PubMed · 7058399
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J J de Villiers. 1982-01-02. A miscarriage with a difference.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7058399/
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Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal infection during the fertile period. The clinical diagnosis is based on three of Amsel's four criteria: thin, grey-white discharge, vaginal fluid pH above 4.5, a fishy odour on addition of 10% potassium hydroxide solution to the vaginal fluid, and the presence of clue cells on a saline wet mount. A probably more sensitive indicator of the diagnosis is based on Gram-stain, where the normal lactobacillus-dominated vaginal flora is changed to the lactobacillus deficient flora of bacterial vaginosis. The condition is probably associated with higher risk of complications in connection with pregnancy and gynaecological surgery. A prospective study of bacterial vaginosis based on microscopy of Gram-stained smears was conducted among 168 women applying for first trimester abortion. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was 24% and of Chlamydia trachomatis 8.4%. Four patients (10.3%) in the vaginosis group were treated with antibiotics for certain or suspected postabortal endometritis, as against six patients (5.4%) in the group without bacterial vaginosis.
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effects of parental involvement laws on the birth rate, in-state abortion rate, odds of interstate travel, and odds of late abortion for minors. METHODS: Poisson and logistic regression models fitted to vital records compared the periods before and after the laws were enforced. RESULTS: In each state, the in-state abortion rate for minors fell (relative to the rate for older women) when parental involvement laws took effect. Data offered no empirical support for the proposition that the laws drive up birth rates for minors. Although data were incomplete, the laws appeared to increase the odds of a minor's traveling out of state for her abortion. If one judges from the available data, minors who traveled out of state may have accounted for the entire observed decline in the in-state abortion rate, at least in Missouri. The laws appeared to delay minors' abortions past the eighth week, but probably not into the second trimester. CONCLUSIONS: Several empirical arguments used against and in support of parental involvement laws do not appear to be substantiated.
The purpose of the study was to seek knowledge about the reasons for the very high rate of legal abortions in Greenland. In four municipalities in the Disko Bay region of West Greenland all pregnant women were asked to fill in a questionnaire. Due to organisational problems only 39% of the women were asked to participate and a total of 82 women seeking abortion and 175 women who wished to continue the pregnancy were enrolled in the study. A few Danish women (22) were subsequently removed from the study base. The women who wanted an abortion were more often than the other women single, their knowledge of Danish as a second language was poorer, and they less often had a job. Although the age distributions of the two groups were similar the women who wanted an abortion had more often been pregnant before (more births and more abortions). The women who wanted an abortion more often than the other women reported having been drunk, having had a pelvic inflammation or VD, and having been admitted to hospital. Half of the women who wanted an abortion reported that they had forgotten to use their contraception and one fourth were opposed to the use of contraception. There seems not to be a well defined high risk group for legal abortion but a general need for a more realistic view on contraception.