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PubMed · 8340110

Polyploidies in abortion material decrease with maternal age.

M Neuber·H Rehder·C Zuther·R Lettau·E Schwinger
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Abstract

Among 639 spontaneous abortions between the 8th and 14th week of gestation 342 (53.5%) revealed an abnormal karyotype. While the rate of trisomies distinctly increased with advancing maternal age, a decrease in the rate of 45,X conceptuses and polyploidies was observed among abortions from older women. The overall relation of XXXX:XXYY among the tetraploidies was 14:11 and that of XXX:XXY:XYY among the triploidies was 26:36:1. However, when the latter was related to maternal age, a reversal of the XXX:XXY ratio of 1:2 in the younger to 2:1 in the older age groups became evident. Furthermore a decrease in the rate of "paternally" derived partial hydatidiform moles was found among the triploid abortion specimens from older women. From these observations we conclude that digyny plays a major role in the origin of triploidy in the increased maternal age groups, while diandry related to immaturity of oocytes and impairment of oocyte cortical function is more frequent in triploid abortions from younger women.

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Abortion, SpontaneousAdultFemaleHumansKaryotypingMaternal AgeMiddle AgedPolyploidyPregnancyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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M Neuber, H Rehder, C Zuther, R Lettau, E Schwinger. 1993. Polyploidies in abortion material decrease with maternal age.. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00205080

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PubMed1999

Cocaine and tobacco use and the risk of spontaneous abortion.

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking and cocaine use may be risk factors for spontaneous abortion, but data supporting such a link are limited. METHODS: We studied the associations between cocaine and tobacco use and spontaneous abortion among pregnant adolescents and women (age range, 14 to 40 years) who sought care at an inner-city emergency department. A total of 400 adolescents and women had spontaneous abortions either at study entry or during follow-up (which lasted until 22 weeks' gestation), and 570 adolescents and women remained pregnant past 22 weeks' gestation. Cocaine use was measured at base line by self-reports and analysis of urine and hair samples. Cigarette smoking was measured by self-reports and urine analysis. RESULTS: The adolescents and women in both groups were predominantly black and of lower socioeconomic status. Among those who had spontaneous abortions, 28.9 percent used cocaine on the basis of hair analysis and 34.6 percent smoked on the basis of a urine cotinine assay, as compared with 20.5 percent and 21.8 percent, respectively, of the adolescents and women who did not have spontaneous abortions. The presence of cocaine in hair samples was independently associated with an increase in the occurrence of spontaneous abortion (odds ratio, 1.4; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.0 to 2.1) after adjustment for demographic and drug-use variables. However, the use of cocaine as measured by self-reports and by urine analysis was not. The presence of cotinine in urine was also independently associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion (odds ratio, 1.8; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 2.6). Twenty-four percent of the risk of spontaneous abortion could be related to cocaine or tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine and tobacco use were common in our study population and were associated with a significant risk of spontaneous abortion.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗