PubMed · 7261905
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1981-08-14. Azlocillin.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7261905/
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The kinetics of degradation of azlocillin sodium in four intravenous admixtures was investigated at different temperatures. The effect of temperature has been determined and from this data, by applying of Arrhenius-law, the stability of azlocillin sodium at 25 degrees C has been predicted and the t90 was determined. Admixtures containing azlocillin sodium (0.01 g ml-1) were prepared in 0.9% sodium chloride injection, in 5% dextrose solution, in 5% levulose solution and in Ringer's lactate solution. The admixtures were stored at 30 degrees, 40 degrees and 50 degrees C in either polyvinyl chloride bags and glass bottles. The change in the initial azlocillin sodium concentration was related to the type of intravenous solution. No dependence with material of container was found. After 24 hours, the change in the initial concentration of penicillin was less than 10% of the initial concentration in 0.9% sodium chloride and 5% levulose solution. However in Ringer's lactate and 5% glucose solution the t90 was lower. These results were found in agreement with experimental ones obtained at room temperature.
We report a case of endocarditis caused by a ciprofloxacin-resistant strain of Serratia marcescens in a 50-year-old female neutropenic patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which occurred while receiving ciprofloxacin prophylaxis. She made poor progress on first line therapy with azlocillin and gentamicin by bolus injection t.d.s. The infection was finally eliminated by a regimen of continuous infusion of azlocillin and once daily gentamicin.
A combination of esterase electrophoretic typing and analysis of the restriction fragment length polymorphism of ribosomal DNA regions (ribotyping) was used to compare 27 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated before and after two-week courses of anti-pseudomonal treatment in seven cystic fibrosis patients. A total of 12 courses of therapy were studied in which ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, azlocillin or imipenem were used alone or in combination with tobramycin. Isolates at a count of greater than or equal to 10(6) cfu/ml of sputum were collected when there was evidence of therapeutic failure on the basis of persistence of isolates whether or not they were resistant to the antibiotic used for therapy. Emergence of resistance was observed in ten cases and failure to eradicate sensitive strains in five cases. Among the 27 isolates, eight zymotypes and five ribotypes were identified. With this typing approach, resistant post-therapy isolates were found to be identical to pre-therapy isolates in all cases but one. However, in one case an additional resistant strain was isolated after therapy besides that initially present. In all five cases in which susceptibility was still observed after treatment, pre-therapy and post-therapy isolates were indistinguishable. Using this molecular typing approach, all the strains were typable. Thus combination of esterase typing and ribotyping should improve the analysis of therapeutic failure in cystic fibrosis patients.