Search PubMed⌕ Search

PubMed · 8524529

Power sources.

Abstract

The rapid development of endoscopic surgery has created an ever-increasing demand for new instruments, such as lasers of various wavelengths, and new applications of high-frequency electrosurgery. The technology has advanced rapidly and it is sometimes difficult to understand the different applications of these new instruments and take full advantage of these developments. This article has reviewed the basic principles of the various power sources commonly utilized in gynecologic surgery and described the clinical applications of each of them.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

A A Luciano. 1995. Power sources.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8524529/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

A practical procedure to prevent electromagnetic interference with electronic medical equipment.

Problems involving electromagnetic interference (EMI) with electronic medical equipment are well-documented. However, no systematic investigation of EMI has been done. We have systematically investigated the causes of EMI. The factors involved in EMI were determined as follows: 1) Electric-field intensity induced by invasive radio waves from outside a hospital. 2) Residual magnetic-flux density at welding points in a building. 3) Electric-field intensity induced by conveyance systems with a linear motor. 4) The shielding capacity of hospital walls. 5) The shielding capacity of commercial shields against a wide range frequency radio waves. 6) The immunity of electronic medical equipment. 7) EMI by cellular telephone and personal handy-phone system handsets. From the results of our investigation, we developed a following practical procedure to prevent EMI. 1) Measurement of electric-field intensity induced by invasive radio waves from outside the hospital and industrial systems in the hospital. 2) Measurement of residual magnetic-flux density at electric welding points of hospital buildings with steel frame structures. 3) Control of the electromagnetic environment by utilizing the shielding capacity of walls. 4) Measurement of the immunity of electronic medical equipment. And 5) Installation of electronic gate equipment at the building entrance to screen for handsets.

Electric Power Supplies↗

Release of toxic metals from button batteries retained in the stomach: An in vitro study.

BACKGROUND: Ingestion of button batteries by children is a rapidly growing problem, and opinions differ on how button batteries distal to the gastroesophageal junction should be managed. The authors therefore performed an experimental study to determine the cumulative load of various toxic elements released from retained button cells in simulated gastric juice. METHODS: Eight different groups of button cells were immersed in simulated gastric juice. Analyzed elements included Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Te, TI, V, W; and Zn. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to evaluate the residual amounts of elements after 4, 24, 72, and 120 hours. RESULTS: At 4 hours, leakage was seen with almost all batteries, with the levels increasing in a time-dependent manner. The highest detected levels at 4 hours were 1.20 microgram for Cd, 280.51 ng for Hg, and 2.63 microgram for Pb. Dissolution, holes, and defragmentation were seen within 24 to 72 hours. Battery weight loss varied between 22 and 104 mg over the course of the study. CONCLUSIONS: Toxic elements contained in button cells are released quickly in gastric juice. This finding might change the current policy of watchful waiting or conservative management of batteries lodged in the stomach.

Electric Power Supplies↗