27), Trp(29), Arg(33), and Lys(47)) of a three-fingered snake neurotoxin from the reduced disulfide bond alpha(Cys(192)-Cys(193)) located at the alphagamma interface of the Torpedo nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Each toxin position was substituted individually for a cysteine, which was then linked to a maleimido moiety through three different spacers, varying in length from 10 to 22 A. We estimated the coupling efficiency between the 15 toxin derivatives and the reduced cystine alpha(192-193) by gel densitometry of Coomassie Blue-stained gels. A nearly quantitative coupling was observed between alphaCys(192) and/or alphaCys(193) and all probes introduced at the tip of the first (position 10) and second (position 33) loops of Naja nigricollis alpha-neurotoxin. These data sufficed to locate the reactive thiolate in a "croissant-shaped" volume comprised between the first two loops of the toxin. The volume was further restrained by taking into account the absence or partial coupling of the other derivatives. Altogether, the data suggest that alphaCys(192) and/or alphaCys(193), at the alphagamma interface of a muscular-type acetylcholine receptor, is (are) located in a volume located between 11.5 and 15.5 A from the alpha-carbons at positions 10 and 33 of the toxin, under the tip of the toxin first loop and close to the second one.

Acetylcholine↗

Phosphorylation of the rat vesicular acetylcholine transporter.

Metabolic labeling of a mutant PC12 cell line, A123.7, expressing recombinant rat vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) with radiolabeled inorganic phosphate was used to demonstrate phosphorylation of the transporter on a serine residue. Mutational analysis was used to demonstrate that serine 480, which is located on the COOH-terminal cytoplasmic tail, is the sole phosphorylation site. Phosphorylation of serine 480 was attributable to the action of protein kinase C. Using a permanently dephosphorylated form of rat VAChT, S480A rVAChT, it was shown that this mutant displays the same kinetics for the transport of acetylcholine and the binding of the inhibitor vesamicol as does the wild type transporter. However, sucrose gradient density centrifugation showed that, unlike wild type VAChT, the S480A mutant did not localize to synaptic vesicles. These results suggest that phosphorylation of serine 480 of VAChT is involved in the trafficking of this transporter.

Acetylcholine↗

Nicotinic modulation of [(3)H]D-aspartate outflow from cultured cerebellar granule cells.

The effect of nicotine on basal and electrically evoked (20 Hz for 20 sec) [(3)H]D-aspartate efflux (assumed as an index of transmitter release) was studied in rat cerebellar granule primary cultures. Nicotine (10-100 nM) increased the basal efflux two to three times and concentration-dependently enhanced the electrically evoked efflux up to ten times. Higher drug concentration (1 microM) underwent rapid desensitization. Facilitation of the efflux was similarly reduced by the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists, alpha-bungarotoxin and mecamylamine, suggesting the involvement of at least two receptor subtypes containing and lacking alpha(7) subunits, respectively. Since the increased efflux induced by nicotine in granule cells kept at rest or depolarized by KCl 15 mM was antagonized by tetrodotoxin, the involvement of sodium channels by receptors located at preterminal sites was suggested. Taken together, these findings emphasize the role of the cholinergic input in granule cell function and in glutamatergic signaling.

Acetylcholine↗