PubMed · 7427660
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P Hilton, S L Stanton. 1980-11-08. Suprapubic catheterisation.. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.281.6250.1261
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INTRODUCTION: The authors classify infantile subdural fluid collection (SFC) into four chronological stages: (I) SFC with arachnoid tear, (II) SFC with inner membrane, (III) SFC with inner and outer membrane, and (IV) subdural hematoma, and discuss the appropriate treatment for each stage. CONCLUSIONS: Fontanel tapping can be used for every stage of SFC, but it is best indicated for stage II. Massive bleeding seldom occurs with punctures made with a small needle. Continuous external drainage is indicated for stages II and III. Although the risk of bleeding decreases even in stage III, this method involves a risk of infection. Burr hole irrigation is usually indicated for stage IV. Implantation of an Ommaya reservoir and endoscopic observation of the SFC cavity along with burr hole irrigation are very useful. A subduroperitoneal shunt cannot be recommended for the treatment of SFC in most cases.
We observed infection rates associated with the LifeSite Hemodialysis Access System, a novel dialysis device consisting of 2 subcutaneously implanted valves accessed by repeated use of fibrous tissue tracts, of 4.8 total infections and 8.1 first episodes per 1000 patient-days. These rates are higher than those observed elsewhere, which may be related to use of the device in a population of chronically ill patients, to the learning curve associated with use of the device, or to inherent qualities of the device.
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