PubMed · 7043769
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H R McDaniel. 1981. Dad Cupp.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7043769/
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Addressing health inequity is now recognized as a clinical competency in medical education. We examined the career and writings of Robert Wilson Jr. (1867-1946), longtime dean of the Medical College of the State of South Carolina during the Jim Crow Era, using primary and secondary sources within the context of systemic and structural racism, particularly in South Carolina. Wilson used public health data to refute the "Black Extinction Hypothesis" rooted in social Darwinism. He challenged assumptions of inherent Black susceptibility to tuberculosis, linking disease instead to social determinants of health. He also identified disproportionate mortality from kidney and cardiovascular disease among Black populations, anticipating modern health disparities research. Wilson further acknowledged systemic injustice and implicated structural conditions, including housing, in shaping outcomes. In an era of continuing health inequity and racial health disparities, Wilson applied empirical evidence to reject biological determinism, identify outcomes disparities, and advocate for racial justice.
A personal narrative of my time in the Hunt laboratory and beyond is provided. The impact of the Hunt laboratory on the analysis of peptides and proteins by tandem mass spectrometry is described in the context of the time.
CONTEXT: The societal costs of low back pain and associated disability are immense. However, very little is known about the etiology of low back pain. Lumbar disc disease was discovered in the last century and became the predominant etiology for back pain. Today we know that for the majority of low back pain cases, a specific etiology cannot be determined. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the evolution of the "disc paradigm" and to compare our contemporary understanding to the scientific discussion in the beginning of the last century. DESIGN: Survey of the highest ranked German medical journal from 1900 to 1999. DATA EXTRACTION: The indexes of 5185 journal issues of the Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift were reviewed for articles about low back pain. DATA SYNTHESIS: For each article, the etiologies were identified, categorized, and counted per decade. In addition, each important etiology was described. CONCLUSIONS: In the beginning of the last century, many heterogeneous etiologies coexisted. In the second half of the century, the theory of disc degeneration took over almost the entire literature about low back pain. Pre-existing theories disappeared, but re-entered the discussion in the last decade. Two factors seemed to influence this development: 1) a tendency to prefer organic, visible abnormalities as etiologies; and 2) an inclination to trust technical diagnostic results more than clinical judgment.