PubMed · 7739310
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E R McFadden, R Hejal. 1995-05-13. Asthma.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91995-3
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In phylogenetically diverse species with the help of T lymphocytes or soluble factors, viral infections induce the Ag-specific B lymphocytes to proliferate and terminally differentiate into IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, or IgE Ab-secreting cells. Based on previous studies searching for IgD, it was inferred that serum IgD in the mouse is nearly undetectable, although in other species, e.g., humans, IgD is a measurable component of serum Ig. More recently, new information has been obtained indicating that IgD is secreted in minute quantities during normal B cell differentiation. We observed that IgD is secreted in significantly increased quantities in mice undergoing an acute infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or vesicular stomatitis virus compared with uninfected animals. A substantial fraction of the observed IgD was found to be virus specific. Using a solid-phase immunoenzymatic technique, virus-specific IgD Ab-forming cells were detected in the spleen; their numerical increase correlated with the level of secreted antiviral IgD. In addition, immunohistochemical staining revealed IgD+ plasma cells that occurred with a similar kinetic profile as the virus-specific IgD Ab-forming cells. These findings provide direct evidence that synthesis of IgD is a physiologic event in the mouse. Its precise function in the immune response to pathogens, however, remains to be determined.
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Developments in supportive care, new regimens for induction of remission and consolidation therapy, and bone-marrow transplantation have improved the outlook for patients with acute leukaemia. The outlook, though, is influenced by age and factors related to the biology of the disease. In acute myeloid leukaemia age is such an important factor that it determines approach to therapy. Overcoming resistance to chemotherapy is an area that needs much attention.