PubMed · 6928209
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M Ingerman. 1980. Current stapedectomy update.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6928209/
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Preconditioning is a general biomechanical phenomenon, where tissue characteristics change due to repetitive loading-unloading experiments, resulting in an increased compliance. Increasing compliance by repetitive tympanometric measurements has previously been described and may be related to rate of pressure change during recordings. Presently, 9 tympanometries were performed in a group of normal adults (n = 103 ears) at 4 different rates: 50, 100, 200, and 400 daPa/s. Compliance showed an initial larger increase from trial to trial, tending to reach a steady state during later trials, and the pattern was found identical in all 4 groups. However, stratifying data according to compliance at 1st trial of each ear, the preconditioning effect was found significantly correlated to compliance (P < 0.001), so that low compliance was associated with low preconditioning and vice versa. Stratification also illustrated that, while most ears reached a steady state, some ears with high compliance (> or = 1.04 cm3) did not. In this way identification is possible of tympanic membranes, which are less resistant to pressure loads and therefore may be susceptible to development of retraction pockets. Repeatable measures of compliance with insignificant effect of preconditioning could be obtained after 5 tympanometries, and measures of precision of compliance are reported.
The incidence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was investigated in 68 patients who reached chronic renal failure (CRF) in childhood with the aim of identifying possible risk factors. Tests were carried out by means of pure-tone and impedance audiometry. SNHL was found in 29% of patients on conservative treatment, 28% of patients on hemodialysis, and 47% after renal transplantation. Differences among groups were not significant. A significant correlation was found with the administration of ototoxic drugs (aminoglycosides and furosemide). We hypothesize that SNHL may be reduced in patients with CRF or on renal replacement therapy by strictly monitoring ototoxic therapy.
Lesions produced by exposure to noise are frequent in everyday life. Injuries may be found in all systems of the human body, from the digestive to the endocrine, from the cardiovascular to the nervous system. Many organs may be damaged, the ear being one of them. It is known that noise produced by factories, airports, musical instruments and even toys can cause auditory loss. Noises in nature can also cause acoustic trauma. This report is the case history of acoustic trauma caused by lightning. The patient was studied with CAT scan, electroencephalogram, and brain mapping, impedance audiometry with tympanogram and acoustic reflex, audiometry and evoked otoacoustics emissions: distortion products and transients.