PubMed · 847583
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M C Botha, B R Briggs. 1977-02-26. Paternity tests.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/847583/
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Two theories of the origins of the Indo-Europeans currently compete. M. Gimbutas believes that early Indo-Europeans entered southeastern Europe from the Pontic Steppes starting ca. 4500 B.C. and spread from there. C. Renfrew equates early Indo-Europeans with early farmers who entered southeastern Europe from Asia Minor ca. 7000 BC and spread through the continent. We tested genetic distance matrices for each of 25 systems in numerous Indo-European-speaking samples from Europe. To match each of these matrices, we created other distance matrices representing geography, language, time since origin of agriculture, Gimbutas' model, and Renfrew's model. The correlation between genetics and language is significant. Geography, when held constant, produces a markedly lower, yet still highly significant partial correlation between genetics and language, showing that more remains to be explained. However, none of the remaining three distances--time since origin of agriculture, Gimbutas' model, or Renfrew's model--reduces the partial correlation further. Thus, neither of the two theories appears able to explain the origin of the Indo-Europeans as gauged by the genetics-language correlation.
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JMH is a high-frequency human erythrocyte blood group antigen. Previous work has shown that JMH is absent from complement-sensitive erythrocytes of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH); such cells have a broad defect in expression of phosphatidylinositol (PI)-linked proteins. Using both human JMH antisera and a JMH-like murine monoclonal antibody, we have identified a 76-Kd membrane protein present in JMH-positive but not JMH-negative erythrocytes. A similar 76-Kd JMH protein was also identified on a human lymphoid T-cell line, HSB-2. Using PI-specific phospholipase C, a small amount of JMH antigen could be cleaved from intact erythrocytes and immunoprecipitated from the supernate of treated erythrocytes, thus confirming that the protein bearing the JMH antigen is anchored by a PI-linkage to the erythrocyte membrane. This protein was further shown not to be identical to decay accelerating factor (70 Kd), a previously identified PI-anchored protein of somewhat similar molecular weight.