Search PubMedSearch

PubMed · 8550940

Lateralization of comodulated complex waveforms.

Abstract

This study examines the ability to lateralize a complex signal characterized by correlated temporal activity across widely separated frequency regions. The high-frequency complex consisted of two narrow-band stimuli. The two stimuli had common interaural delays but different carriers centered on nonoverlapping critical bands. Two basic conditions were examined: The narrow-band stimuli had temporal envelopes which were (1) identical or (2) different. In the first experiment, narrow bands of noise were used which either had identical temporal envelopes (comodulated) or statistically independent envelopes (CFs = 2550 and 3350 Hz). In the second experiment, two sinusoidally amplitude-modulated (SAM) tones were used whose modulators either had the same starting phase or a different starting phase (CFs = 2550 and 4000 Hz). Results of the first experiment showed that for bandwidths narrower than 300 Hz, comodulated bands produced significantly lower interaural-delay thresholds compared to independent bands. Results of the second experiment showed that when the two SAM tones (100-Hz modulation rate) had the same modulator starting phase, interaural-delay thresholds were lowest.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

K Saberi. 1995. Lateralization of comodulated complex waveforms.. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.413804

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

Differential modulation of changes in hippocampal-septal synaptic excitability by the amygdala as a function of either elemental or contextual fear conditioning in mice.

Recent data obtained using a classic fear conditioning paradigm showed a dissociation between the retention of associations relative to contextual information (dependent on the hippocampal formation) and the retention of elemental associations (dependent on the amygdala). Furthermore, it was reported that conditioned emotional responses (CERs) could be dissociated from the recollection of the learning experience (declarative memory) in humans and from modifications of the hippocampal-septal excitability in animals. Our aim was to determine whether these two systems ("behavioral expression" system and "factual memory" system) interact by examining the consequences of amygdalar lesions (1) on the modifications of hippocampal-septal excitability and (2) on the behavioral expression of fear (freezing) resulting from an aversive conditioning during reexposure to conditional stimuli (CSs). During conditioning, to modulate the predictive nature of the context and of a discrete stimulus (tone) on the unconditional stimulus (US) occurrence, the phasic discrete CS was paired with the US or randomly distributed with regard to the US. After the lesion, the CER was dramatically reduced during reexposure to the CSs, whatever the type of acquisition. However, the changes in hippocampal-septal excitability persisted but were altered. For controls, a decrease in septal excitability was observed during reexposure to the conditioning context only for the "unpaired group" (predictive context case). Conversely, among lesioned subjects this decrease was observed in the "paired group" (predictive discrete CS case), whereas this decrease was significantly reduced in the unpaired group with respect to the matched control group. The amplitude and the direction of these modifications suggest a differential modulation of hippocampal-septal excitability by the amygdala to amplify the contribution of the more predictive association signaling the occurrence of the aversive event.

Acoustic Stimulation

Dietary gluten and learning to attend to redundant stimuli in rats.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of a high-gluten diet against a gluten-free diet on learning stimulus-response relationships in rats. In the first phase of training rats learned to associate a stimulus light with responding on a particular response lever. In the second phase, the same rats were exposed to new, but redundant stimuli to guide responding (a tone and houselight). Probe trials, involving only new stimuli, revealed that rats fed a gluten-free diet displayed a "blocking" effect. That is, gluten-free rats did not learn to associate these new stimuli with particular responses. In contrast, high-gluten rats very quickly learned to use these redundant stimuli to guide responding. Subsequent phases of training demonstrated, however, that this group difference could be removed. The present findings are discussed in the context of the possible links between dietary gluten and schizophrenia.

Acoustic Stimulation

Electrodermal activity in nonmedicated hyperthyroid patients having no depressive symptoms.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the alteration in hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis function results in electrodermal abnormality without causing marked psychiatric manifestations or not. Electrodermal activity was recorded with the skin conductance unit and IBM-AT computer. Basal levels of electrodermal activity (EDA), as well as responsivity to repeated insignificant acoustic stimulation were studied in 24 nonmedicated hyperthyroid patients and 35 healthy controls. The outcome of psychiatric rating scores indicated that patients had low anxiety scores and normal depression scores. The basal levels of thyroid hormones were higher in patients, when compared with the control group. On the analysis of EDA, we found lower onset latency and duration of the skin conductance response and higher skin conductance level in nonmedicated patients than healthy controls. The results above provide supporting evidence that the change of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis function results in abnormal EDA, without causing marked psychiatric manifestations.

Acoustic Stimulation